Research on the Strategy of Improving the Efficiency of Multi-departmental Operation in the Ethics Review System of Traditional Chinese Medicine after CAP Certification / 中国医学伦理学

Capability Accreditation Program of Ethics Review for Chinese Medicine Research (CAP Accreditation) is the first medical ethics certification project in China. Institutions can further improve their ethics review work level after passing the CAP accreditation. However, the operational efficiency of each department in the ethics review system needs to be further improved when performing relevant functions in accordance with the certification requirements. Based on the experience and summary in the work of the ethical review system, this paper analyzed the main factors that affect the efficiency of the ethical review system and put forward improvement strategies from six aspects: organizational leadership, incentive policies, quality supervision, system construction, talent training, and promotion through evaluation, with a view to providing reference for improving the efficiency of ethical review, and promoting multi-department coordination and system integration.

Introduction to Health Research Priority Setting Methods and Application Recommendations of Methods in Field of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Health research priority setting， based on the existing disease burden or healthcare needs， screens out specific areas or topics with relatively high research priority by scientific and systematic methods， and optimizes the allocation of health resources by influencing healthcare decision-making， so as to alleviate the imbalance between regional or global health and development. Many developed countries have carried out related research and practical work on different scales， and the World Health Organization （WHO） attaches great importance to the transformation and application of relevant achievements in developing countries. As the largest developing country in the world， China's research in this field started relatively late， and only a small number of scholars have carried out part of the localization methodology research and practice according to the specific national conditions. However， health research priority setting has not yet attracted the attention of large-scale research institutions or government organizations in China. Although the priority setting is rarely mentioned in the research on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， the research and decision-making on the diseases responding specifically to TCM can also be regarded as the practical work of exploring the priority of TCM. Policymakers have a sense of priority support in the "priority of TCM research"， but the decisions from the top design are mainly based on the consensus reached by high-level think tanks. There is a lack of extensive research， and moreover， the data of multiple stakeholders are not included. Therefore， it is urgent to introduce appropriate priority setting methods to solve the problem of transparency and scientificity in the decision-making process. Given the perspective of the specific implementation， the present study introduced three international priority setting methods， i.e.， the James Lind Alliance and Priority Setting Partnerships（JLAPSP，）the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative（CHNRI）， and the Council on Health Research and Development （COHRED）， and presented relevant recommendations on how to apply them in the research of TCM， which is expected to provide references for the local research.

Practice and effect analysis on construction of clinical medical research center of cardiovascular diseases / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:This article takes the practical experience of the construction of the cardiovascular disease clinical medicine research center in Nanjing First Hospital as an example to provide reference for institutions preparing to build a clinical research center.Methods:The center conducts top-level design based on clinical needs, and this study systematically elaborates the construction of the center from management mechanisms, research platforms, collaborative networks, team building and international cooperation.Results:The center has made remarkable progress in clinical research, scientific and technological innovation, transformation and promotion, standard formulation, and technology leading. On the basis of an international perspective, the level of regional diagnosis and treatment has been improved by optimizing the structure of subject talents, and focusing on the clinical needs of cardiovascular subspecialty.Conclusions:Taking the construction of the clinical medicine center as an opportunity, integrating superior resources, improving the level of disease diagnosis, treatment and service and enhancing international academic influence are effective measures to accelerate the development of health services and deepen medical reforms.

Medicina Traslacional en el Perú, generación de políticas y mejoras basadas en la evidencia / Translational medicine in Peru, policy making and evidence-based improvement

Introducción: la investigación traslacional es una rama de la ciencia de reciente creación, su objetivo principal es la aplicación del conocimiento que se genera de las investigaciones, que no quede formando parte de la literatura gris, en el papel o para unos pocos, sino que pueda servir a la mayor cantidad posible de individuos y/o poblaciones. Objetivo: determinar los avances que se han dado a lo largo de los últimos años en la aplicación de la medicina traslacional en Perú. Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda por conveniencia en bases de datos (Google Scholar, Pubmed). Se han brindado ejemplos de cómo la investigación traslacional en Perú puede aportar en gran medida a la mejora de realidades y problemáticas específicas, esto refuerza la necesidad de que las decisiones políticas deben basarse en la medicina basada en la evidencia. Resultados: la medicina traslacional en Perú enfrenta muchas dificultades, como lo son los recursos limitados, tiempo escaso para implementar la investigación formativa, carencia de modelos pedagógicos actualizados, docentes preparados en escuelas antiguas y con capacidad limitada para la educación médica continua; obstáculos que deben de superarse para poder asegurar que la ciencia -y por ende la sociedad- progresen. Conclusiones: en Perú, el avance de la medicina traslacional ha derivado en la generación de personal de salud más capacitado que ha proporcionado los medios para el desarrollo de múltiples políticas públicas. Dichas políticas en muchos casos han terminado plasmadas en normas, reglamentos y hasta leyes en el país(AU)

