Résumé
Objective To investigate the correlation between the vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) and exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Methods A literature research was performed in PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane Library,CNKI and Wanfang database from January 2000 to December 2016.Case-control studies on the relationship between VMA or posterior vitreous detachment and exudative AMD were included in this analysis.Literature screening and data extraction were performed according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.The qualities of the literatures were evaluated according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).Seven literatures were selected into meta-analysis.The NOS score was 9 points in 1 article,8 scores in 4 articles,7 points in 2 articles.A total of 947 eyes with exudative AMD,638 eyes with dry AMD,and 618 eyes with controls were included.The correlation between exudative AMD and VMA were analyzed using the software Review manager 5.3.Results The prevalence of VMA in exudative AMD eyes was higher than that in controls [odds ratio (OR)=2.14,95％ confidence interval (CI)=1.19-3.84,P=0.010] and dry AMD eyes (OR=2.24,95％CI=1.24-4.03,P=0.007).There was no difference in PVD prevalence among exudative AMD eyes,dry AMD eyes (OR=0.44,95％CI=0.16-1.20,P=0.110) and controls (OR=0.70,95％CI=0.41-1.18,P=0.180).Conclusion There is correlation between VMA and exudative AMD.
Résumé
The hallmark lesions of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are drusen and basal linear deposit which are lipid substances deposited in Bruch membrane or the compartment on the Bruch membrane.There is a prevailing hypothesis that lipid and its oxidized derivant deposited in retina may have important roles in the pathogenesis of AMD.Lipid oxidation products are toxic,may affect the adjacent cells,induce inflammation,and trigger neovascularization.7-ketocholestoral (7KCh),a naturally occurring oxidized form of cholesterol,had been found to be toxic to retinal cells and able to induce chronic inflammation,which may play a critical role in the development of AMD.However the precise mechanism remains to be elucidated.Thus we will make a brief review of 7KCh and its association with AMD.
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Dysregulation and activation of immune processes are important in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathogenesis.The single nucleotide polymorphism of complement factor H is widely recognized as a risk factor to AMD.Over-activation of nod-like receptor3 and polymorphism of Toll-Like Receptor 3 also associated with AMD.Except for innate immune processes,adaptive immunity also play a critical role in AMD,a growing body of evidence supports that auto-antibodies and T cells are related with AMD.Additionally A2E and lipid oxidation byproducts might also have a role in AMD pathogenesis.
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Purpose To detect whether a 3243 point mutation existed in age related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods Twenty six cases of wet form AMD patients, ten cases of dry form AMD patients were selected,and compared with twenty nomal controls. After collecting anti coagulated blood samples, total cellular DNA were extracted and purified. Using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment long polymorphism techniques, the mtDNA A→G point mutation at position 3243 were detected. Results After cleaveded by restriction endonuclease Apa I, a 294 bp fragment remained only in all detected DNA samples including twenty six wet form AMD, and ten dry form AMD. No any other fragment appeared. The result showed that there was no A→G mutation at position 3243 found in AMD. Conclusion It is suggested that mtDNA 3243 point mutation due to maternal inheritance might be not concerned with both wet form AMD and dry form AMD.