Algunas características del cáncer de piel en pacientes del municipio Sagua la Grande / Some characteristics of skin cancer in patients from Sagua la Grande municipality

RESUMEN Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal con el objetivo de caracterizar el comportamiento del cáncer de piel en pacientes del municipio Sagua la Grande, durante el año 2017. La muestra incluyó a los 237 pacientes con diagnóstico positivo de cáncer de piel que fueron atendidos en la consulta de Dermatología de los Policlínicos «Idalberto Revuelta¼ y «Mario Antonio Pérez¼ de dicha localidad. El 75,1 % de los pacientes tenían más de 60 años de edad, y el 53,5 % eran del sexo masculino. El 69,6 % fueron diagnosticados con carcinoma basocelular, de ellos, el 58,2 % del subtipo nodular. La nariz fue la localización más frecuente (31,2 %). El conocimiento de esta información es imprescindible para trazar estrategias dirigidas hacia la prevención primaria y secundaria de salud que permitirán enfrentar el cáncer de piel como problema de salud.

ABSTRACT A cross-sectional descriptive study was aimed at characterizing the prevalence of skin cancer in patients from Sagua la Grande municipality during 2017. The sample included 237 patients with a positive diagnosis of skin cancer who were treated in the dermatology consultation at "Mario Antonio Pérez" and "Idalberto Revuelta" polyclinics. 75.1% of the patients were over 60 years of age; and 53.5% male. 69.6% of the patients were diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma; 58.2% of them with nodular subtype. The most frequent location was the nose (31.2%). The knowledge of this information is necessary to draw up strategies aimed at primary and secondary health prevention that allow facing skin cancer as a health problem.

Estudo retrospectivo dos pacientes portadores de melanoma cutâneo atendidos na Universidade Federal de São Paulo / Retrospective study of patients with cutaneous melanoma treated at the Federal University of São Paulo

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar as características dos pacientes portadores de melanoma cutâneo atendidos no Hospital São Paulo - UNIFESP. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo de 184 casos de melanoma cutâneo. Foram analisadas as informações sobre sexo, idade, características do tumor, características histológicas e estadiamento. Resultados: a média de idade ao diagnóstico foi de 58,7 anos, com distribuição etária homogênea entre os sexos e predominância em indivíduos brancos (70,6%). Observou-se acometimento predominante de tronco, em homens (36,7%), e de membros inferiores, em mulheres (42%). A exposição solar, com queimaduras, foi mais comum entre homens (31,2%) do que entre mulheres (23,5%). Houve aumento de aproximadamente três vezes no acometimento linfonodal quando o índice mitótico subia de zero (11,9%) para uma ou mais mitoses por campo (36,2%), e aumento progressivo do acometimento linfonodal e de desfechos ruins quanto maior a espessura de Breslow: 10,2% quando menor do que 1mm e 59,2% quando maior do que 4mm. Conclusão: as características dos pacientes portadores de melanoma cutâneo atendidos no Hospital São Paulo são semelhantes às encontradas na literatura.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the characteristics of the patients with cutaneous melanoma treated at the São Paulo Hospital - UNIFESP. Methods: we conducted a retrospective study of 184 cases of cutaneous melanoma. We analyzed information on gender, age, tumor characteristics, histological characteristics and staging. Results: mean age at diagnosis was 58.7 years, with homogeneous age distribution between genders and predominance in white individuals (70.6%). There was a predominance of trunk involvement in men (36.7%) and lower limbs in women (42%). Sun exposure, with sunburns, was more common among males (31.2%) than among females (23.5%). There was an approximately three-fold increase in lymph node involvement when the mitotic index rose from zero (11.9%) to one or more mitosis per field (36.2%). In addition, the greater the Breslow thickness, the greater the lymph node involvement and poor the outcomes: 10.2% when less than 1mm and 59.2% when greater than 4mm. Conclusion: the characteristics of patients with cutaneous melanoma treated at Hospital São Paulo are similar to those found in the literature.

Evaluation of outpatient discharge in patients with cutaneous melanoma / Avaliação da alta ambulatorial em pacientes com melanoma cutâneo

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate discharge in a group of patients with cutaneous melanoma according to recently established criteria. METHODS: we conducted an observational, cross-sectional study with 32 patients at the Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho (HUCFF) / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), between 1995 and 2013, in the following stages: IA (17 cases, 53.12%), IB (4 cases, 12.5%), IIA (3 cases, 9.37%), IIC (1 case, 3.12%), IIIB (1 case, 3.12%), IIIC (3 cases, 9.37%), melanomas in situ (2 cases, 6.25%), Tx (1 case, 3.12%). RESULTS: the follow-up time varied from one to 20 years (stage IA), five to 15 years (stage IB), six to 17 years (stage IIA), 20 years (stage IIC), 23 years (stage IIIB) and 14 to 18 years (stage IIIC). One melanoma in situ (subungueal) was discharged in the fourth year of follow-up and the other was promptly discharged. The Tx melanoma was followed for 12 years. We observed no relapses or recurrences in the period. CONCLUSION: although a controversial issue, it was possible to endorse the discharge of the patients since our follow-up time had already exceeded the one recommended by the other authors.

OBJETIVO: Realizar a avaliação da alta em um grupo de pacientes com melanoma cutâneo de acordo com critérios recentemente estabelecidos. MÉTODOS: estudo observacional de corte transversal de 32 pacientes com melanoma cutâneo atendidos no HUCFF/UFRJ, entre 1995 e 2013, nos seguintes estágios: IA (17 casos/53,12%), IB (4 casos/12,5%), IIA (3 casos/9,37%), IIC (1 caso/3,12%), IIIB (1 caso/3.12%), IIIC (3 casos/9,37%), melanomas in situ (2 casos/6,25%), Tx (1 caso/3,12%). RESULTADOS: o tempo de seguimento ambulatorial variou de um a 20 anos (estágio IA), cinco a 15 anos (estágio IB), de seis a 17 anos (estágio IIA), 20 anos (estágio IIC), 23 anos (estágio IIIB) e de 14 a 18 anos (estágio IIIC). O melanoma Tx foi acompanhado por 12 anos, um melanoma in situ teve alta imediata e outro, subungueal, permaneceu em acompanhamento por quatro anos. Não foram observadas recidivas ou recurrências. CONCLUSÃO: houve adequação do procedimento de alta nos estágios IA, IB, IIA, IIC, IIIB e IIIC.