Introduction: translational research is a branch of science of recent creation. Its main aim is the application of the knowledge generated by research so that it will not become grey literature printed on paper or for the use of a chosen few, but serve as many people and/or populations as possible. Objective: determine the progress made in recent years in the application of translational medicine in Peru. Methods: a convenience search was conducted in the databases Google Scholar and PubMed. Examples are offered of the way in which translational research may greatly contribute to improve specific realities and problems in Peru. This reinforces the need that political decisions be based on evidence-based medicine. Results: translational medicine is faced with many difficulties in Peru, such as limited resources, scant time to implement training research, lack of updated pedagogical models, and teachers trained in old schools and with a limited capacity for continuing medical education. These hurdles should be overcome to ensure the progress of science and therefore of society as well. Conclusions: progress of translational medicine in Peru has resulted in the training of more skilled health personnel, providing the means for the development of multiple public policies. In many cases those policies have been included in standards, regulations and even laws in the country(AU)

Research progress on application of epigenetics and metabolomics in traditional Chinese medicine / 中草药

Traditional Chinese medicine has multi-component, multi-target, and multi-path action characteristics and complexity, which makes the task of modernizing traditional Chinese medicine arduous, and many medical researchers have made unremitting efforts to this end. The development of systems biology and omics has ushered in an opportunity for the integration of traditional Chinese medicine and modern science. In particular, the characteristics integrity, dynamics, personalization, and interaction with the environment of epigenetics and metabolomics are consistent with function concept of traditional Chinese medicine. The application of popular DNA methylation, histone modifications, miRNA regulation of epigenetic research, and the application of metabolomics in the substance basis, quality control, pharmacodynamic action mechanism in traditional Chinese medicine research are reviewed in this paper. This paper also puts forward the idea that combining the two and innovative application can clarify the scientific connotation of the whole action mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine and the mechanism of multi-component, multi-channel, and multi-target synergistic action at the micro level, and explore a new research model for the scientific connotation of the core thought of traditional Chinese medicine.

Report and Proposals on Participation in International Congress on Complementary Medicine Research (ICCMR) 2019 as the Members of International Committee of Japanese Society for Oriental Medicine / 日本東洋医学雑誌

The Japan Society for Oriental Medicine has established various committees, which are working every day to disseminate Japanese traditional herbal medicine (Kampo) and support the activities of academic members. As the members of the International Committee and the medical doctors who conduct research and clinical practice of Kampo at the university hospital, the authors participated in the 14th International Congress on Complementary Medicine Research held in Australia in May 2019. To improve the international recognition and international dissemination of Japanese Kampo, we held the Japanese Kampo Symposium on gastrointestinal diseases successfully. While it was realized that there was an international big interest in Japanese Kampo, it seemed that Kampo researchers in Japan lack the ability to dispatch of information at international conferences compared to neighboring countries such as Korea and China.

Advances in the mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine by network pharma-cology method / 药学实践杂志

Network pharmacology is the basis of system biology,systematically expounded the interaction of the princi-ple and regulation between body and the drug,representing the idea of the modern biomedical philosophy and researching mod-el.It could be more easily understand the mechanism of action of Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment of diseases by the net-work pharmacology-related technical means.Network pharmacology is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine research in the current.The application and development of network pharmacology in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine research in recent years were introduced in this paper from the aspects of Traditional Chinese Medicine concept,network pharmacology and network pharmacology application.

Discussion on the construction of scientific research teams in clinical medicine research institutes / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective To discuss how to establish high level and high quality scientific research teams of Clinical Medicine Research Institute under the Innovation driven Development strategy.Methods The data was collected and analyzed by methods of literature review,sampling and analysis methods.Results Clinical Medicine Research Institute as the medical science and technology innovation positions,has both high quality clinical and full-time scientific research personnel,as well as clear specialist development direction based on scientific research services,two major advantages.The measure from three aspects:improving the structure of scientific research team,building open scientific and technological innovation platform for research and communication,and establishing a suitable scientific research management mechanism can raise the competitive strength of scientific research team.Conclusions Outstanding talents and reasonable team structure are the key to the development of medical technology innovation.We should pay more attention to the construction of high quality research teams.

Ethics review on research of forensic medicine / 中国法医学杂志

Ethics review as the content of the research management of forensic medicine,is the research object of forensic medicine.Focusing on ethics review of the forensic medicine research,this paper discussed on the necessity of ethics review and guiding principles of ethics committee,and appealed for the construction of ethics review in forensic medicine research.

