Résumé
AbstractIn southern Brazil, the bottled latex of Synadenium grantii Hook f., Euphorbiaceae, is popularly used as a treatment of all types of cancer. Similarly, Synadenium umbellatum Pax. is used in the central western region of Brazil for the same purpose and in the same manner of use. Both plants are popularly known as janaúba or leitosinha. The objectives of this study were to use pharmacobotanical analysis to verify whether these two species, which are considered to be distinct, are actually the same to determine anatomical markers; to assist in the identification and differentiation of other Euphorbia; and to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of the latex in relation to HeLa and HRT-18 cells. Leaves and stems of the species were collected in Goiânia and Ponta Grossa and were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy techniques. The latex was also collected and analyzed in relation to its cytotoxic effect by employing MTT and NR techniques. The pharmacobotanical study of the specimens in both localities showed that they were the same species, namely Euphorbia umbellata (Pax) Bruyns, which is the scientific nomenclature accepted and confirmed by an expert taxonomist who specializes in Euphorbia. The pharmacobotanical characteristics highlighted in this study can assist in the identification of the taxon and contribute to the control of the quality of this plant drug. The evaluation of the latex in relation to HRT-18 cells demonstrated action after 48 h of experiment. In contrast, in relation to HeLa cells its induced cytotoxicity in all times and a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 values (72 h) observed were 252.58 ± 18.51 µg/ml and 263.42 ± 15.92 µg/ml to MTT experiment and 250.18 ± 19.48 µg/ml and 430.56 ± 19.71 µg/ml to NR experiment for the HeLa and HRT-18 cells, respectively.
Résumé
Dipteryx odorata (Aubl.) Willd. (Fabaceae) is known pulularly as cumaru. Its seeds are used by the population, for its therapeutic effects, given by the cumarina, today marketed for vascular and lymphatic disturbances and for the production of oils. Took place a morfo-anatomical study of seeds of six individuals this species through the morphologic characterization, determination of the weight of the fresh matter and of the dimensions of 100 seeds, besides courts traverse and longitudinal histological, being considered the tegument and the embryo. The seed is oblong, slightly compressed in the area of the hile. The seminal tegument presents thin and flat cuticle, macrosclerites, osteosclerites, internal mesophill and basal membrane. The embryo is constituted of two cotyledons and a linear embryonic axis, formed by plumule, epicotyl and rootlet.
Dipteryx odorata (Aubl.) Willd. (Fabaceae) é popularmente conhecida como cumaru. Suas sementes são utilizadas pela população, por seus efeitos terapêuticos, dados pela cumarina, hoje comercializada para distúrbios vasculares e linfáticos e pela produção de óleo. Realizou-se um estudo morfo-anatômico de sementes de seis indivíduos desta espécie através da caracterização morfológica, determinação do peso da matéria fresca e das dimensões de 100 sementes, além de cortes histológicos transversais e longitudinais, considerando-se o tegumento e o embrião. A semente é oblonga, levemente comprimida na região do hilo. O tegumento seminal apresenta cutícula delgada e lisa, macroesclereídeos, osteoesclereídeos, mesofilo interno e membrana basal. O embrião constitui-se de dois cotilédones e o eixo embrionário retilíneo, formado por plúmula, epicótilo e radícula.