Factores psicosociales que intervienen en la regulación de la fecundidad en mujeres, Tunja,Colombia,2014-2016 / Psychosocial factors that intervene in the regulation of fertility in women, Tunja, Colombia, 2014-2016

Introducción. En Colombia, la regulación de la fecundidad es un derecho, pero es necesario tener acceso a la información y a los servicios para poder decidir libremente tener hijos o no. Se presentan los factores que intervienen, entre ellos los psicosociales, para el cumplimiento terapéutico de los métodos de regulación de la fecundidad. Objetivo. Determinar los factores psicosociales en el cumplimiento de los métodos de regulación de la fecundidad y su asociación con variables sociodemográficas. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal con enfoque cuantitativo, con una muestra de 318 mujeres y la aplicación de una encuesta. Resultados. El 61,6 % de las mujeres de la muestra estaba entre los 20 y los 29 años de edad; el 42,3 % obtuvo información de los métodos de regulación de la fecundidad de profesionales de la salud;el 90,0 % siempre los utilizó durante las relaciones sexuales; el 81,4% tuvo, en promedio, dos hijos; el 19,6 % declaró haber quedado embarazadas utilizándolos; el 91,3 % expresó que es una responsabilidad compartida por la pareja, apoyándolas a seguir las indicaciones del profesional en el 66,0%; el 56,9% asistió siempre al control de regulación de la fecundidad. Se encontró asociación entre el nivel educativo de las mujeres y la responsabilidad en el uso de los métodos; el 97,8 % tenía educación superior y consideraba que la responsabilidad es de la pareja, y el 80,1% de las mujeres con hijos acudía siempre a los controles. Conclusiones. Los factores psicosociales inciden en el cumplimiento delos métodos de regulación de la fecundidad, dado que un porcentaje significativo refirió como estado conyugal la unión libre, lo que les permitía autonomía para la elección del método y apoyo de la pareja. Las mujeres participaron voluntariamente en el programa y hubo satisfacción con la atención y con la información brindada por el proveedor del servicio.

Introduction: In Colombia, the regulation of fertility is a right, but it is necessary to have access to information and services to decide freely whether or not to have children, presenting psychosocial factors that intervene in their adherence to the methods of regulation of fertility. Objective: To determine the psychosocial factors of the population under study in the adherence to the methods of regulation of fertility and its association with sociodemographic variables. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 318 women and a survey. Results: 61.6% of the sample were between 20 and 29 years of age; 42.3% obtained information on fertility regulation methods from health professionals; 90.0% always used them during sexual intercourse; 81.4% had on average of two children; 19.6% reported becoming pregnant while using them; 91.3% expressed that it is a responsibility shared by the couple, supporting them to follow the professional's instructions in 66.0%; 56.9% always attended the control of fertility regulation. Conclusions: Psychosocial factors influence adherence to fertility regulation methods, since a significant percentage referred to marital status in free union, allowing them autonomy for the choice of method and support of the couple.The women participated voluntarily in the program and there was satisfaction with the care and information provided by the service provider.

"Vamos criar seu filho": os médicos puericultores e a pedagogia materna no século XX / \"Let's raise your child\": puericulture doctors and maternal pedagogy in the twentieth century

Analisa a produção da literatura médica de aconselhamento para as mães com o objetivo de ensiná-las a criar seus filhos. Tratando de assuntos como alimentação, vestuário, higiene e comportamento, os médicos puericultores acreditavam que somente o amor não era suficiente para uma boa formação e educação dos filhos. Como portadores da verdade científica e da técnica, os médicos procuraram ensinar as mães a seguirem os princípios da puericultura, contribuindo sobremaneira para a constituição da mãe-enfermeira, ideal preconizado pelos autores de três manuais publicados entre 1938 e 1963.

The article addresses the production of medical literature that offered advice on how mothers should raise their children. Doctors specializing in puericulture - educating mothers about topics like food, dress, hygiene, and behavior - believed that love alone was not enough to provide children with good training and education. As representatives of scientific truth and technique, these doctors tried to teach mothers to act according to the principles of puericulture, contributing primarily to the construction of the mother-nurse, an ideal endorsed by the authors of the three manuals published between 1938 and 1963 that are analyzed in this article.

Assessment of Responses in Internet Medical Counseling through a Simulated Patient Case

BACKGROUND: Recently, the number of internet users is rapidly increasing and internet medical counseling for medical information is also becoming frequent. The aim of this study was to assess the responses and accuracy of internet medical counseling, and compare the responses according to years and operating groups. METHODS: The subject websites were 79 websites in August, 2000, and 88 in May, 2002, which operated board-type medical counseling. We questioned a simulated case of an acute dermatologic disease. Then we analysed the response rate, the time taken to reply and the accuracy of reponses. RESULTS: The number of websites that answered the question was 38 (48.1%) in 2000, and 73 (83.0%) in 2002. The response rate was significantly higher in 2002 than 2000. Time to reply was significantly shorter in 2002 than 2000. The response rate in hospital or clinic groups was higher than in other groups. The rate to make a correct diagnosis was significantly higher in 2002 than 2000. The rate to mention prognosis and necessity of intensive treatment was significantly higher in 2002 than 2000. CONCLUSION: The response rate was higher 2002 than 2000. Time to reply and the accuracy of answer improved in 2002. The response rate was higher in hospital or clinic group than in other groups.

