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This paper systematically analyzed the ancient monographs of acupuncture and moxibustion and comprehensive medical books from pre-Qin to 1911， and extracted the data according to the etiology and pathogenesis， treatment principles and methods， acupoint selection， needling and moxibustion， and taboos of needling and moxibustion. The pathogenesis of migraine in ancient books and documents is summarized as "the causes are diverse， and phlegm-dampness is the majority". For treatment， the features include "needling has a sequence， and the root and the branch should be treated separately" and "focusing on tonifying deficiency and drain excess". It is also obtained of the rich ideas of acupoints selection， extensive application records of moxibustion， unique application of bloodletting therapy and clear explanation of acupuncture and moxibustion taboos. All mentioned above is expected to enrich the ideas and methods of modern migraine treatment and improve the clinical effects.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of acupuncture combined with Du-Moxibustion (ADM) on peripheral blood cell count and levels of immune factors in patients with occupational chronic benzene poisoning. Methods A total of 70 patients with occupational chronic benzene poisoning (leukopenia and neutropenia) were selected as the research subjects by judgement sampling method. They were randomly divided into a control group and an ADM group using a random number table method, with 35 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with conventional Western medicine such as leukocyte boosting and symptomatic treatment. While patients in the ADM group were treated with ADM treatment in addition to treatments of the control group, once per week for five consecutive weeks. Peripheral blood samples of patients were collected before and after treatment from both groups, to detect cell counts and serum levels of immune factors. Results The white blood cell count, red blood cell count, absolute lymphocyte count, absolute neutrophil count, platelet count, and levels of hemoglobin, immunoglobulins (Ig) A, IgM, IgG, complement C3 and complement C4 of patients in both groups improved after treatment compared with those before treatment (all P<0.05). The white blood cell count, levels of IgA, IgM, IgG, complement C3 and complement C4 of patients in the ADM group were higher than those in the control group after treatment (all P<0.05). Conclusion ADM treatment can increase peripheral blood white blood cells and serum levels of immune factor in patients with occupational chronic benzene poisoning (leukopenia, neutropenia), which helps improve patient recovery and can be promoted clinically.
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Objective:To investigate the characteristics of sleep disorders in patients with Alzheimer's disease and the intervention effect of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine.Methods:A total of 102 patients with Alzheimer's disease who had sleep disorders and received treatment at Huzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were included in the observation group. A total of 102 patients who concurrently received physical examination in the same hospital were included in the control group. Clinical consultation was performed to analyze the types and characteristics of sleep disorders in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The included patients with Alzheimer's diseae were divided into group A and group B using the random number table method, with 51 patients per group. Group A received routine western medicine intervention, while group B received traditional Chinese medicine intervention and routine western medicine intervention. The types of sleep disorders were observed in patients with Alzheimer's disease and older adult patients who undergo physical examination. The changes in traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score and sleep quality were evaluated in groups A and B.Results:The incidence rates of screaming, difficulty in falling asleep, excessive daytime sleepiness, nocturnal restlessness, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and fragmented sleep in the observation group were 13.73% (14/102), 58.82% (60/102), 49.02% (50/102), 49.02% (50/102), 24.51% (25/102) and 98.04% (100/102), respectively, which were significantly higher than 1.96% (2/102), 23.53% (24/102), 17.65% (18/102), 4.90% (5/102), 5.88%(6/102) and 50.98% (52/102), respectively in the control group ( χ2 = 9.76, 26.22, 22.58, 50.40, 13.73, 59.46, all P < 0.05). After intervention, the scores of insomnia, dizziness and tinnitus, mental confusion, and forgetfulness in group B were 1.0 (0.00, 1.00) point, 0.00 (0.00, 1.00) point, 0.00 (0.00, 1.00) point, and 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) point, respectively, which were significantly lower than (1.00, 2.00) points, 1.00 (1.00, 2.00) points, 1.00 (0.00, 1.00) points, and 1.00 (1.00, 2.00) points in group A ( Z = -1.86, -2.13, -2.36, -2.00, all P < 0.05). After intervention, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score and the Modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale score in Group B were (7.56 ± 1.93) points and (13.02 ± 2.06) points, respectively, which were significantly lower than (10.87 ± 2.21) points and (16.44 ± 2.87) points in group A ( t = 8.05, 6.91, both P < 0.001). Conclusion:The main characteristics of sleep disorders in patients with Alzheimer's disease include screaming, difficulty in falling asleep, excessive daytime sleepiness, nocturnal restlessness, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and fragmented sleep. Combined traditional Chinese and western medicine can alleviate clinical symptoms and improve sleep quality in patients with Alzheimer's disease who have sleep disorders.