Clinical analysis of 30 cases of basal ganglia germinoma in children / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics of children with basal ganglia germinoma and to improve the level of early clinical diagnosis.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of children diagnosed with basal ganglia germinoma admitted to the Pediatric Surgery Ward of Peking University First Hospital from January 2013 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the clinical characteristics of children with basal ganglia germinoma.@*RESULTS@#A total of 30 patients were included in the study, 28 were male, 2 were female, the mean age at onset was (9.7±2.2) years, the median disease duration was 7 months, 27 had unilateral disease, and 3 had bilateral disease. The clinical manifestations were decreased limb muscle strength, cognitive function disorders, polydipsia, precocious puberty, intracranial hypertension, dysphonia and swallowing dysfunction. The serum and cerebrospinal fluid tumor marker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were normal in the 30 patients, and the serum and cerebrospinal fluid tumor marker β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) were normal in 8 patients.The serum β-HCG was normal in 11 patients but the cerebrospinal fluid β-HCG was slightly elevated, and the serum and cerebrospinal fluid β-HCG were slightly elevated in 11 patients. A total of 33 lesions with irregular shapes were found by imaging examination, including 15 (45.5%) patchy lesions, 10 (30.3%) patchy lesions, and 8 (24.2%) round-like high-density lesions. Tumors showed obvious high-density shadows on computed tomography (CT) scan. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the tumors showed low or isointensity on T1WI and isointensity on T2WI, accompanied by mild peritumoral edema, hemispheric atrophy, cerebral peduncle atrophy, calcification, cystic degeneration, ventricular dilatation and wallerian degeneration. On contrast-enhanced scans, the tumor showed no enhancement or heterogeneous enhancement.@*CONCLUSION@#The main age of onset of germ cell tumors in the basal ganglia in children is about 10 years old, and males are absolutely dominant. The clinical features and imaging manifestations have certain characteristics. With both combined, the early diagnosis of germ cell tumors in the basal ganglia can be improved.

Teaching design and implementation of "maker-oriented flipped classroom" based on WeChat Official Platform—Taking "Med Show" as an example / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Drawing experience from the theory and practice of flipped classroom, this paper proposes a new concept of "maker-oriented flipped classroom", differentiates it from the orthodox flipped classroom teaching, and expounds its teaching design and actual implementation in details through the example of WeChat Official Platform "Med Show". By adopting the 5-point Likert Scale, a survey was conducted on students' satisfaction degree about the effectiveness of "Med Show". The results reveal that students have made considerable progress in terms of medical English proficiency, awareness of medical humanities, and abilities of self-regulated learning and innovation. In conclusion, "Med Show" has made achievements in optimizing conventional teaching approaches, refining evaluation methods of teaching and learning, and redefining the role of teachers, and thus it provides some enlightenments for college English teaching in the era of Internet Plus.

Research on the application of maker teaching method in the teaching of gastroenterology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To apply the maker teaching method in the teaching of gastroenterology to expand students' thinking and stimulate their innovative consciousness, so as to obtain better teaching effects and improve students' achievements, degrees of teaching satisfaction and learning interest.Methods:All the students of two long-schooling classes who were on clinical probation in Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 2020 to September 2021 were selected as the research objects. All the students in one class were classified as the experimental group (SCS maker teaching group), with 55 students in total; the other class students were classified as the control group (traditional teaching group), with 56 students in total. Before teaching, students in the two groups were given a mapping test and scored by the Williams creativity tendency scale, and after teaching, students were given a closed-book test and scored by the Williams creativity tendency scale. Finally, the students' satisfaction score and study interest were investigated by questionnaire. SPSS 23.0 was used to perform t-test and Chi-square test for the data. Results:The experimental group's post-teaching test scores, total theoretical scores (68.11±9.27 vs. 58.66±6.55, t=-6.19, P<0.001), choice questions (21.85±3.94 vs. 18.96±4.59, t=-3.56, P=0.001), short answer questions (13.55±3.67 vs. 11.18±3.23, t=-3.61, P <0.001), simple case analysis (12.67±3.82 vs. 11.14±2.82, t=-2.40, P=0.018), complex case analysis (20.04±5.62 vs. 17.38±5.30, t=-2.57, P=0.012) and film reading tests (36.53±7.59 vs. 33.14±7.82, t=-2.31, P=0.023) were all higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant. The scores of the Williams creativity tendency scale (98.91±9.81 vs. 91.09±10.60, t=-4.03, P <0.001), satisfaction scores (6.76±1.78 vs. 5.66±1.91, t=-3.14, P=0.002) and learning interest scores (6.49±2.00 vs. 5.41±1.82, t=-2.98, P=0.004) of the experimental group were higher than those of control group, and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion:The application of maker teaching method in the teaching of gastroenterology can cultivate students' innovative thinking, improve medical students' understanding of digestive endoscopy, induce their desire to learn digestive endoscopy, and improve students' satisfaction with teaching.

