Comparison of different pretreatment methods for determination of metallic elements in ganoderma extract / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To compare different pretreatment methods for determination of 10 metallic elements including Pb, Cd, As etc in Ganoderma extract. METHODS: Microwave digestion, automatic wet digestion and electrical heating wet digestion methods were used to conduct pretreatment of Ganoderma extact, then the contents of Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Al, Zn and Cr were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). RESULTS: The contents of metallic elements determined by the three kinds of digestion methods were not statistically different except for Hg (P>0.05). The average recoveries of Hg in the Ganoderma samples were 65.28% and 70.39% when processed by automatic digestion and electrical heating digestion method, respectively, much lower than the value of microwave digestion method (98.31%). The recoveries of other metallic elements ranged from 92.19% to 103. 26% by the three kinds digestion methods, with RSDs less than 5%. CONCLUSION: Automatic digestion and electrical heating digestion methods are unable to meet the requirement for simultaneous determination of the 10 kinds of metallic elements in Ganoderma extract, however, microwave digestion method can. As the microwave digestion method is simple and rapid, so it is more suitable for the determination of heavy metals in Ganoderma. It is suggested to choose appropriate sample digestion method according to specific determination requirement on metallic elements in actual situation.

A Study on the Heavy Metal Contents of Soil and Rice in the Kum River Basin / 예방의학회지

This study was carried out to investigate the heavy metal contents and their correlations between paddy soil and brown rice near the Kum-River area. In this study, eighty soil samples and forty brown rice samples were taken from the paddy soil. The contents of heavy metals were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results were as follows: 1. The average contents of soluble heavy metals in surface soil were Cd 0.19, Cu 15.31, Zn 18.10 and Pb 9.08 ppm. The average contents of soluble heavy metals in subsurface soil were Cd 0.19, Cu 14.52, Zn 17.75 and Pb8.11 ppm. There wan no statistically significant difference between the two layers. 2. The contents of Cu, Zn and Pb of Taejeon(S6) and Cd of Sinbyung(S5) in surface soil were higher than those of other areas. The contents of Cd and Cu of Taejeon(S6) and Zn and Pb of Kumnam(S3) in brown rice were higher than those of other areas and four heavy metals in soil and brown rice of Simchon(S7) were lower than those of other areas. 3. The ratio of soluble contents(Cd : Cu : Zn : Pb) in surface soil was 1 : 79 : 93 : 47, that of soluble contents in subsurface soil was 1 : 79 : 94 : 43, and that of total contents in brown rice was 1 : 84 : 294 : 12. 4. The correlations of the content between soluble heavy metals in surface(0-15 cm depth) soil total heavy metals in brown rice was found to be order of Cd>Cu>Zn>Pb. The correlations of the content between soluble heavy metals in subsurface(20-30 cm depth) soil and total heavy metals in brown rice was found to be order of Cu>Cd>Zn>Pb.

A Study on the Heavy Metal Contents in Freshwater Fishes of the Mankyung River / 예방의학회지

This study was performed to investigate the heavy metal contents of freshwater fishes. The samples of 24 species were collected at 7 areas located on the Mankyung River during September in 1987. And then the contents of lead, cadmium, copper and zine were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. The mean value of lead, cadmium, and copper contents of fishes collected in the downstream were significantly higher than those of upstream. 2. The mean lead content of C. auratus was the highest 1.50+/-0.98 microgram/g in viscera and statistically significant difference from muscle content. 3. The mean cadmium content of C. auratus was the highest 0.087+/-0.054 microgram/g and significantly higher than that of muscle, skeleton and gill. 4. In the copper contents, the viscera of C. auratus was the highest 5.25+/-0.94 microgram/g and significantly higher than that of muscle, skeleton and gill. 5. The mean value of zinc content of C. auratus was shown the order of gill, skeleton, viscera and muscle.