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of acupoint pressing acupuncture combined with moxibustion at Baihui acupoint on infantile cold and nasal obstruction caused by exogenous wind and cold. Methods:This study included a total of 120 children with exogenous wind and cold-induced infantile cold and nasal obstruction who were treated at the Jinhua Maternal & Child Health Care Hospital from February 2021 to May 2022. They were divided into three groups using a random number table method, namely the acupoint pressing acupuncture group, the moxibustion group, and the combined therapy group, each containing 40 children. Based on routine treatment, children in the acupoint pressing acupuncture group received acupoint ( Yintang, Shuangyingxiang, Shuangbitong) pressing acupuncture treatment, while those in the moxibustion group underwent mild moxibustion at Baihui acupoint, and those in the combined therapy group underwent acupoint ( Yintang, Shuangyingxiang, Shuangbitong) pressing acupuncture Baihui combined with mild moxibustion at Baihui acupoint. The clinical efficacy of each group was evaluated. At 2, 24, 48, and 72 hours after treatment, differences in nasal congestion symptom scores were compared among the three groups. Sleep quality was also compared among the three groups before and after treatment. Results:The response rate in the combined therapy group was 92.5% (37/40), which was significantly higher than 75% (30/40) in the acupoint pressing acupuncture group and 65% (26/40) in the moxibustion group ( χ2 = 4.50, 9.04, both P < 0.05). At 2, 24, 48, and 72 hours after treatment, the nasal congestion symptom score in the combined therapy group was (2.05 ± 0.55) points, (1.80 ± 0.64) points, (1.33 ± 0.59) points, and (0.90 ± 0.18) points, respectively, while it was (2.43 ± 0.59) points, (2.15 ± 0.57) points, (1.73 ± 0.84) points, and (1.18 ± 0.80) points, respectively, in the acupoint pressing acupuncture group, and (2.50 ± 0.59) points, (2.13 ± 0.78) points, (1.88 ± 0.81) points, and (1.45 ± 0.81) points, respectively, in the moxibustion group. At the above-mentioned time points, the nasal congestion symptom score was statistically significant among the three groups ( F = 3.15, 9.27, 16.17, 20.22, all P < 0.05). After treatment, daytime sleep duration and nocturnal sleep duration in the combined therapy group were (3.41 ± 0.31) hours and (12.36 ± 1.17) hours, respectively, which were significantly longer than (2.95 ± 1.07) hours and (11.33 ± 1.38) hours in the acupoint pressing acupuncture group and (2.93 ± 0.98) hours and (11.21 ± 1.93) hours in the moxibustion group ( F = 6.37, 12.31, both P < 0.05). Nocturnal wake time, the number of night wakings, and sleep onset time in the combined therapy group were (18.74 ± 2.21) minutes, (1.64 ± 0.18) times, and (15.43 ± 2.03) minutes, respectively, which were significantly shorter or less than (21.13 ± 3.78) minutes, (2.15 ± 0.66) times, and (17.63 ± 5.24) minutes in the acupoint pressing acupuncture group, and (20.53 ± 2.90) minutes, (2.11 ± 0.32) times, and (17.22 ± 2.88) minutes in the moxibustion group ( F = 15.93, 15.36, 10.11, all P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in sleep quality score among the three groups ( F = 23.45, P < 0.05). Conclusion:The combination of acupoint pressing acupuncture and moxibustion at Baihui acupoint is highly effective against infantile cold and nasal obstruction caused by exogenous wind and cold. The combined therapy can alleviate the symptoms of nasal congestion in children and improve sleep quality.
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Objective:To evaluate the effect of five-element acupuncture on clinical symptoms, brain metabolism and immunoglobulin level in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.Methods:It was a randomized controlled trial. A total of 94 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome in our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method, with 47 in each group. The conventional western medicine group was treated with conventional western medicine, and the five-element acupuncture group was treated with five-element acupuncture on the basis of the conventional western medicine group. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. Before and after treatment, the serum levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), corticosterone (CORT), IL-2 and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were detected by ELISA; the levels of natural killer (NK) cells, CD4 +, CD8 +, IgG and IgM were detected by flow cytometry; the whole body superconducting MRI scanner was used to scan T2 Flair, T2WI and TlWI sequences of the hippocampus, and the spectral curves and the areas under the peak of N-acetylaspartic acid (NAA), creatine (Cr) and choline (Cho) were obtained, and the ratios of Cho/Cr and NAA/Cr were calculated. the fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14) and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) were used to evaluate the fatigue state of the patients, and the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used to evaluate the anxiety state of the patients. Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Somatic and Mental Health Report Score (SPHERE) were used to evaluate the quality of life of patients. And the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results:After treatment, the levels of IgG, CD4 + and NK in the five-element acupuncture group were significantly higher than those in the conventional western medicine group ( t values were 4.76, 3.65, 6.42, respectively, P<0.01), and the level of IgM, CD8 + was significantly lower than that in the conventional western medicine group ( t values were 7.30, 4.79, P<0.01); the levels of IFN-γ, IL-2 and 5-HT in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the conventional western medicine group ( t values were 7.60, 4.05, 2.79, respectively, respectively, P<0.01), and the level of CORT was significantly lower than that in the conventional western medicine group ( t=6.72, P<0.01); the NAA/Cr levels in the left [(1.10±0.04) vs. (1.05±0.03), t=6.86] and right [(1.18±0.02) vs. (1.21±0.03), t=8.23] hippocampus of the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the conventional western medicine group ( P<0.01), and the Cho/Cr levels in the left [(1.08±0.04) vs. (1.03±0.03), t=5.70] and right [(1.17±0.02) vs. (1.20±0.03), t=5.71] hippocampus of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the conventional western medicine group ( P<0.01). After treatment, the scores of physical fatigue, mental fatigue and FSS in the five-element acupuncture group were significantly lower than those in the conventional western medicine group ( t values were 8.08, 9.08 and 7.07, respectively, P<0.01). The scores of DASS-21, BAI, SCL-90 and SPHERE in the conventional western medicine group were significantly lower than those in the conventional western medicine group ( t values were 3.63, 5.77, 8.74, 5.92, respectively, P<0.01).The total effective rate was 95.74% (45/47) in the five-element acupuncture group and 82.98% (39/47) in the conventional western medicine group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=2.80, P=0.094). Conclusion:Five-elements acupuncture can improve the expression of T lymphocytes, increase the levels of immunoglobulin and NK, reduce the level of CORT, regulate the brain metabolism of NAA in the left and right hippocampus, improve the clinical symptoms and negative emotions, and improve the clinical efficacy and quality of life in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.