Advances in application of volatile organic compounds in the rapid detection of clostridium difficile infection / 国际儿科学杂志

Clostridium difficile infection(CDI)is a global public health issue and one of the most common pathogenic infections in the community and hospitals, causing varying degrees of diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis.The current CDI diagnosis is based on the detection of clostridium difficile(CD)associated toxins or toxin encoding genes in patients′ stool, but these traditional microbiological techniques have limitations that may delay disease diagnosis.In clinical and research, CD has a distinct odor "horse barn odor" , which is caused by the volatile organic compounds(VOCs). VOCs in human breath, blood, urine and feces have recently received increased attention as potential noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for a wide range of diseases, including infectious diseases and digestive tract disorders.It was discovered that VOCs from CD, with their potential characteristic VOCs, contributed to the rapid diagnosis of CDI.In this paper, we review VOCs and their application in the rapid detection of CDI.

Description of the larva of Lopesia spinosa Maia (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) and new occurrences of the species

ABSTRACT The hitherto unknown larva of Lopesia spinosa Maia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) is described and the geographical distribution of the species is extended in Brazil to Delfinópolis in Minas Gerais; Altinópolis and Jundiaí in São Paulo. Diagnostic characters of the species and illustration of the larva are presented.

Research thoughts and methods on grading identification and transmission change law of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) Q-marker / 中国中药杂志

The quality marker( Q-maker) of traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) has been the core concept of TCM quality evaluation and control in recent years. Based on the knowledge and long-term practice of the researches on TCM quality,we put forward that " Taking the effectiveness as the core,the measurability and peculiarity as necessary conditions,and considering compatibility for TCM formulae,TCM Q-makers are selected and confirmed,and then the transmission and traceability should be investigated as its functional attributes". Selecting the commonly used representative TCM as the research object,based on the score of TCM effectiveness,measurability and peculiarity,a layered three-dimensional integrated technology was adopted for the quantitative evaluation and grading identification of the Q-markers for TCM. And after Q-markers for TCM are selected and confirmed,the transmission variation of the Q-markers is studied in the whole process from the formation of TCM to its function representation. Based on TCM chemical and biological characteristics as well as effectiveness,and integrating multidisciplinary techniques and methods,researches on innovative methods for system identification and confirmation of the TCM Q-makers are developed emphatically to form representative and exemplary extensive application,which will provide significant theoretical and methodological support for effectively improving the quality control level of TCM.

Application of “spider-web” mode in research of Chinese materia medica / 中草药

Chinese materia medica (CMM) is characterized with complicated components, diverse structures and multiple activities, whose quality and efficacy are difficult to display only by detection of single component. The comprehensive evaluation is greatly applied in CMM research by integrating assessment of multi-components, multi-indexes and multi-influence factors, and the challenge of which is how to choose the suitable method for data analysis. Radar chart is one of the most widely used multi-index comprehensive evaluation methods. Because of its high similarity with spider web in form, the concept of “spider-web” mode was put forward and used in the screening of quality marker (Q-maker), the quality evaluation of CMM, the stability study, the selection of bioactive components, and so on. In order to preferably apply the “spider-web” mode in CMM study, this paper systematically summarized the application of “spider-web” mode and radar chart in CMM and introduced its advantages, characteristics and application fields.