Legal Approach in Internet Medical Counseling

Internet medical counseling is increasing through the recent diffusion of super-high speed network. It provides not only medical information but also substantial Internet counseling(home medical care or telemedicine) that may rander definite diagnosis and treatment on line. But Internet medical counseling is still prohibited since Korean medical law stipulates the principle of facing treatment. Soon if will be possible to deliver Internet medical counseling under the revised bill of Korean medical law on telemedicine and electronic medical record. Therefore, I would like to give some legal information and advice that merit attention when medical personnel deliver Internet medical counseling. First, in case of substantial Internet medical counseling, it would be desirable to allow Internet counseling as the second treatment with the trust between doctor and patient being the first. Internet counseling should replace facing treatment only when the latter is practically not possible. It should be initiated not by physicians??soliutation but by requests from patients themselves. Of course, full explanation about the practice, including any potential disadvantages to the patients, should be provided. Second, counseling contents should be recorded and the hard copies of the Q-and-A should be kept with signature on. Patients privacy should not be infringed. Third, in case of Internet medical counseling, medical personnel has the same responsibility as that in the facing treatment. And it is stipulated in the revised bill of Korean medical law that if there is no definite evidence that acknowledges remote doctor's fault, resident doctor has the responsibility. But this could make a resident doctor hesitate to practice telemedicine, and enough discussion should follow on this. Internet medical counseiling gives a big opportunity to provide highly developed medical techniques overcoming the geographic barrier of distance, but it also might be dangerous enough to threaten patient's life by providing wrong information and cause effluence of private inforamtion. Therefore, it is necessary to facilitate public opinion regarding the Internet medical counseling on its limit and regulation.

Medical Counseling by Interact via Daily Newspaper / 대한의료정보학회지

Recently the change in medical informatics enabled us to use medical information whenever we want and wherever we are. There are many homepages on the web, which provide hospital information, medical counseling. Our multimedia center began its service as a internet Hospital in MIDAS Dongailbo, one of the major daily newspaper in Korea, on March 25th, 1997. The aim of this study is to examine the content and purpose of medical counseling on the web. The subjects consisted of 1,000 counsellings which were called 'Dongailbo Internet Hospital' for March, 25th, 1997 through October 30th, 1997. Many questioners wanted to know treatment principles, to make a diagnosis, and to know specific medical knowledges. The most common questions are as follows: general and unspecified, musculoskeletal, skin, digestive, respiratory, neurological problems.

Medical Counseling by Interact via Daily Newspaper / 대한의료정보학회지

Recently the change in medical informatics enabled us to use medical information whenever we want and wherever we are. There are many homepages on the web, which provide hospital information, medical counseling. Our multimedia center began its service as a internet Hospital in MIDAS Dongailbo, one of the major daily newspaper in Korea, on March 25th, 1997. The aim of this study is to examine the content and purpose of medical counseling on the web. The subjects consisted of 1,000 counsellings which were called 'Dongailbo Internet Hospital' for March, 25th, 1997 through October 30th, 1997. Many questioners wanted to know treatment principles, to make a diagnosis, and to know specific medical knowledges. The most common questions are as follows: general and unspecified, musculoskeletal, skin, digestive, respiratory, neurological problems.

Analysis and Problems of Urolgic Counseling by PC Communication / 대한의료정보학회지

Recently with the development in computer technology and its communication system, many changes have come to the medical field. For example, Picture Archiving and Communication System(PACS) has been used in the medicine experimentally. But this system needs high cost and instrument, so this system is not used in personal generally. Our hospital established the medical forum for health and medical counseling in Computer communication network called HITEL. We analysed the questions about urologic problem especially from Sep, 1994 to Jan, 1997. Most of questions are related to external genitalia and sexually transmitted diseases and most of users were in their 2nd, 3rd and 4th decades and male-predominant. In conclusion, medical counseling using PC communication is an effective method especially in urologic field.

Medical Counseling by Internet / 대한의료정보학회지

Recent progress in medical informatics enables us to use medical information regardless of time or place, to make a diagnostic and therapeutic plan, according to increasing need about health of general population. There are many homepages on the web, which provides medical common senses, hospital information, and medical counselling on the web. Virtual Hospital, which offers comprehensive media information, has medical counselling program with various programs such as self-diagnosis, emergency information, drug information, Q and A, and so on. The aim of this study is to examine the content and purpose of medical counselling on the web. The subjects consisted of 150 counselings which were called 'Medical Counselling' in the Virtual Hospital for December 1996 through March 1997. Many questioners wanted to know treatment principles. to make a diagnosis, and to know specific medical knowledge, The most common questions are as follows; general and unspecified, digestive, skin, musculoskeletal problems. These findings suggests that medical counselling may be used to supplement the lack of direct medical interviews with doctors.

Medical Counseling by the Internet / 대한의료정보학회지

Recent progress in medical informatics enable to use various medical regardless of time or place, to make a diagnostic and therapeutic plan, with increasing need about health of general population. There are many homepages on the web, which provide medical common senses, hospital information. and medical counseling on the web. Virtual Hospital, which is comprehensive medical information system on the web, has medical counseling program with various health information such as self-diagnosis, first-aid treatment information, drug information, Q and A, and so on. The aim of this study is to examine the content and purpose of medical counseling on the web. The subjects consisted of 277 counsels which visited 'Medical Counseling' in the Virtual Hospital for December 1996 through May 1997. Many questioners wanted to consult about their symptoms, to know prevention and treatment strategies, and to know specific medical knowledge. The most common questions are as follows: general and unspecified, digestive, musculoskeletal, and skin problems. These findings suggest medical counseling may be used to supplement the lack of direct medical Interviews with doctors.