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By exploring the core ideas of the "Xingnao Kaiqiao" theory, analyzing the relationship between the "Xingnao Kaiqiao" theory and the TCM encephalopathy, and exploring the necessity of acupuncture for the treatment of TCM encephalopathy, in order to clarify how to diagnose and treat brain diseases in acupuncture and moxibustion. The "Xingnao Kaiqiao" is the core of the theory of the "Tiaoshen", the acupuncture of "Xingnao Kaiqiao" was based on the principle of "Xingnao","Xingshen" and "Tiaoshen", the idea of the "Tiaoshen" was inseparable from the diagnosis and treatment of the TCM encephalopathy. Based on the special features of acupuncture therapy and complexity and particularity of TCM encephalopathy, acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of encephalopathy was supposed to have their own unique system of syndrome differentiation and treatment. During the practice of acupuncture, the diagnosis and treatment of TCM encephalopathy should be based on "brain", "Xingnao Tiaoshen" as a general rule, adding and subtracting from the main points of the "Xingnao Kaiqiao", and the different brain diseases are matched with appropriate treatments.
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Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of heat-sensitive moxibustion combined with kneading and massage manipulation at pain points in treating patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and chronic low back pain (LBP).Methods:Randomized controlled trial. A total of 91 patients with LDH and LBP who were admitted to Lu'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the observation subjects. They were divided into the experimental group (46 cases) and the control group (45 cases) by random number table method. The control group was treated with conventional massage manipulation, while the experimental group was treated with heat-sensitive moxibustion combined with kneading and massage manipulation at pain points. Both groups received 4 weeks of continuous treatment. The degree of lumbar pain was evaluated with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the degree of lumbar dysfunction was evaluated with modified Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Plasma viscosity, hematocrit, whole blood low shear viscosity and whole blood high shear viscosity were measured using a blood rheometer. Clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:The total clinical effective rates in the experimental group and the control group were 93.48% (43/46) and 77.78% (35/45), with a statistical significance between groups ( χ2=4.58, P=0.032). After treatment, the VAS score [(3.81±0.74) vs. (4.29±0.85), t=2.88] and ODI score [(8.79±2.65) vs. (11.25±3.74), t=3.63] of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group ( P<0.01). Plasma viscosity [(1.35±0.06) mPa?s vs. (1.41±0.08) mPa?s, t=4.05], hematocrit [(37.46±2.38)% vs. (40.15±2.94)%, t=4.80], whole blood low shear viscosity [(7.41±1.53) mPa?s vs. (8.64±1.72) mPa?s, t=3.61] and whole blood high shear viscosity [(3.81±0.29) mPa?s vs. (4.07±0.31) mPa?s, t=4.13] were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Heat-sensitive moxibustion combined with kneading and massage manipulation at pain points can effectively relieve LBP in patients with LDH and chronic LBP, improve lumbar dysfunction and hemodynamic status, and enhance clinical efficacy.
