Résumé
Background: Optimal infant and young child feeding practices (IYCF) are effective public health intervention to enhance child survival, nutrition and development. There is also documented evidence regarding the pro-tective effect of optimal IYCF practices against diarrhoea and ARTI. The objective is to assess knowledge and practices regarding IYCF among study participants & to explore the association of feeding practices of mothers with the morbidities (infections) in their children. Methodology: The present study was a hospital based cross-sectional study, carried out during September 2019 to March 2021. A total of 380 mothers of children less than two years attending OPD of Institute of child health, Nirmal hospital private limited, a tertiary care multi-specialty hospital was interviewed using pre-designed and pretested questionnaire. Results: Feeding practices during early days of life to be reasonably good among study participants with al-most 2/3rd of the study participants practicing them. Mean number of morbidity episodes requiring consulta-tion were significantly lower in the children whose mothers practiced optimal IYCF practices. Conclusion: Poor feeding practices in children had significant association with morbidity episodes of diar-rhoea and ARTI in children.
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Background: The current estimates of energy and protein to bridge nutrient gap in the beneficiaries of the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) supplementary nutrition program use sub-optimal methodology for deficit calculation. Objective: To estimate the nutrient deficit and the risk of inadequate nutrient intake in beneficiaries of the ICDS, aged 6-36 months, using individual 24-hour diet recalls, from districts of Chitradurga and Davanagere in Karnataka. Study design: Cross-sectional design. Participants: Children (aged 6 to 36 months) registered as beneficiaries of the ICDS in these districts. Methods: Data were collected on socio-demographic factors, child feeding patterns, perception and usage of take home ration (THR), between August to October, 2019. Three non-consecutive days’ 24-hour diet recall data of children were obtained from mothers, and anthropometric measurements were taken. The proportion of children at risk of inadequate nutrient intakes was estimated using the probability approach. Assuming that 50% of a healthy population will be at risk of nutrient inadequacy such that intake and requirement distributions overlap, the proportion at actual risk of nutrient inadequacy (?50%) was calculated. Results: A combined district analysis showed a median energy deficit of 109 kcal and 161 kcal in children belonging to the age groups of 6-12 month and 13-36 month, respectively. The actual risk of inadequate intake for both age groups ranged between 12- 47% for fat and other micronutrient (iron, calcium, zinc, folate, vitamin B12 and vitamin A), despite breastfeeding, complementary feeding and reported THR use. Conclusion: Children who receive supplementary nutrition as part of the national program fail to meet their nutrient requirements that are essential for growth and development. The study results may help in strengthening the IYCF counselling and in modification of the existing THR, with quality and cost implications.
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Background: Cadres have an essential role in providing counseling in integrated health service post (Posyandu). Poor capacity cadres may affect information delivery to the mothers/caregivers of under-five children. This study aimed is to assess the effect education of counseling of infant and young child feeding (IYCF) as intensive on the performance of the cadres in providing IYCF counseling.Methods: The study was a quasi-experimental with a pre-post test controlled group. The subjects were 55 Posyandu cadres in Ciomas sub-district Bogor. The intervention was training for cadres using education of counseling of IYCF as intensive carried out in the classroom and the field. Data on knowledge, attitude, motivation and counseling performance of cadres before and after the training were collected using a validated structured questionnaire. The paired and independent T-test was applied to analyze the difference before and after the intervention, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was applied to analyze the factors that influence cadre counseling performance.Results: Mean score of knowledge (p=0.00), attitude (p=0.00), motivation (p=0.04), and counseling performance (p=0.00) of cadres in intervention group significantly increased. There is an increase in the score of performance counseling indicators for cadre in the quantity and quality after the education of counseling of IYCF as intensive. All of the indicators of the counseling performance of cadres influenced by educational models, knowledge, attitudes and attended training (p<0.05).Conclusions: Training of cadres using the education of counseling of IYCF as intensive effectively improved the knowledge, attitude, motivation and counseling performance of IYCF practice with indicators of quantity, quality, concern, and character. The capacity building of the cadres should improve continuously through the development of various methods which are more specific and applicable.
Résumé
National Guidelines on Infant and Young Child Feeding should become an integral part of nation-wide Integrated child development Services (ICDS) and the Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) Programme. These need to be effectively operationalized through the programme managers and field functionaries of these on-going programmes. This can happen only when they are practically oriented to the correct norms of IYCF. Methods: A cross sectional study of complementary feeding practices amongst mothers of children aged six months to two years in an urban setting. The place of study is an immunization clinic in a tertiary care hospital of a medical college located in urban area. Study population comprised of mothers of children aged six months to two years attending an immunization clinic. Study was approved by college Institutional Ethics Committee. Mothers who met the inclusion criteria, attending the immunization clinic, from the selected tertiary care hospital of a medical college were selected by systematic random sampling and interviewed. Data analysis done with the using Microsoft excel. Results: Out of 154 mothers, 51.3% of the mothers were in the age group of 25-34 years followed by 47.4% of the mothers in the age group less than 25 years and only 1.3 % of the mothers were more than 35 years of age. Mean age ± SD of the mothers was 25.26 ± 3.73 with the youngest and the oldest mother being 19 and 39 years old respectively. Among the respondents by religion, majority (80.5%) were Hindus followed by 15.6 % Muslims and only 3.9% were Christians. Conclusion: Time of complementary feeding initiation varied according child’s gender, predominant caregiver of the child, mother’s parity and socio economic status of the family, which were found to be statistically significant.