Research Progress of Citri Grandis Exocarpium / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Recent advances in studies on Citri Grandis Exocarpium of both at home and abroad were reviewed,to fully dig its medicinal value,so as to provide reference for better utilization and development of Citri Grandis Exocarpium.Literatures were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Wanfang database,VIP database,PubMed and etc.Study progress was summarized and concluded from aspects of herbal medicine research,chemical constituents,pharmacological effects and clinical research.Clinical studies on Citri Grandis Exocarpium as the monarch drug in a prescription of recent years were collected and summarized,which provided further reference in the development and utilization of clinical application and its related products.The results showed that both CitriExocarpium Rubrum and Citri Grandis Exocarpium were herbal medicine recorded in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China.In Qianlong 30 years,A Supplement to the Compendium of Materia Medica written by Zhao Xuemin,Citri Grandis Exocarpium has been officially made separately and then many later herbal works was based on this.Thus,Citri Grandis Exocarpium was distinguished from Citri Exocarpium Rubrum which was throughout recorded history.Citri Grandis Exocarpium contained polysaccharides,flavonoids,coumarins,volatile oil,and etc.The animal experiments showed that it had significant effects on expectorant and antitussive,anti-inflammatory,antioxidation,immune regulation,prevention and treatment of diabetic myocardial injury.Clinical observations of the past also showed that Citri Grandis Exocarpium had antitussive,expectorant and antiasthmatic effect.It was concluded that Citri Grandis Exocarpium was rich in polysaccharides,flavonoids,coumarin,volatile oil and other active ingredients.It has good effect to treat cough,expectorant and asthma.Its medicinal value is high.It is worth of further development and utilization.

Ethical issues in clinical laboratory medicine research / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Biomedical research involving human body needs to be reviewed and oversight by the Institute Review Board (IRB) is the important international rule,aimed to protect human subjects.Ethics,however,may limited the freedom and innovation of medical research.It is an important task for the medical researchers on how to make the medical research to meet the demands of ethics,to avoid the risk,and to promote the innovation for the better development of the medical research.

Discussion on the Overall Principle of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Ethics Review-Study on the Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Ethics Review (Four) / 中国医学伦理学

In the traditional Chinese medicine research ethics review, the basis of strengthening the overall concept and adhering to the overall principle is that paying attention to the rights and interests of the subjects at the same time focusing on the study objective and the study design, which is the ethics committee′s responsibility. The overall concept is the essential characteristic of traditional Chinese medicine. Only when sticking to the overall prin-ciple, the safety of subjects can be ensured. The implementation of the overall principle should review all of the fol-lowings:whether the investigational drug is certificated, the integrity of the test drug prescriptions, the prevention of drug side effect, and strengthen the construction of ethics committee.

Building human capacity through early childhood intervention: the Child Development Research programme at the Tropical Medicine Research Institute, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica / Construcción de la capacidad humana mediante intervención en la primera infancia: Programa de Investigación del Desarrollo Infantil en el Instituto de Investigación de Medicina Tropical, Universidad de West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

Research conducted by the Child Development Research Group in the Tropical Medicine Research Institute has made significant contributions to the understanding of the importance of early nutrition and the home environment for children's development and the impact of psychosocial stimulation for disadvantaged and/or undernourished children. The work has provided critical evidence that has contributed to the increasing attention given to early childhood development in the work and policies of agencies such as the World Bank, World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF). This review concerns research which documented the impact of malnutrition on children's development and for the first time demonstrated the benefits and necessity of psychosocial stimulation for improvement in development. Subsequent research was critical in establishing the importance of linear growth retardation (stunting) as a risk factor for poor child development. A twenty-two-year study of stunted children has demonstrated benefits through to adulthood in areas such as educational attainment, mental health and reduced violent behaviour, from an early childhood home visiting programme that works through mothers to promote their children's development. The group's research has also demonstrated that it is feasible and effective to integrate the stimulation intervention into primary care services with benefits to children's development and mothers' child rearing knowledge and practices. The group is currently conducting a study to provide information needed for scaling-up of parenting programmes through evaluation of a new approach to improving parenting through health centres and a modified home visit programme.