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Objective:To explore the therapeutic law of moxibustion in Professor Zhou Meisheng's medical manuscripts for epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF) based on data mining and knowledge map technology.Methods:The manuscript data of Professor Zhou Meisheng's moxibustion treatment of EHFwere collected from Infectious Diseases Department of Dangshan County People's Hospital from December 16, 1985 to December 25, 1987. Graphpad Grism 8.0 software was used for descriptive analysis. PHP 5.4 program code was used for association rule analysis. SPSS Statistics 26.0 was used for clustering analysis. Neo4j Community 3.5.25 database was used to analyze the syndrome-weight graph.Results:205 prescriptions were included. There were 21 symptoms with frequency>40, in which the frequency of aversion to cold, fever, rash and irritability was 100%. The main types of moxibustion methods used in the treatment included moxibustion frame fumigation moxibustion, Wanying acupoint moxibustion pen moxibustion, and fire needle instead of moxibustion. There were 29 acupoints with a frequency of >25, including Zhongwan (CV12), Shenshu (BL23) and Mingmen (DU4), etc. Association rules showed that Sanyinjiao (SP6)-Zhongwan (CV12)-Feishu (BL13)-Shenshu (BL23)-Zhiyang (DU9) had the highest correlation. Six effective clustering combinations of moxibustion for EHF were summarized by clustering analysis. The weight graph can obtained the first 30 relationships with high correlation of target syndromes.Conclusions:Professor Zhou applied the idea of "moxibustion for heat syndrome" to the treatment of EHF, and took the method of "acupoint selection according to symptoms" as the main acupoint selection idea for moxibustion treatment of EHF. In clinical practice, moxibustion combined with auxiliary operation of TCM is often used to treat EHF, which can achieve good results.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Qigui Tongluo Oral Liquid(a hospital preparation developed by Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital and being composed of Astragali Radix,Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Paeoniae Radix Rubra,Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix,Spatholobi Caulis,Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Pheretima,etc.)combined with moxibustion for the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS)of qi deficiency and blood stasis type on the basis of qi-collateral theory.Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 60 CFS patients with qi deficiency and blood stasis type.The patients were divided into an observation group and a control group,with 30 patients in each group according to the therapy.The control group was treated with mild moxibustion on Shenque(CV8)point with moxa sticks,and the observation group was treated with Qigui Tongluo Oral Liquid on the basis of treatment for the control group.The course of treatment lasted for 4 weeks.The changes of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,Fatigue Scale-14(FS-14)scores,serum immunoglobulin IgA,IgM,IgG levels,and cortisol(COR)level in the two groups were observed before and after the treatment.After treatment,the clinical efficacy and safety of the two groups were evaluated.Results(1)After 4 weeks of treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 96.67%(29/30),and that of the control group was 80.00%(24/30).The intergroup comparison showed that the clinical efficacy of the observation group was significantly superior to that of the control group(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the TCM syndrome scores and FS-14 scores of patients in the two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.01),and the effect on decreasing TCM syndrome scores and FS-14 scores in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).(3)After treatment,the serum IgA and IgG levels of the two groups as well as the serum IgM and COR levels of the observation group were significantly increased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.01),and the effect of the observation group on increasing serum IgA,IgM,IgG,and COR levels was significantly superior to that of the control group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(4)During the treatment,there were no significant adverse reactions occurring in the two groups.Conclusion Healthy-qi deficiency and collateral obstruction contribute to the core pathogenesis of CFS.Based on the TCM qi-collateral theory and following the therapeutic principle of replenishing deficiency and unblocking collaterals,Qigui Tongluo Oral Liquid combined with moxibustion for the treatment of CFS patients with qi deficiency and blood stasis type can achieve certain efficacy.The combined therapy could significantly alleviate the clinical symptoms,improve the immunity level,and regulate the neuro-endocrine-immune(NEI)network of the patients.
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Objective To observe the effects of abdominal penetrating moxibustion combined with acupuncture at the"four chong points"on balance,walking function and trunk control in patients recovering from stroke.Methods Seventy-eight patients recovering from stroke were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,with 39 patients in each group.The control group was given conventional rehabilitation exercises,while the observation group was given abdominal penetrating moxibustion combined with acupuncture at the"four chong points"on the basis of the control group.Both groups were treated for 2 consecutive months.After 2 months of treatment,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated,and the changes in the Berg Scale score and the Timed Up and Go Test(TUGT)were observed before and after treatment.The changes in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)scores were compared before and after treatment between the two groups.The Sheikh Trunk Control Scale scores were also evaluated.Results(1)The total effective rate of the observation group was 94.87%(37/39),and the total effective rate of the control group was 80.00%(31/39),and the efficacy of the observation group was superior to that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the Berg scores of the patients in the two groups were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the Berg scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(3)After treatment,the TUGT time and NIHSS score of patients in the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.05),and the TUGT time of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group,and the NIHSS score was lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(4)After treatment,the Sheikh trunk control scores of the two groups were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the Sheikh trunk control score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Abdominal penetrating moxibustion method combined with acupuncture at the four chong points for the treatment of stroke recovery can effectively restore the patients'balance and walking function,improve the patients'trunk control ability,and the therapeutic effect is precise.
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Objective To analyze the selection rules and characteristics of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of temporomandibular disorder(TMD)based on data mining techniques.Methods Computerized search of major databases such as CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,and CBM from January 2002 to June 2022.After screening and standardized treatment of acupuncture prescriptions,data analysis was performed to explore the selection and characteristics of core acupoints.Results A total of 92 papers were included,and 108 valid prescriptions and 36 acupuncture points were extracted with a total frequency of 555 times.Among them,11 high-frequency acupoints in the top 10 of the total frequency were used,including Xiaguan(ST7),Hegu(LI4),Jiache(ST6),Tinggong(SI19),Yifeng(SJ17),Ashi,Zusanli(ST36),Quanliao(SI18),Shangguan(GB3),Fengchi(GB20),Tinghui(GB2),with a total of 481 times,accounting for 85.79%of the total frequency.The association rules showed a very strong correlation and co-occurrence between Xiaguan(ST7),Hegu(LI4),Jiache(ST6),Tinggong(SI19),and the cluster analysis yielded 4 core clusters.Conclusion Acupuncture and moxibustion for treatment of this disease mainly follows the principle of"the main treatment should reach where the meridians pass",and the core combination of selected points is:Xiaguan(ST7)-Hegu(LI4)-Jiache(ST6)-Tinggong(SI19).
