Résumé
Resumen Objetivo Identificar la proporción de hipertensos no controlados y sus factores asociados, en pacientes del programa de hipertensión arterial de Pueblorrico, Antioquia, 2018. Método: Estudio transversal de asociación, en el que se obtuvieron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos y antropométricos. Se aplicaron encuestas y la revisión de historias clínicas en una muestra de 272 pacientes. Se realizó la caracterización de los pacientes. Por regresión logística multivariada se obtuvieron las razones de disparidad y los intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC95%). Resultados El no control de la presión arterial se evidenció en el 35.3% (IC 95%: 29.41-41.20). Las variables obesidad (odds ratio [OR]: 2.1; IC95%: 1.05-4.31), utilizar más de tres medicamentos al día (OR: 2.0; IC95%: 1.19-3.44) y asistir a menos de cuatro controles de seguimiento al año (OR: 2.2; IC95%: 1.03-4.74) se asociaron de manera significativa como factores de riesgo para el no control de la presión arterial. Tener excelente percepción de la calidad del programa fue un factor protector (OR: 0.5; IC95%: 0.28-0.87). Conclusiones La proporción de pacientes hipertensos que no logran la meta terapéutica (presión arterial ≤ 140/90 mm Hg) continúa siendo un desafío para la práctica clínica y la salud pública. La adherencia a los controles y el control de factores de riesgo, como la obesidad, son intervenciones importantes en este contexto.
Abstract Objective To identify the proportion of uncontrolled hypertensive patients and their associated factors in a population attending an HBP program. Method Cross-sectional association study. Sociodemographic, clinical and anthropometric data were obtained. Surveys and review of medical records were applied in a sample of 272 participants. The characterization of the patients was performed. By multivariate logistic regression the odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (95% CI) were obtained. Results The non-control of blood pressure was evidenced in 35.3% (95% CI: 29.41-41.20). The variables obesity (OR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.05-4.31), use more than three medications per day (OR: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.19-3.44), and attending less than four follow-up controls per year (OR: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.03-4.74), were significantly associated as a risk factor for non-BP control. Having an excellent perception of the quality program was a protective factor (OR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.28-0.87). Conclusions The proportion of hypertensive patients who do not achieve the therapeutic goal (PA ≤ 140/90 mm Hg), remains a challenge for clinical practice and public health. The adherence and control of risk factors such as obesity are important interventions in this context.
Résumé
Tem se tornado prática comum em nosso país a troca de medicamentos prescritos por outros similares, por produtos genéricos e até mesmo por produtos manipulados, muitas vezes ignorando-se preceitos básicos de bioequivalência, permutabilidade, estabilidade e características específicas do composto farmacêutico. No caso de drogas de índice terapêutico estreito, como a levotiroxina, esses problemas se agravam colocando em sério risco a eficácia do tratamento e a saúde do paciente. Revemos a legislação pertinente ressaltando as características da levotiroxina e os efeitos adversos que limitam a permutabilidade do composto.
The exchange of a prescribed drug by other similar, by generic products and even by custom products has become common practice in our country, often ignoring basic tenets of bioequivalence, interchangeability, stability and characteristics of the pharmaceutical compounds. In the case of drugs of narrow therapeutic index, such as levothyroxine, these problems are intensified, putting the effectiveness of treatment and patient health at serious risk. We review the pertinent legislation, emphasizing the characteristics of levothyroxine and adverse effects that limit the interchangeability of the compound.