Effect of Irrigation Scheduling and Different Sowing Dates on Water Productivity and Economics of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

“Effect of moisture regime under different sowing dates of wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.)” was investigated at Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Ayodhya (U.P.) Agronomy Research Farm in rabi season 2021-22. Twelve main plot treatments included 15th November, 25th November, and 5th December sowing dates, while four sub plot treatments included irrigation at 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 IW/CPE ratios. Split plot design was used for three replications. Under 15th November sowing, all growth, yield, and characteristics rose dramatically. Irrigation at 1.0 IW/CPE ratio increased wheat shoot m-2, plant height (cm), dry matter accumulation (g m-2), yield characteristics, grain and straw yield (q ha-1) considerably. D113 (15 November planting with irrigation at 1.0 IW/CPE ratio) had the best net return and D1I2 (15 November sowing with irrigation at 0.8 IW/CPE proportion) the highest B:C ratio (2.54). Wheat yields were highest when sown on November 15. Under 15th November planting, water use efficiency was highest (9.85 kg ha-1mm-1). Irrigation with 1.0 IW/CPE ratio had the maximum water usage efficiency (9.34 kg ha-1 mm-1). The 15 November seeding with irrigation at 1.0 IW/CPE ratio yielded the highest net return (1,17,124.00), making wheat farming profitable. Maximum B:C ratio (2.54) with I1D2 therapy.

Enhancing Blackgram Yield through Optimized Irrigation Scheduling and Integrated Nutrient Management: Growth Characteristics and Yield Components

A field experiment was carried out at Soil Conservation and Water Management Farm of C S Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur during Zaid seasons i.e. 2022 and 2023 to assess the effect of irrigation scheduling and integrated nutrient management on blackgram.The experiment consisted of three irrigation schedulesviz.I1:0.4 IW/CPE, I2:0.6 IW/CPE, I3:0.8 IW/CPE, along with five integrated nutrient management options viz.F1: 100% RDF, F2:125% RDF.F3: 75% RDF + 2.5 ton FYM/ha,F4: 50 % RDF + 5 ton FYM/ha.F5: 50% RDF + 2.5 ton FYM/ha + 1 tonvermi-compost. The experiment was conducted in Split Plot Design replicated thrice irrigation scheduling systems in main plots and integrated nutrient management in sub plots. The result clearly revealed that significantly higher growth attributes viz plant height (35.25 cm and 37.56 cm), number of branches plant-1 (8.87 and 9.21), number of plant leaves (19.96 and 20.29) at harvest and yield attributes viz number of pod per plant (27.80 and 30.10) no of seed per pod (6.62 and 6.91) and also higher seed yield (9.30 q ha-1 and 9.90 qha-1 ), stover yield(23.21 q ha-1 and 24.03 q ha-1) were recorded with I3: 0.8 IW/CPE compared to I1: 0.4 IW/CPE and I2: 0.6 IW/CPE. Among the integrated nutrient management significantly higher growth attributes viz plant height (36.12 cm and 38.07 cm), number of branches plant-1 (9.01 and 9.32), number of plant leaves (20.05 and 20.45) at harvest and yield attributes viz number of pod per plant (28.44 and 30.17) no of seed per pod (7.05 and 7.37) and also higher grain yield (9.73 q ha-1 and 10.27 qha-1 ), stover yield(23.55 q ha-1 and 24.76 q ha-1) were recorded with F5:50% RDF + 2.5 ton FYM/ha + 1 ton vermi-compost as compared to other integrated nutrient management protocol.

Influence of Irrigation Scheduling on Weeds among Different Sowing Dates in Wheat under Vertisol

Wheat is an important cereal grain crop and is staple to millions. Weeds are the major constraint that lower the wheat yield. The knowledge of weeds under different sowing dates and Irrigation can assist in controlling weeds. A field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2020-21 at Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, M.P. to study the influence of irrigation scheduling on weeds at different sowing dates in wheat. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with three replications. The main plot consisted of three sowing dates, i.e., 3rd December, 18th December and 2nd January and four Irrigation Water/Cumulative Pan Evaporation (IW/CPE) based irrigation scheduling, 1.0, 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 in the sub-plots. The results revealed that lowest weed density and dry weight were observed in 2nd January sown date, as compared to 3rd December and 18th December sown date. Among the irrigation schedules, 0.7 IW/CPE observed lowest weed density and dry weight than 1.0, 0.9, 0.8 IW/CPE ratio. 3rd December sown date exhibited highest grain yield (4637 kg ha-1) and straw yield (6788 kg ha-1) than 18th December and 2nd January sown date. Among the irrigation schedules, 1.0 IW/CPE ratio exhibited maximum grain yield (4510 kg ha-1) than 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 IW/CPE ratio. The results of the study concludes that sowing dates and irrigation schedules had crucial role for controlling weeds.

Performance of Rice Varieties with Varying Irrigation Scheduling under Aerobic Condition

A field experiment was conducted at the Regional Research Technology and Transfer Station (RRTTS), Chiplima, Sambalpur, Odisha during summer season of 2019 & 2020 to evaluate performance of medium duration rice varieties with varying irrigation schedules under aerobic condition. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with 3 replications and consisted of four irrigation schedules i.e. I1 = Irrigation at IW/CPE = 1.0, I2 = Irrigation at IW/CPE = 1.5, I3 = Irrigation at IW/CPE = 2.0, and I4 = Irrigation at IW/CPE = 2.5 in main plot treatments and four varieties i.e. V1 = Naveen, V2 = MTU-1010, V3= CR Dhan-201 and V4 = CR Dhan-204 in subplot treatments.The result of pooled mean of both the years showed that higher grain yield was recorded at IW/CPE = 2.5 i.e. 4.07 t/ha , which was at par with IW/CPE = 2.0 (3.90 t/ha) and significantly superior to rest of other irrigation schedules. But in case of cultivars, higher grain yield was obtained with variety CR-Dhan 201(3.54 t/ha) which was at par with variety Naveen (3.30t/ha) and significantly superior to rest of other cultivars. The interaction of irrigation at IW/CPE 2.0 with variety CR Dhan 201 gave the highest grain yield (4.39t/ha) which was at par with irrigation at IW/CPE 2.5 with variety CR Dhan 201 (4.30 t/ha) and significantly superior to rest of other interactions. The interaction of irrigation schedules at IW/CPE 1.5 with Naveen variety produced the highest field water use efficiency (44.05 kg ha-cm-1) but it was at par with all irrigation schedules except at IW/CPE 2.5 with variety CR Dhan 201. Hence, it may be concluded that variety like CR Dhan 201 needs to be irrigated at IW/CPE 2.0 produced economically optimum yield and field water use efficiency on sandy loam soils of western region of Odisha under aerobic condition.

Updated BG Prasad Socioeconomic Classification, 2014: A Commentary.

Modified BG Prasad socioeconomic scale is widely used to determine the socioeconomic status of study subjects in health studies in India. It is an income-based scale and, therefore, has to be constantly updated to take inflation and depreciation of rupee into account. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) for industrial workers (IW) is used to calculate updated income categories for January 2014. Details of the calculations involved will enable young researchers to calculate specific income categories for their research work. State-specific CPI values are also available on the Department of Labour website and should be used to determine more accurate income categories for the study area.