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Lingnan Traditional Vesiculating Moxibustion No.4 Recipe(mainly composed of Brassicae Junceae Semen,Euodiae Fructus,and Curcumae Radix)in the treatment of mild depressive disorder(DD),and to provide a novel approach to the treatment of mild DD population.Methods Sixty-one patients with mild DD were randomly divided into 31 cases in the trial group and 30 cases in the control group.The trial group was given medicinal vesiculation treatment with Lingnan Traditional Vesiculating Moxibustion No.4 Recipe,and the control group was given medicinal vesiculation treatment with the placebo of Lingnan Traditional Vesiculating Moxibustion No.4 Recipe.The treatment was performed twice a week and with an interval of 3-4 days between the treatment,and the course of treatment covered 6 weeks.The changes of Hamilton Depression Scale-17(HAMD-17)scores and Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)scores in the two groups were observed before and after the treatment.After treatment,the clinical efficacy and safety of the patients in the two groups were evaluated.Results(1)After 6 weeks of treatment,the total efficacy rate of the trial group was 77.42%(24/31),and that of the control group was 26.67%(8/30).The intergroup comparison(tested by rank sum test)showed that the efficacy of the trial group was significantly superior to that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01).(2)After treatment,the HAMD-17 scores and PHQ-9 scores of patients in the two groups were lower than those before treatment(P＜0.01),and the decrease of HAMD-17 and PHQ-9 scores in the trial group was significantly superior to that of the control group,the difference being statistically significant(P＜0.01).(3)During the trial,there were 5 cases of adverse events related to the vesiculating moxibustion treatment,and all 5 cases of adverse events occurred in the trial group,manifested as minor blisters at the acupoint application region.The 5 cases kept on participating in the trial after relevant treatment.Conclusion Lingnan Traditional Vesiculating Moxibustion No.4 Recipe can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms of patients with mild DD,and has high safety.
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BACKGROUND:The repair process of skin trauma is complex and susceptible to infection,easy to lead to poor healing,is the current difficulty and hot spot in wound repair research,and has received extensive attention in the fields of traditional Chinese medicine and tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of moxibustion and reduced graphene oxide/cerium oxide nanocomposite on promoting the healing of infectious wounds. METHODS:(1)Reduced graphene oxide/cerium dioxide nanocomposites with mass ratios of 2:1,1:1 and 1:2 were synthesized by hydrothermal method.The resulting composites were recorded as G2C1,G1C1 and G1C2,respectively.The photothermal properties,cytotoxicity and antibacterial properties of the three kinds of materials were tested.After taking moxa sticks,three kinds of moxibustion distances were set(3.0-3.5 cm,recorded as moxibustion 1;2.5-3.0 cm,recorded as moxibustion 2;2.0-2.5 cm,recorded as moxibustion 3).Moxibustion was applied to the surface of human skin for 10 minutes to detect the photothermal properties.The antibacterial properties of moxibustion were tested at three different distance intervals.Simultaneously,the back body surface infrared imaging of rats with different mass concentrations of G1C1 material,moxibustion(three kinds of moxibustion distances)and moxibustion 2+G1C1 material was detected.(2)Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were selected to model the wound of Staphylococcus aureus infection.48 hours later,they were randomly divided into 10 groups with 6 rats in each group:control group(did not receive any treatment),mupirocin group,moxibustion 2+G1C1 group,moxibustion 1 group,moxibustion 2 group,moxibustion 3 group and 60,80,100,and 120 μg/mL G1C1 groups(The G1C1 group was given 808 nm near-infrared laser irradiation for 10 min/time,and the G1C1 suspension was loaded on the wound surface before each treatment.Each group of moxibustion underwent in-situ suspension moxibustion,and the intervention time was 10 min/time.Moxibustion 2+G1C1 group was loaded with G1C1 suspension on the wound surface before each treatment,and moxibustion was suspended in situ with moxa strips,and the intervention time was 10 min/time).The frequency of treatment was 2 days once.Wound healing,wound colony count and repair were detected after 7 days of intervention. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The three kinds of reduced graphene oxide/cerium dioxide nanocomposites had good photothermal properties,and the higher the mass concentration of the composites,the better the photothermal properties.The temperature of the moxibustion 2 group reached 47.6 ℃for 10 minutes without causing thermal damage,which was more suitable for animal experiments.The results of co-culture with NIH-3T3 cells exhibited that 60,80,and 100 μg/mL G1C1 had good biocompatibility.The results of a co-culture experiment with Staphylococcus aureus suspension displayed that G2C1,G1C1 and G1C2 had good antibacterial activity,among which G1C1 group demonstrated excellent antibacterial performance,and the antibacterial rate reached 100％when its mass concentration was 80 μg/mL.60-120 μg/mL G1C1 could effectively remove Staphylococcus aureus biofilm,and the higher the material mass concentration,the better the removal effect.Moxibustion could also effectively remove Staphylococcus aureus biofilm,and the closer the moxibustion was,the better the removal effect.(2)Compared with the control group,the wound area of the mupirocin group,moxibustion 2 group,moxibustion 2+G1C1 group and 80,100 μg/mL G1C1 groups was significantly reduced on day 7 of treatment,and the quality of wound repair was better.Mupirocin,G1C1,moxibustion and moxibustion 2+G1C1 could effectively remove the residual bacteria on the wound surface,and the higher the mass concentration of G1C1,the lower the residual bacteria.Among them,the wound repair efficiency and bacterial residue of 80 μg/mL G1C1 group and moxibustion 2 group were very similar,and the wound repair efficiency of both was better than that of mupirocin group.In addition,it was also observed that the combination of materials and moxibustion had a better ability to clear wound bacteria than that used alone.(3)The results confirm that moxibustion,reduced graphene oxide/cerium dioxide nanocomposites and their combination have good anti-infection and wound healing effects.