Developmentand application of maker education in orthodontics course for undergraduate / 中华医学教育探索杂志

In order to stimulate students' interest in orthodontics and develop their competency in self-directed learning,innovation and practice,we introduced "maker education" into the orthodontics course for undergraduate.In the early stage,the teaching materials were organized based on fragmentation of learning,and the "maker group" is the basic unit.In class,the topics were discussed in the form of flipped classroom.Finally,a series of orthodontic experiments were carried out.This article can provide new ways to improve the quality of orthodontics education.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, mean platelet volume, and appropriate cut off values forprediction of early-stage diabeticnephropathy / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To investigate and compare predictive diagnostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume,for early-stage diabetic nephropathy (EDN).Methods 245 patients with T2DM were divided into patients with EDN(EDN group,n=120) and patients without DN (T2DM group,n=125).116 healthy people were also enrolled in our study.Their clinical and biochemical data were collected.Results NLR (2.14±0.73 vs 1.78±0.58 vs 1.46±0.48,P＜0.05),PLR (116.11±36.43 vs 100.65±27.83 vs 90.24±26.17,P＜0.05) and MPV (11.29± 1.16 vs 10.37 ± 1.01 vs 9.78 ± 1.28,P＜0.05) were significantly higher in EDN group and T2DM group than those of the control group.NLR,PLR and MPV were significantly higher in EDN group than those of T2DM group.Logistic regression analysis showed that after correction of diabetes duration,blood pressure,lipid,and so on,NLR(OR=3.77,95％ CI 2.12-6.08,P＜0.01),PLR(OR=1.81,95％ CI 1.02-2.89,P=0.04) and MPV (OR=2.08,95％ CI 1.22-5.04,P=0.01) were all positively correlated with EDN.According to the analysis of ROC curves,the value of NLR for predicting EDN was higher than PLR and MPV.The cut off value of NLR for predicting EDN was set at 1.82,with the sensitivity of 79.20％ and the specificity of 68.60％.Conclusion NLR has the greatest diagnostic value for EDN,patients whose NLR is over 1.82 need further test in order to diagnose and therapy DN earlier.

Makey Makey y su posible aplicación en unidades de información

Esta revisión bibliográfica presenta el Makey Makey como un dispositivo que forma parte del Maker Movement y que puede utilizarse en las unidades de información. Por ello, se realizó una revisión de literatura que revisa el contexto histórico sobre el surgimiento de este recurso tecnológico; de hecho, en el apartado de Makey Makey se describen las principales características y usos del dispositivo; además, en la sociedad y en las unidades de información, el Makey Makey tiene diferentes características para su utilización en los diversos servicios, en ese sentido, se describe el potencial uso que puede tener por parte de las personas profesionales en la información.

This bibliographical review presents the concept of Makey Makey as a device born from the maker movement that can be used in the information units. Because of this a revision of works and papers took place in which the historical context of the emergence of this technological resource is develop. In the operating section the main characteristics and uses of the device are described. Also in society and in the information units the Makey Makey has different characteristics for its use in various services, for this it describes the potential use that can have on the part of the professionals in the information.

New record of Machaeriobia machaerii (Kieffer, 1913) (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) in Brazil and association with host-plant species

Abstract The geographical distribution of Machaeriobia machaerii (Kieffer, 1913) (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), previously known only from Tubarão, Santa Catarina State, Brazil is extended to São Paulo State, Brazil. Illustrations of diagnostic characters of the male, pupa, and larva are provided, and the association with the species of host plant, Machaerium hirtum (Vell.) Stellfeld (Fabaceae) is established.

