Correlation between HLA-Cw*0602 and LCE3B_LCE3C-del allele interaction and psoriasis vulgaris in a population of Mongolian nationality in Inner Mongolia / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the effect of HLA-Cw*0602 and LCE3B_LCE3C-del allele interaction on the risk of psoriasis vulgaris in a population of Mongolian nationality in Inner Mongolia. Methods:A total of 365 Mongolian patients with psoriasis vulgaris who received treatment in The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from January 2006 to December 2015 (case group) and 284 healthy subjects who concurrently received physical examination in the same hospital (control group) were included in this study. After sex and age matching, and quality control, the correlations between HLA-Cw*0602 and LCE3B_LCE3C-del allele and psoriasis vulgaris in a population of Mongolian nationality were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software. The interaction between HLA-Cw*0602 and LCE3B_LCE3C-del alleles (adjusting for potential confounders including age and sex) was analyzed using logistic regression. Results:Logistic regression interaction item Int of dominant inheritance mode HLA-Cw*0602 allele and recessive inheritance mode LCE3C_LCE3B-del allele revealed OR = 2.38, P = 0.033, and interaction index S = 1.21, indicating that there was a synergistic effect between the two alleles. Conclusion:The co-existence of HLA-Cw*0602 and LCE3B_LCE3C-del may increase the risk of psoriasis vulgaris in a population of Mongolian nationality in Inner Mongolia.

Plesiomonas shigelloides exports a lethal cytotoxic-enterotoxin (LCE) by membrane vesicles

ABSTRACT Plesiomonas shigelloides isolated from water in Brazil was previously described as a hemorrhagic heat-labile cytotoxic-enterotoxin producer. We purified this toxin from culture supernatants using ion metallic affinity chromatography (IMAC) followed by molecular exclusion chromatography. The pure toxin presented molecular mass of 50 kDa and isoelectric point (pI) around 6.9 by 2D electrophoresis. When injected intravenously, the purified cytotoxic-enterotoxin induced also severe spasms followed by sudden death of mice. Hence, we entitled it as lethal cytotoxic-enterotoxin (LCE). The presence of membrane vesicles (MVs) on cell surfaces of P. shigelloides was observed by scan electron microscopy (SEM). From these MVs the LCE toxin was extracted and confirmed by biological and serological assays. These data suggest that P. shigelloides also exports this cytotoxic-enterotoxin by membrane vesicles, a different mechanism of delivering extra cellular virulence factors, so far not described in this bacterium.

Influence of orofacial pain, in superficial and deep tissue, on the anxiety levels in rats / Influência da dor orofacial, em tecidos superficiais e profundos, no nível de ansiedade em ratos

Purpose: The present study aimed to determine the influence of orofacial pain in superficial and deep tissue on anxiety levels in male Wistar rats. Methods: Orofacial pain was induced by injecting 50 µL of 1% formalin in the lip (superficial tissue) and in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) (deep tissue) of male Wistar rats. The anxiety level was measured by the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. The standard measures (number of entries into open and enclosed arms, and time spent in opened ones), were recorded. The three measures of plus-maze behavior calculated were the percentage of entries into the openarms (% EOA) (100 X open/total), the percentage of time spent in the open arms (% TSOA) (100 X open/total) and the number of entries into the closed arms (NECA). Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey's tests. Results: The formalin injection in the lip and in the TMJ region significantly increased the anxiety level as measured by the percentage of time spent inside and the number of entries in the open arms of the EPM test, but did not increase the general activity measured by the number of entrances in the closed and opened arms. Anxiety response was significantly reduced by Diazepam® administration (1 mg/kg) before the formalin injection to lip/TMJ. Conclusion: The results suggest that the orofacial nociceptive response induced by the injection of 1% formalin in the lip or TMJ region increases the anxiety level in rats and that Diazepam® can reduce it.

Objetivo: Este estudo objetivou determinar a influência da dor orofacial, em tecidos superficiais e profundos, sobre o nível de ansiedade em ratos machos Wistar. Metodologia: A dor orofacial foi induzida pela injeção de 50 µL formalina a 1%, na região de lábio (tecido superficial) e da articulação temporomandibular (ATM) (tecido profundo) de ratos machos Wistar. A ansiedade foi medida utilizando o teste do labirinto em cruz elevado (LCE). Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que as injeções de formalina no lábio e na ATM aumentaram significativamente o nível de ansiedade, medido pela porcentagem de tempo gasto nos braços abertos e pela porcentagem de entrada nos braços abertos do LCE, masnão aumentou a atividade geral medida pelo número de entradas nos braços abertos e fechados do LCE. A ansiedade foi significantemente reduzida pela administração de Diazepam® (1 mg/kg), previamente à injeção de formalina no lábio e na ATM. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que a dor orofacial induzida pela injeção de formalina 1% na região do lábio e da ATM é capaz de aumentar o nível de ansiedade em ratos e que a administração de Diazepam® pode reduzir esta resposta.