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BACKGROUND:Pretreatment with moxibustion is a preventive treatment in traditional Chinese medicine.Pretreatment with moxibustion at the onset of prodromal symptoms can significantly reduce the symptoms and delay the onset of many diseases,but the exact mechanism remains to be studied. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism of SIRT1/FoxO3 pathway in moxibustion pretreatment to ameliorate oxidative stress injury in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model rats. METHODS:Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group,model group,moxibustion pretreatment group,and moxibustion pretreatment+EX527(SIRT1 inhibitor)group,with 12 rats in each group.The moxibustion pretreatment group was given moxibustion with seed-sized moxa cone at Baihui,Dazhui,and Zusanli before modeling,three moxa-cones per acupoint,once a day for 7 days.In the model group,moxibustion pretreatment group and moxibustion pretreatment+EX527 group,the rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion was made by suturing of the middle cerebral artery 30 minutes after the last moxibustion.After 2 hours of cerebral ischemia,the middle artery suture was removed and the rats were reperfused for 12 hours.In the sham-operated group,only the common carotid artery,internal carotid artery,and external carotid artery were dissected without suturing the middle cerebral artery.In the moxibustion pretreatment+EX527 group,EX527(15 mg/kg)was given intraperitoneally 30 minutes before each moxibustion.After 12 hours of reperfusion,the rats were scored for neurological deficits,and the cerebral infarct volume was calculated by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining method.The levels of oxidative stress factors in the infarcted tissues were detected by the kit method,and western-blot method was used to detect the expression levels of SIRT1,FoxO3,p-FoxO3 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the ischemic area of the cerebral cortex. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 12 hours of reperfusion,the neurobehavioral score in the model group was significantly higher than that in the sham-operated group(P＜0.01),while the score in the moxibustion pretreatment group was significantly lower than that in the model group(P＜0.01)and moxibustion pretreatment+EX527 group(P＜0.05).There were no obvious infarct foci in the brain tissue of the sham-operated rats,but obvious ischemic foci were observed in the right side of the brain tissue of the rats in the model group(P＜0.01).The right infarct volume in the moxibustion pretreatment group was significantly reduced compared with the model group(P＜0.01),while the right infarct volume in the moxibustion pretreatment+EX527 group was significantly enlarged compared with the moxibustion pretreatment group.After 12 hours of reperfusion,the level of malondialdehyde was significantly elevated(P＜0.01)and the expression of superoxide dismutase was significantly decreased(P＜0.01)in the model group compared with the sham-operated group.The levels of malondialdehyde was significantly decreased(P＜0.01,P＜0.05)and the expression of superoxide dismutase was significantly increased(P＜0.01,P＜0.05)in the moxibustion pretreatment group compared with the model group and the moxibustion pretreatment+EX527 group.Western blot results showed that the expression levels of SIRT1,FoxO3,p-FoxO3,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor proteins were significantly higher in the model group compared with the sham-operated group(P＜0.01);compared with the model group,the expression levels of SIRT1,FoxO3,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor were significantly higher in the moxibustion pretreatment group(P＜0.01),and p-FoxO3 expression was significantly lower(P＜0.01);compared with the moxibustion pretreatment+EX527 group,the expression levels of SIRT1,FoxO3,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor were elevated in the moxibustion pretreatment group(P＜0.05),and no statistically significant difference was found in the p-FoxO3 expression(P＞0.05).To conclude,moxibustion pretreatment can significantly improve neurological function in rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,and the mechanism may be related to the activation of SIRT1/FoxO3 pathway to reduce oxidative stress injury in the rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.
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BACKGROUND:Current studies have shown that electronic moxibustion can improve memory function in amnestic mild cognitive impairment;however,its mechanism of action needs to be further investigated.The atrophy of hippocampal volume and impairment of functional connectivity are important imaging markers of amnestic mild cognitive impairment.Whether electronic moxibustion can regulate the volume of hippocampal subregion of partients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment is worth studying. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of electronic moxibustion on the volume of hippocampal subregions in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. METHODS:Forty patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment were recruited from April 1,2018 to January 31,2019 at the community service centers around the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University(Baoan Hospital of Southern Medical University),Shenzhen,China.They were randomly divided into treatment group(n=20)and control group(n=20).The treatment group was treated with electronic moxibustion of regulating the mind and benefiting the intelligence,while the control group was treated with placebo moxibustion.Moxibustion was given at 45 oC,20 minutes each time,once a day,5 times a week,for 8 weeks in total.Memory evaluation using Rivermead behavioral memory test and magnetic resonance imaging scanning for detecting the hippocampal subregion volume were performed for each patient before and after treatment,and cognitive function of each patient was assessed using Montreal cognitive assessment and mini-mental state examination.Correlation of hippocampal subregion volumes with scores on each scale was analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After treatment,the volumes of the left parasubiculum and the left hippocampal-amygdala migrating area increased in the treatment group but decreased in the control group,and there was a significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).Compared with the pre-treatment data,the Rivermead behavioral memory test,Montreal cognitive assessment,and mini-mental state examination scores were significantly higher in the treatment group after treatment(P＜0.05),while there was no significant change in the three scale scores in the control group after treatment(P＞0.05).The three scale scores were higher in the treatment group than in the control group after treatment(P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the changes in the volume of the left parasubiculum was significantly and positively correlated with the Rivermead behavioral memory test scale score in the treatment group(r=0.418,P=0.014).To conclude,electronic moxibustion can improve memory in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment,and the mechanism may be the regulation of structural plasticity in hippocampal subregions.
