Résumé
Road cargo transport is responsible for transporting 60% of cargo in Brazil according to 2011 data. In fact, it is fundamental in the production, distribution of industrial and agricultural goods.Current analysis characterizes INSS-insured laborers linked to activities in cargo transport with regard to gender, age, international disease classification. It also compares the number of benefits conceded during the last nine years to discuss the impact of accidents and diseases related to laborers in Brazil. The transversal, qualitative study deals with insurance benefits for activities involving cargo transport in Brazil. During the last nine years most INSS insurance benefits may be pinpointed for 2004, with 16.8%. Most (96.1%) were males, with age bracket between 40 and 44 years (15.3%). According to CID, benefits were distributed according to codes M.54 (dorsalgy) with 6.1%; M54.4 (lumbago with sciatic) with 4.7%, M.54.5 (low lumbar pain) with 7% and S62.6 (breaking of fingers) with 3.4%; 45.9% were classified as other diseases. Research shows that a great number of insurance benefits are provided to cargo drivers, corroborating data in the literature.
Sujets)
Humains , Accidents du travail , Accidents de la route , Santé au travailRésumé
Los trabajadores de salud se encuentran expuestos a múltiples factores de riesgo laboral. Estudio clínico, transversal, descriptivo, retrospectivo, que incluyó los casos reportados de accidentes laborales al Servicio de Infectología, Hospital de Niños J.M. de los Ríos desde 2002 hasta mayo 2013, incluidos en la base de datos SPSS 13,0 Se reportaron 444 accidentes (100%): enfermeros 189 (42%), personal de limpieza 94 (21,17%), médicos residentes y adjuntos 92 (20,72%) y 14 (3,15%) respectivamente, estudiantes de medicina 27 (6,08%), bioanalistas 19 (4,27%). Ocurrieron 127 casos (28,65%) durante labores de limpieza, toma de muestras 113 (24,45%), administración de medicamentos 81 (18,24%), cateterización de vías periféricas 45 (10,13%), Intervenciones quirúrgicas 33 (7,43%), cateterización de vía central 14 (3,15%), procesamiento de muestras 5 (1,12%). El mecanismo accidental fue principalmente puntura 388 (90,65%) y de estas predominaron las superficiales en 238 (53,60%). La lesión en trabajadores de salud fue principalmente sobre piel sana en 425 (95,72%). El fluido principalmente involucrado fue sangre 406 (91,44%). El uso de guantes se practicó en 197 (44,3%) mientras que 247 (55,7%) no lo utilizaron, con y sin protección ocular 31 (6,98%) y 413 (93%) respectivamente, con y sin bata 29 (6,53%) y 415 (93,47%) respectivamente. El Servicio más accidentado fue Urgencias 78 (17,57%). La fuentefue conocida 319 (71.85%) y desconocida 120 (27,03%). Los reportes de accidentes laborales se han incrementado con los años, la mayoría ocurre en trabajadores de enfermería, durante labores de mantenimiento. No se utilizan métodos de protección de barrera aun conociéndose el status infeccioso del paciente
Health Workers are exposed to multiple risk factors at work. Clinical, transversal, descriptive, retrospective, which included the reported cases of occupational accidents to Infectious Diseases Service, Childrens Hospital JM de los Ríos from 2002 to May 2013, included in the SPSS 13.0 database. 444 accidents reported (100%): 189 nurses (42%), cleaning staff 94 (21.17%), Medical Residents and specialyst 92 (20.72%) and 14 (3.15%) respectively, 27 medical students (6.08%), Bioanalysts 19 (4.27%). There were 127 cases (28.65%) for cleaning labor, sampling 113 (24.45%), medication management, 81 (18.24%), peripheral lines catheterization 45 (10.13%), surgical interventions 33 (7.43%), central venous catheterization 14 (3.15%), processing of samples 5 (1.12%). The mechanism was mainly accidental puncture 388 (90.65%) and of these surface predominated in 238 (53.60%). The Health Workers injury was mainly on healthy skin in 425 (95.72%). The blood flow was primarily involved 406 (91.44%). The use of gloves was performed in 197 (44.3%) while 247 (55.7%) did not use it, with eye protection 31 (6.98%) and without 413 (93%) respectively, with and without gown 29 (6.53%) and 415 (93.47%) respectively. The Emergency Service rougher was 78 (17.57%). The source was known 319 (71.85%) and unknown 120 (27.03%). Occupational accidents reports have increased over the years, most occur in nursing workers during work. Do not use barrier protection methods even knowing the infection status of the patient
Sujets)
Femelle , Accidents du travail/tendances , Santé au travail , Risques Professionnels , Facteurs de risqueRésumé
O trabalho dos motociclistas profissionais constitui o foco investigativo do presente estudo, que fornece elementos para subsidiar os atores sociais nas negociações relativas à melhoria das condições de trabalho da categoria. Adotando-se a abordagem teórico-metodológica da escola da ergonomia da atividade, foi possível conhecer os constrangimentos vivenciados e as estratégias construídas pelos motociclistas profissionais em face dos principais fatores socioeconômicos que geram pressão temporal no desenvolvimento da atividade.Os resultados obtidos foram analisados considerando-se o modo de funcionamento das unidades de produção em suas articulações com as instituições da cidade e a rede de serviços que garantem a meta de produzir mais em menor tempo. Finalmente, o estudo permitiu descrever os fatores acidentogênicos, ligando o plano macroeconômico e suas leis de mercado à rede técnico-organizacional que sustenta as unidades produtivas, gerando o comportamento do tempo zero. É nesta encruzilhada que o motociclista profissional elabora as suas estratégias para garantir as metas de produção, a satisfação do cliente e a sua autoproteção, nem sempre bem-sucedida, contra os acidentes no trânsito.
Professional motorcyclists' jobs are the focus of this study that provides elements that may help social actors when they negotiate improvements in working conditions for their professional category. By adopting the methods proposed by the Activity Ergonomics Approach, it was possible to learn the strategies developed by professionals in dealing with time constraint factors. The results were analyzed taking into consideration the working conditions of the production units regarding their association with their town organizations and the network of services that helps reaching the goals of producing more in less time. Finally, the study describes accident-borne factors, associating the macroeconomic level and its market laws to the technical-organizational network that maintains the productive units and generates the time zero behavior. The intersection of these two aspects is the point at which professional motorcyclists must develop strategies to reach production goals, their client satisfaction and their own protection, not always successful, against traffic accidents.