Domestic violence patterns and its consequences among married women in rural Mangalore

Background: One in three women experience domestic violence with global prevalence ranging from 10-69%. It has significant public health consequence and due to sensitivity of the problem women may not report. Aims & objectives: To determine the pattern of domestic violence among women and its association with age, age at marriage, decision making power, economic and educational status of both partners and to determine the legal and health consequences of it. Material & Methods: Observational cross-sectional study was conducted among 199 rural married women. Women who can read and write Kannada were included using convenient sampling. Pre-validated, structured and self-administered questionnaire was used. Chi-square test was done for significance. Results: Emotional violence reported to be 83.1%, physical violence 53.8% and sexual violence 21.1%. Domestic violence had significant association with decision maker, age of both the partners and income of both the partners. 63.8% suffered from depression and 58.8% visited doctor 4-6 times in the last year in relation to domestic violence. Conclusion: The prevalence of domestic violence recorded was high and depression was the serious health consequence. Moral support should be given, and necessary measures should be taken to empower them.

What We Need To Solve The Urgent Crisis Of And How To Develop Sustainable Long Term Care In Thailand: Policy Makers’ Perspectives

@#Thailand’s growing aging population who have increased longevity has resulted in an upsurge in disability and the expectation of chronic diseases. The demand for increased care challenges the government to develop treatment and long-term management procedures. This study explores the following two objectives: 1) identifying policies for intervention that improve the quality of life of the elderly; and 2) developing a sustainable and feasible ten-year delivery system for Long Term Care (LTC). We conducted comprehensive interviews with 8 male and 3 female policy makers on LTC development for the elderly in Thailand and analyzed these transcripts by using NVivo 8 data analysis. Two independent investigations that contain thematic codes have been developed from the transcript subset’s first set. Six of the identified issues – care services imbalance, poor management, skill search, health workforce scarcity, regulations, and information system problems – are considered urgent and require a solution. The surveys reiterate that an LTC scheme will become family- and community-based in a decade. The improvements in the quality of life for elderly patients with long-term conditions are accomplished through integrated services, regulatory system consolidation, an LTC workforce, infrastructure delivery, and investment in elderly health groups. LTC must use an all-inclusive societal policy.

Simultaneous Determination of 5 Constituents in Xiao'er Magan Granule by HPLC-QAMS / 中国药师

Objective:To develop a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker(QAMS)for the determi-nation of five constituents(ephedrine hydrochloride,amygdalin,liquiritin, baicalin and ammonium glycyrrhizinate)in Xiao'er Magan granule. Methods:Amygdalin was used as the internal reference substance, and the relative correlation factors(RCF) of ephedrine hydrochloride,liquiritin,baicalin and ammonium glycyrrhizinate to amygdalin were calculated and evaluated. The contents of the five constituents were determined by the external standard method(ESM) and QAMS,respectively. The content results determined by the two methods were compared and the feasibility of QAMS method was verified. Results:The RCF between amygdalin and the other con-tents was 1.237,1.318,1.327 and 0.884,respectively. There were no significant differences in the results between QAMS and ESM with the relative errors less than 0.3%. Conclusion:The QAMS method is accurate and feasible for the simultaneous determination of Xiao'er Magan granule.

New species of Lopesia Rübsaamen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) associated with Andira humilis Mart. ex Benth. (Fabaceae)

Abstract A new species of Lopesia Rübsaamen, 1908 induces leaf galls on Andira humilis (Fabaceae) in the Cerrado biome (Brazilian savanna) of Bahia, Mato Grosso and São Paulo states, Brazil. Larva, pupa, female, and male of this new species of gall midge are described and illustrated in this paper.