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BACKGROUND:Warm-needling moxibustion can effectively treat knee osteoarthritis.Degeneration,injury and fracture of the anterior cruciate ligament can affect the local stability of the knee joint,and then induce the formation of knee osteoarthritis.Whether warm-needling moxibustion can repair the injured cruciate ligament and the mechanism of action are still unclear. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of warm-needling moxibustion on the morphology of the anterior cruciate ligament and the expression of insulin growth factor-1 and transforming growth factor-β in rabbits with knee osteoarthritis and to clarify the mechanism of anterior cruciate ligament repair by warm-needling moxibustion. METHODS:Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into blank group,model group and warm-needling moxibustion group,with 10 rabbits in each group.Knee osteoarthritis model was established by plaster cast immobilization.The blank group was not intervened.Rabbits in the model group rabbits were fixed in a rabbit holder for 15 minutes every day.The warm-needling moxibustion group was treated with warm acupuncture,once a day,7 days as a course of treatment,a total of two courses.After treatment,the imaging changes of the anterior cruciate ligament were observed by MRI and MRI grading statistics were performed.Morphological changes of the anterior cruciate ligament were observed by transmission electron microscope and hematoxylin-eosin staining.mRNA and protein expressions of insulin growth factor-1 and transforming growth factor-β were detected by RT-PCR and western blot,respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:MRI examination:Compared with the blank control group,the anterior cruciate ligament in the model group was thickened,edematous,and partially torn,and the difference in grading statistics was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the anterior cruciate ligament in the warm-needling moxibustion group was slightly thickened,with mild edema and no tearing,and the difference in grading statistics was statistically significant(P＜0.05).General observation:In the model group,the surface of the anterior cruciate ligament was glossy and faded,with the edge being covered with flocculent periosteum and obvious tissue necrosis;in the warm-needling moxibustion group,the surface of the ligament was glossy,and the ligament was in a normal helical shape.Hematoxylin-eosin staining:In the model group,there was obvious tissue necrosis in the anterior cruciate ligament,a large number of new capillaries,loosely arranged fibroblasts and collagen fibers.In the warm-needling moxibustion group,there was a small amount of tissue necrosis and few new vessels in the anterior cruciate ligament,and the cells and collagen fibers were loosely and irregularly arranged.Transmission electron microscopy:In the model group,the fibers in the anterior cruciate ligament were arranged in a disordered way with uneven thickness and distribution,and there are more fibroblasts that were irregular in morphology;in the warm acupuncture group,the fibers were basically arranged longitudinally,with uneven thickness and distribution,and a small number of oval-shaped fibroblasts were observed.RT-PCR and western blot assay:mRNA and protein expressions of insulin growth factor-1 and transforming growth factor-β were significantly decreased in the model group compared with the blank control group(P＜0.05),but significant increased after treatment with warm-needling moxibustion(P＜0.05).To conclude,warm-needling moxibustion can alleviate anterior cruciate ligament injury and regulate the expression of insulin growth factor-1 and transforming growth factor-β to treat knee osteoarthritis.
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BACKGROUND:It was found that moxibustion can inhibit the inflammatory factors in the serum of rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury,resist oxidative stress,inhibit cell apoptosis,and effectively reduce cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of different moxibustion intervention time on the expression levels of nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like protein 3 inflammasome(NLRP3),cysteine aspartase(caspase-1),apoptosis-related speck-like protein,exfoliatin-D protein,interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury,and to explore its action mechanism. METHODS:SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(n=9)and operation group(n=36).The model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion in the operation group.After successful modeling,the rats in the operation group were further divided into model group,moxibustion 10-minute group,moxibustion 15-minute group and moxibustion 30-minute group,with 9 rats in each group.Rats in the moxibustion 10-minute,15-minute and 30-minute groups were given moxibustion at"Baihui,Dazhui and Zusanli",respectively,once a day for a total of 7 days.The neurological deficits of rats were evaluated by LONGA method.The cerebral infarction was observed by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining.The pathological changes of brain tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.The contents of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 in serum of rats in each group were detected by ELISA.Immunohistochemistry and western blot assay were used to detect the expression levels of NLRP3,caspase-1,apoptosis-related spot-like protein and gasdermin D in the ischemic cortex of rats in each group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the sham operation group,the neurological deficit score of the model group was significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the neurological deficit score of the moxibustion groups was significantly reduced(P<0.01).Compared with the sham operation group,the infarct volume of the model group was significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the infarct volume of the moxibustion groups was significantly reduced(P<0.01);the infarct volume of the rats was smallest in the moxibustion 30-minute group(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the contents of inflammatory factors interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 in the serum of rats in the moxibustion groups were decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the moxibustion 10-minute group,the contents of inflammatory factors in the serum of rats in the moxibustion 30-minute group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the expression of NLRP3,apoptosis-related spot-like protein,Caspase-1 and gasdermin D protein in the ischemic cortex of the moxibustion groups was significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the moxibustion 10-minute and 15-minute groups,the expression of protein in the moxibustion 30-minute group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).It is concluded that moxibustion at Baihui,Dazhui and Zusanli can reduce cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury,among which moxibustion for 30 minutes has the best effect,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of pyroptosis mediated by NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway.
