Antigenic stimulation during pregnancy modifies specific iga1 and iga2 subclasses in human colostrum according to the chemical composition of the antigen

ABSTRACT Background: Several studies have evaluated the effect of infectious diseases and vaccine protocols during pregnancy on maternal milk immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, to understand the protection conferred by lactation on newborns. Colostrum is the primary source of maternal IgA for the newborn. IgA participates in protection mechanisms in the neonate's mucosa. In humans, IgA has two subclasses with differential anatomical distribution among mucosal compartments. Total IgA levels in maternal milk vary after antigen stimulation and have differential affinities in function of the chemical composition of the antigens. We studied the effect of antigenic stimulation during pregnancy on the concentrations of specific IgA1 and IgA2 subclasses in human colostrum. Methods: We analyzed data from 113 women in Mexico City and compared the amount of IgA subclasses in colostrum against three antigens: two from vaccine protocols (tetanus toxoid and pneumococcal polysaccharides) and lipopolysaccharide, a ubiquitous antigen in the gastrointestinal tract. Results: In agreement with the previous reports, we showed that IgA1 from colostrum mainly recognized protein antigens; in sharp contrast, IgA2 was mostly directed against polysaccharide antigens. These levels increased in women who had previous contacts through vaccination or infections during pregnancy. Conclusions: Antigen interaction during pregnancy increased the amount of specific IgA subclasses, depending on the chemical composition of the antigen.

Correlation of Serum Levels of IL-21, TGF-β1, TNF-α and IgA1 in Children with Allergic Purpura and Occurrence of Purpura Nephritis / 现代生物医学进展

Objective:To research the correlation of serum levels of IL-21,TGF-β1,TNF-α and IgA1 in children with allergic purpura and the purpura nephritis.Methods:57 cases with allergic purpura who were treated in our hospital from November 2015 to May 2016 were selected and 29 cases were diagnosed with general allergic purpura,and another 28 cases were diagnosed with purpuric nephritis.30 healthy children were selected as the control group.Then the serum levels of IL-21,TGF-β1,TNF-α,IgAl,immunoglobulin A (IgA),C3 and C4 between the three groups were observed and compared.Results:The serum levels of IL-21,TGF-β1,TNF-α,IgA1 and IgA in the purpuric nephritis group were higher than those of the control group and the general allergic purpura group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05);The serum levels of IL-21,TGF-β1,TNF-α,IgA1 and IgA in the general allergic purpura group were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05);There was no statistically significant difference about the C3 and C4 in the three groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion:The serum levels of IL-21,TGF-β1,TNF-α and IgA1 may be involved in the development ofhenoch-schonlein purpura and purpura nephritis.

The serum levels of galactose-deficient IgA1 in children with Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura and its clinical significance / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To explore the association of galactose-deifcient IgA1 levels with clinical features, and further to provide guidance for individualized treatment of HSP. Methods According to the clinical symptoms and curative effect, 57 children with HSP were divided into four groups:non-HSPN group (n=26), HSPN group (n=7), refractory HSP group (n=7) and remission group (n=17). In non-HSPN group, 12 cases received glucorticoid therapy and 14 cases did not. Serum galactose-de-ifcient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) concentrations were detected using a Helix aspersa-lectin-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the total IgA1 levels were measured by ELISA. Results The serum Gd-IgA1 level was signiifcantly higher in 40 HSP children who were not cured than that in remission group and control group (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the serum Gd-IgA1 level was signiifcantly higher in HSPN group, non-HSPN group and refractory HSP, and children with refractory HSP had signiifcantly higher Gd-IgA1 level than children in non-HSPN group (P0.05). Furthermore, in non-HSPN group, the serum Gd-IgA1 level in HSP children who were not treated with glucorticoid was signiifcantly higher than that in HSP children treated with glucorticoid (P<0.05). Conclusions The serum Gd-IgA1 level is associated with the disease activ-ity and curative effect of HSP, especially in children with refractory HSP, and it is thus likely to be a new non-invasive disease activity marker for guiding the proper usage of glucocorticoid and immunosuppressants in HSP children.

Relationship between levels of serum IgA1 and underglycosylated IgA1 and renal function in children with allergic purpura / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To discuss the relationship between levels of serum IgA 1 and underglycosylated IgAl and renal function in children with allergic purpura.Methods Fifty-nine children with allergic purpura including 32 cases of renal damage group and 27 cases of non-renal damage group and 12 healthy children as control group were chosen.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of serum IgA1 and underglycosylated IgA1[the binding capacity of vilsa villosa lectin(VVL) to serum IgA1],children in renal damage group were separated into 3 groups:＜ 0.5 MOM,0.5-1.5 MOM and ＞ 1.5 MOM according to the multiples of the median(MOM) of the level of serum IgA 1 and underglycosylated IgA 1.Serum creatinine (SCr),blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum uric acid (SUA) were tested by completely automatic biochemistry analyzer.Results The levels of serum IgA1 and underglycosylated IgA1 in control group [(1.07 ±0.68) g/L,(1.26 ±0.92) AU/mg] were significantly lower than that in renal damage group [(2.26 ± 0.77) g/L,(3.78 ± 0.64) AU/mg] and non-renal damage group [(1.75 ± 0.53) g/L,(2.02 ± 0.76) AU/mg],and there were differences among these groups (P ＜ 0.05).According to MOM of the level of serum IgA1:＜0.5 MOM group(6 cases),0.5-1.5 MOM group(17 cases) and ＞ 1.5 MOM group(9 cases),there was significant difference in the level of serum IgA1 among three groups (P ＜0.01),but there was no significant difference of SCr,BUN and SUA among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).According to MOM of the level of serum underglycoeylated IgA1:＜0.5 MOM group (8 cases),0.5-1.5MOM group (13 cases) and ＞ 1.5 MOM group (11 cases),there was significant difference in the level of serum underglycosylated IgA1,SCr,BUN among three groups (P ＜ 0.01),but there was no significant difference of SUA among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the level of serum IgA1 was no correlation with SCr,BUN,SUA (r =2.88,1.44,1.66,P ＞ 0.05);the level of serum underglycosylated IgA1 was positive correlation with SCr,BUN(r =1.12,1.99,P＜ 0.05),but no correlation with SUA(r =2.88,P＞ 0.05).Conclusions The level of serum IgA1 can't reflect the degree of impairment of kidney damage,underglycosylated IgA1 level is significantly positively correlated with the renal function.There are more severe degree of renal function damage in the higher underglycosylated IgA1 level in children with allergic purpura.