Una investigación dirigida por el Grupo de Investigación del Desarrollo Infantil en el Instituto de Investigación de Medicina Tropical, ha contribuido de manera significativa a comprender, por una parte, la importancia que tanto la nutrición temprana como el ambiente hogareño poseen para el desarrollo infantil de niños, y por otra parte, el impacto de la estimulación psicosocial para los niños desfavorecidos y/o desnutridos. La evidencia crítica ofrecida por este trabajo ha hecho que se le conceda mayor atención al desarrollo de la primera infancia en el trabajo y las políticas de agencias como el Banco Mundial, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y el Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF). Este estudio trata de una investigación que documenta el impacto de la desnutrición en el desarrollo de niños, y por primera vez demuestra los beneficios y la necesidad de la estimulación psicosocial para favorecer el desarrollo. La investigación subsiguiente fue decisiva para establecer la importancia del retraso del crecimiento linear (RCL) como un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo del niño pobre. Un estudio de veintidós años sobre niños con retraso en el crecimiento ha demostrado los beneficios hasta llegar a la adultez, en áreas como la educación, la salud mental y la reducción del comportamiento violento, a partir de un programa de visita a hogares de la primera infancia, que trabaja con las madres para promover el desarrollo de sus hijos.

Laboratory management for biosafety of medical researches / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Laboratory study is an important part of medical research.In the past few years,many significant biosafety incidents occurred in the medical field in and out of China.We here try to analyse the problem of biosafety management of laboratories,stating the importance of biosafety management in laboratory,and put forward countermeasures.

Analysis of the international projects involving human genetic resources of the Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / 中华医学科研管理杂志

In this paper,we analyzed 24 international cooperation projects involving human genetic resources from 1999 to 2009 hosted by the Cancer Institute and Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.The analysis concerned the overall situation of the projects,the foreign cooperative units,subject distribution,research content,export planning,actual export and achievement.We also put forward proposals to improve the human genetic resources management.

Report on 6th ICCMR (International Congress on Complementary Medicine Research) 2011 in Chengdu / 全日本鍼灸学会雑誌

The 6th International Congress on Complementary Medicine Research (ICCMR) was held at the Sofitel Wanda Hotel in Chengdu, China on May 7-9, 2011. A pre-conference workshop was held on the 6th at Sichuan University. This conference was organized by the International Society for Complementary Medicine Research (ISCMR). There were 400 participants at the conference, which offered 4 workshops, 12 plenary sessions, 134 oral presentations, and 287 posters. Half of total presentations were from China and also many were from South Korea. The methodology of Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) and Systematic Review (SR) were discussed for building Evidence-Based Medicine for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) and many researches with RCT and SR were at the presentation. I attended this conference by reguest from the International Department of The Japan Society of Acupuncture and Moxibustion.

Practice and experience of ethic review of clinical researches / 中华医学科研管理杂志

With the development of techniques and methods of medical researches, the ethic review of clinical research has become essential for healthy development of medical research. This article analyseds the practice of ethic reviews of research projects involving human subjects in our hospital and the difficulties in the process are discussed.

Analysis of proposal evaluation system for Beijing Medicine Research and Development Fund / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective To evaluate the reasonability and feasibility of evaluation index system for the Capital Research Fund for Medical Development in order to provide some preliminary practical and theo-retical fundamentals for setting up and improving an evaluation index system for the Capital Research Foun-dation for Medical Development. Methods Based on the investigation of thirty three hospital's administra-tors in Beijing,we used statistical methods to evaluate the reliability and validity of the evaluation index sys-tem. Results The first grade and second grade index were approved by more than 87.88% responders;the half-reliability of the evaluation index system was 0.7933 and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient is 0.9103, the factor analysis of the second grade indicators showed that there were four factors extracted, and the accu-mulative variance reached 78.44%. Conclusion The evaluation index system for the Capital Research Fund for Medical Development is reasonable and feasible,and the research result will provide a basis for fur-ther study.

Patient-Based Evaluation of Kampo Therapy-Introduction of a Clinical Information Database for Patient-Based Assessment- / 日本東洋医学雑誌

Patients often complaint about their health, even if nothing is wrong with them upon concise objective examination. The complaints often imply the symptoms reflect more than one organ. Kampo treatment has the advantage of curing several symptoms at the same time, with only one or a few medicines. Kampo medicines comprise Chinese herbal formulations individually tailored to the patient. Therefore, symptom reduction is one of the most essential outcome parameters in Kampo treatment. However, how these subjective symptoms should be quantified, is controversial. The purpose of the current paper is to introduce an evaluation system for subjective symptoms. The system is referred to as Tokyo Women's Medical University Oriental Medicine Research Active Support System (TOMRASS). Apart from subjective symptoms, this database contains physical examination, laboratory data, clinical diagnosis and prescribed medicines, etc. In this study, 2 cases are shown as examples of practical use with TOMRASS use. One is a case with many complaints, which is effective with one medicine, Toki-shigyaku-ka-goshuyu-shokyo-to. The other is a case, which reveals unexpected outcomes with Sho-seiryu-to.<br>The new approach enables us not only to give more consideration to the patient's perspective, but also to differentiate therapeutic implications. The investigation between the subjective quality of life and therapeutic relationship may contribute to further understanding of Kampo treatment.