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BACKGROUND:In the research on acupuncture treatment for lumbar disc herniation,most acupuncture treatments are performed under CT guidance or without guidance.The precise control of the target site and the effective acupuncture location are not clear. OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical effects of acupuncture at Jiaji points under ultrasonic guidance in treating lumbar disc herniation. METHODS:A total of 70 cases of lumbar disc herniation,36 males and 34 females aged 18-65 years old,were selected from Chinese PLA General Hospital and Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.They were divided into trial group and control group by random number table method,with 35 cases in each group.The control group received acupuncture at Jiaji points.The trial group received acupuncture at Jiaji points under ultrasonic guidance.The patients were treated once on the day of treatment and 4,7 days after treatment.Visual analog scale score,Oswestry disability index,Japanese Orthopaedic Association score,and MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey(SF-36)were evaluated before and after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with before treatment,the visual analog scale scores of both groups were decreased after treatment(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the visual analog scale scores of the trial group were decreased on days 2,3,6,7 of treatment and 1,2 weeks after the end of treatment(P<0.05,P<0.01).(2)Compared with before treatment,Oswestry disability index after treatment was decreased in both groups(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,Oswestry disability index of the trial group was decreased from days 1 to 7 of treatment and 1,2 weeks after treatment(P<0.01).(3)Compared with before treatment,the Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores of both groups were increased after treatment(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores of the trial group were increased on days 3,7 of treatment and 1,2 weeks after treatment(P<0.05,P<0.01).(4)Compared with before treatment,SF-36 scores in both groups were increased after treatment(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in SF-36 scores between the two groups after treatment(P>0.05).(5)These results show that acupuncture at Jiaji points has curative effect on lumbar disc herniation,and ultrasonic guidance could improve the clinical curative effect of acupuncture at Jiaji points for lumbar disc herniation.
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To develop a new type of moxibustion treatment equipment based on moxibustion heat,light and smoke factors.It was composed of three parts:upper cylinder,middle cylinder and lower cylinder,which integrated multiple functions such as temperature control,ash collection,adsorption,and anti-scalding,and all parts could be disassembled.It is convenient to use,convenient for clinical treatment and health care,can overcome the problem of not being able to adjust the temperature of moxibustion therapy and easy to burn in the process of moxibustion,reduce the irritation and pollution of moxa smoke smell and smoke dust on doctors,patients and the diagnosis and treatment environment,and make moxibustion therapy more convenient,efficient and safe.
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Objective To analyze the acupoint compatibility law and the application characteristics of acupuncture moxibustion treatment for depression based on complex network technology;To provide a basis and ideas for formulating prescriptions of acupuncture antidepressant therapy.Methods Related clinical literature about acupuncture for the treatment of depression was retrieved from CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,and Web of Science from the establishment of the databases to 21st,Sep.2022.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the literature was screened,and the clinical literature database of acupuncture in anti-depression was established.Excel 2010 was used for frequency analysis of acupoints.SPSS Modeler 18.0 was used for association rule analysis,and Gephi 0.9.5 was used for complex network analysis.Results Totally 579 articles were included,involving 172 acupoints,with a total frequency of 3 222.The results of descriptive analysis showed that the main meridians of acupoints were Governor Vessel,bladder meridian and liver meridian,and the specific acupoints such as Yuan-primary point,Shu-stream point,Back-shu point,Luo-connecting point,Eight confluence points,Front-mu point,He-sea point were frequently used.Association rules analysis showed that the combination of the highest correlation acupoints were"Yintang(GV29)-Baihui(GV20)".Through the complex network k-core analytic hierarchy process and community analysis,two core acupoint groups were finally obtained.The acupuncture angle,depth and direction were based on safety and meridian circulation direction,the tonifying and reducing method was based on syndrome differentiation,and the prescription was based on syndrome differentiation and symptomatic selection.Conclusion Acupuncture for depression has the following characteristics:the principle of acupoint selection is based on meridian selection and specific acupoints,the selection of core acupoints focuses on the treatment of spirit and the regulation of viscera,channels and functions,and the emphasis on syndrome differentiation and symptomatic acupoint selection in clinical treatment.While,it was important to pay more attention to the specificity of acupuncture and moxibustion.