Measurement and Analysis for Related Costs of Drug-induced Liver Injury from Different Decision Makers / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To measure and analysis the related costs of drug-induced liver injury (D1LI) from different decision makers,and to provide reference for reducing related costs of DILI,improving medical insurance system and realizing effective health resource distribution.METHODS:In retrospective study,60 cured or recovered DILI inpatieuts were randomly selected as subjects from medical record management system of 4 hospitals in Henan province during Jun.2014-Jun.2015.Demographic character istic,clinical characteristic and related cost of DILI were analyzed retrospectively and the cost structure was also analyzed from different decison makers (patient,society,medical insurance payer).RESULTS:The total direct medical cost of 60 cases was 584 113.05 yuan,and total direct non-medical cost was 31 093.15 yuan and total indirect cost was 169 379.95 yuan.The total cost of DILI of fered by patients was 616 296.38 yuan;the total cost of DILI offered by society was 784 586.15 yuan;the total cost of DILI offered by medical insurance was 168 289.77 yuan.CONCLUSIONS:DILI results in serious economic damage for patients and society,deserving attracting extensive attention worldwide.The study provide reference for reducing patient's medical burden and improving medical insurance system,and contribute to optimize medical resource distribution.

Research on the nursing blended teaching based on the maker education 2.0 / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To analyze the background and connotation of the maker education 2.0 and the innovativeness of the nursing maker education 2.0, and put forward the blended teaching of the nursing maker education 2.0. Methods The present situations of the maker education 2.0 and the connections between the maker education 2.0 and the nursing education were analyzed through documents and descriptive research, and the blended teaching program of the nursing maker education 2.0 was designed through exploratory research. Results Maker education 2.0 has gradually became an important way to cultivate students' innovation ability, and all kinds of schools tried to implement the maker education 2.0, but there has not been relevant research reports in nursing. Conclusions The blended teaching of the nursing maker education 2.0 can triggerthe reform of the nursing education. We should research the developmental mechanism and supporting theory, etc. of the nursing maker education 2.0 to explore much further for more knowledge about its application results.

Evaluation on performance of MAKER IS 1200 automated chemiluminescence analyzer / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the performance of the MAKER IS1200 automated chemiluminescence analyzer .Methods A series of experiments were designed to evaluate the precision ,reagent open bottle stability ,linearity range and reference interval of the MAKER IS1200 automated chemiluminescence analyzer in 8 items of hepatitis B 5 indexes ,AIDS ,hepatitis C and syphilis ac‐cording to the requirements of CLSI documents ,the detection results were performed the methodological comparison with those de‐tected by Abbott i2000 automated chemiluminescence analyzer .Results Except the total precision of HBEAG low value was slight‐ly higher than 15% of the judgment standard ,other indexes conformed to the requirements ;the open bottle stability of various items of reagent was better ;the quantitative item HBSAB had good linearity within the detection range (r2 >0 .95);in the verification of reference interval ,no outlier was found in each item ;in the methodological comparison ,the other items had good correlation with those detected by the ABBOTT i2000 except anti‐HCV .Conclusion The MAKER IS1200 automated chemiluminescence analyzer has good detection performance and meets the requirements of immunoassay detection in laboratory work .

3D printing service in American medical libraries and its enlightenments / 中华医学图书情报杂志

3D printing service in medical librariescan help their users to master the new medical technologies, meet the needs in clinical teaching, and expand their value-added service.The application of 3D printing techno logy in 5 American medical libraries was thus analyzed in terms of its equipments, establishment of biomedical 3D model, and charge of 3D printing service, with the problems stressed for domestic medical libraries in providing 3D printing service, such as rational allocation of fees, solution of intellectual properties, and training of professional librarians.

Construction of makerspace in medical college and university libraries / 中华医学图书情报杂志

After the significance of constructing makerspace in domestic medical college and university libraries was analyzed in aspects of its concept and development, how to construct the major forms of makerspace ( including new learning space, knowledge sharing space and collaborative communication space) in medical college and uni-versity libraries were described with suggestions put forward for the construction of makerspace in domestic medical college and university libraries.