Résumé
Background: Under nutrition is one of the most imperative problems among children that needed to be addressed in the realm of public health. Undernourished children cannot maintain natural biological abilities, such as growth, recuperating from ailments, learning and physical development. Poor feeding practices along with illnesses like diarrhoea, pneumonia, helminthic infections etc. are major determinants of under nutrition in India. The tribal populations in India are identified to be the autochthonous people of the land thereby being one of the major sufferers of under nutrition. This study aimed at finding out the prevalence of under nutrition among under-five children in tribal population in Tiruchirappalli district of Tamil Nadu. Methods: This community based cross-sectional analytical study was done among Malayali Tribes population of Puthur village, Pachamalai Hills, Trichy to determine the prevalence of under-nutrition using CIAF and WHO Z scoring system and its risk factors by multivariate analysis. Results: Out of 100 children, about 85% were undernourished as per CIAF criteria. In the Multivariate analysis, children of employed mother and children who were not given exclusive breast feeding were associated with Under nutrition which was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: CIAF could be considered as a better measure than any other single index to identify the problem in the community. The study also emphasizes the significance of proper IYCF practices among employed mothers and improvement of MCH services in Tribal population during antenatal and immediate postnatal period to bring down the prevalence of under nutrition.
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Background: Adequate infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices are essential to ensure optimal survival, health, growth, development and overall nutritional status of children. Objective: The objective of the present study was to assess the IYCF practices among mothers with children aged 0-23 months attending immunisation clinic at a tertiary care hospital of Lucknow, capital of Uttar Pradesh. Materials and methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted at immunisation clinic, King George’s Medical University from January 2015 to September 2015. Systematic random sampling was used and a total of 240 mothers with children 0-23 months old attending immunisation clinic were interviewed with the help of pre-designed, pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Breastfeeding (BF) was initiated within one hour of birth in 18.3% of children. Early initiation of BF was significantly associated with educational and socioeconomic status of mother and type of delivery. Pre-lacteal feeds were given to 23.4% of the children, children born at government health facility and with birth order ≤2 received pre-lacteal feeds more often. Colostrum was given by 67.9% of the mothers. Children born at private institutions or home were more likely to receive colostrum (p< 0.05). The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding for at least 6 months was 53.8%. It was higher in children belonging to low socioeconomic group (p< 0.05). Complementary feeding was initiated at 6 months in 32.8% of children. Children of mothers belonging to upper socioeconomic Shukla M, Tyagi S, Agarwal M. Infant and young child feeding practices of mothers attending immunisation clinic at a tertiary care hospital of Lucknow. IAIM, 2016; 3(1): 58-66. Page 59 class, nuclear family and delivered at government institution through normal delivery were more likely to be started on timely complementary feeding (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study revealed that inadequate IYCF practices are still quite prevalent in the community and therefore emphasis should be given to IYCF education sessions.
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Background: Feeding pattern during infancy has several health related implications. Infant and young child feeding [IYCF] practices comprising breastfeeding as well as complimentary feeding have major role in determining the nutritional status of children. Most of the studies conducted in India focus on breastfeeding aspects only, our study will also include practices regarding complementary diet diversity & frequency aspects of IYCF using the WHO standard IYCF indicators. Objective of the study was to know the IYCF practices among mothers with children aged 0-23months. Methods: Study design - Cross sectional study Study setting - Mother and child health [MCH] clinic of tertiary care teaching hospital, Davangere. Study Period - Six months from September 1st 2013 to January 31st 2014. Sample size – 350 mothers with children 0-23months old attending MCH clinic. Results: 39% of the mothers initiated breastfeeding within half an hour of childbirth. 9% of them gave history of giving pre-lacteal feeds. 26% of the mothers were found to be giving WHO recommended minimum adequate diet to their children. Conclusions: The study highlights that inappropriate IYCF practices are still very much prevalent in the community.
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During the 2nd ILSI SEA Region Expert Consultation and Planning Meeting in 2011, the following information gaps were identified: (i) Some Southeast Asian countries did not have data on infant and young child feeding (IYCF) indicators; (ii) There is a need to know the reasons for the disparities in duration of breastfeeding, age of giving complementary foods, and other breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices in Southeast Asian populations; (iii) Optimal complementary feeding practices that are most suitable in the context of Southeast Asia need to be identified. This report presents highlights from a literature review regarding the above topics. Findings from nationwide surveys and small scale studies were compiled to provide a snapshot of the state of infant and young child feeding practices in the region. Results for Cambodia, Indonesia, Philippines, and Vietnam are presented here.