Résumé
Fundamento el incremento de la esperanza de vida viene aparejado con la necesidad del adulto mayor de desenvolverse en su medio y garantizar una longevidad plena. Objetivo determinar la efectividad de la peloideterapia en adultos mayores con osteoartrosis de rodilla. Métodos se realizó un estudio de intervención, cuasi experimental, en 30 pacientes con osteoartrosis de rodilla, seleccionados mediante aleatorización simple, quienes fueron atendidos en el área de salud de Yaguaramas (Abreus, Cienfuegos), en el período comprendido entre marzo y junio de 2021. Se realizó una encuesta general. La evolución del dolor se determinó mediante la escala de Likert, y la limitación articular se analizó mediante la medición del arco articular de la rodilla con el goniómetro. Resultados predominaron los pacientes del grupo de edades de 66-70 años y del sexo femenino; con tiempo de evolución entre 5-10 años (60 %); y con ambas rodillas afectadas (56,7%). Los principales signos y síntomas fueron el dolor (100 %) y la limitación del movimiento articular (93,3 %), los cuales disminuyeron tras el tratamiento. El 53,3 % refirió dolor ligero antes del tratamiento; después del tratamiento el 83,3 % describió ausencia de dolor. El 76,7 % de los pacientes manifestó limitación en la flexión de la rodilla, que después del tratamiento disminuyó a 13,3 %. Conclusiones la peloideterapia influye positivamente en los adultos mayores con osteoartrosis de rodilla, al mejorar su estado funcional e independencia personal, además de reducir las demandas de servicios médicos.
Background the increase in life expectancy is coupled with the elderly's need to function in its media and guarantee full longevity. Objective to determine the effectiveness of peloidtherapy in older adults with osteoarthritis of the knee. Method a quasi-experimental intervention study was carried out in 30 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee, selected by simple randomization, who were treated in the health area of Yaguaramas (Abreus, Cienfuegos), between March and June of 2021. A general survey was carried out. The evolution of pain was determined using the Likert scale, and joint limitation was analyzed by measuring the knee joint arc with the goniometer. Results there was a predominance of patients in the age group of 66-70 years old and of the female sex; with evolution time between 5-10 years (60%); and with both knees affected (56.7%). The main signs and symptoms were pain (100%) and limitation of joint movement (93.3%), which decreased after treatment. 53.3% reported light pain before treatment; after treatment, 83.3% described absence of pain. 76.7% of the patients manifested limitation in knee flexion, which after treatment decreased to 13.3%. Conclusions peloidtherapy has a positive influence on older adults with osteoarthritis of the knee, by improving their functional status and personal independence, as well as reducing the demands for medical services.
Résumé
A 48‑year‑old married woman diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in 2007, came to our hospital in July 2014 with the complaint of severe pain and swelling over multiple joints, especially over small joints, which was associated with stiffness (more in morning), deformities of fingers and toes, with disturbed sleep and poor quality of life (QOL) for the past 7 years. She received a combination of electro acupuncture (14 sessions), massage (18 sessions), mud (18 sessions), and sauna (3 sessions) (EMMS) therapies for 30‑min, 45‑min, 30‑min, and 15‑min per session, respectively for 3 weeks. During and postintervention assessment showed reduction in visual analog scale score for pain, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores. It also showed an increase in the scores of 10‑Meter Walk Test, isometric hand‑grip test, and short form‑36 version‑2 health survey. This result suggest that, the EMMS therapy might be considered as an effective treatments in reducing pain, depression, anxiety, and stress with improvement in physical functions, quality of sleep and QOL in patient with RA. EMMS therapies were tolerated and no side effects were reported by the patient. Though the results are encouraging, further studies are required with larger sample size and advanced inflammatory markers.
Résumé
<b>Objectives: </b>In medical spas different spa therapy courses are offered for treating knee osteoarthritis (OA). They contain approximately 10 daily sessions of 2-3 different treatments. During the last two decades, the length of the spa therapy time in Estonia has decreased from 12 days mainly to 6 days due to the changes in the economic situation. Spa therapy courses contain different treatments: massages, thermotherapies, kinesitherapies etc. Last research (Vaht et al. 2008) focused on the effect of 6-days spa therapy course in general. At the beginning and end of spa treatment HAQ-DI, VAS and Lequesne Index were used to assess the clinical status. There were no significant differences between the results of 6- and 12-day spa therapy courses. They both had positive effects by reducing pain and improving clinical status in patients suffering from OA. This study focused on mud therapy and the aim is to compare the therapeutic effect of different spa therapy courses in knee OA.<BR><b>Materials and methods: </b>374 patients with knee OA participated voluntarily in this controlled follow-up study, which included different medical spas of Estonia: Spa Hotel Laine, Värska Spa Hotel, Tervis Medical Spa Hotel, Fra Mare Thalasso Spa. Participants fulfilled the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and were at the age between 47-83. The patients with total knee prosthesis, and those who had received thermotherapy in the past three months or had started using analgesics or antidepressants in the past 2 weeks, were excluded.<BR> The patients were allocated to the groups in order of their admittance:<BR>I - local mud application (40-42°C, 15-20 min, n = 52) or mud bath (41-43°C, 10 min, n = 74); massage therapy (25 min) and kinesitherapy (30 min). <BR>II - herbal bath (37-39°C, 10 min, ) and local mud application (n = 56) or mineral water bath and mud bath (n = 82) and massage.<BR>III - control group - herbal bath (n = 32) or mineral water bath (n = 78), massage therapy and kinesitherapy.<BR> All therapies were administered once a day and six times a week. All patients were evaluated before and after 6 days of spa treatments and follow-up after 10 weeks of spa treatments (VAS, HAQ-DI, Lequesne Index). Data were analysed using SPSS statistical software.<BR><b>Results: </b>After 6 days, treatment of all packages reduced pain and diminished the value of Lequesne Index. The follow-up period gave better results for the package where mineral water bath, mud bath and massage therapy were used. <BR><b>Conclusions: </b>6-day spa therapy has a good result in the treatment of knee OA reducing pain and improving the quality of life. Better results are achieved when spa therapy course contains two thermal therapies daily in the II group. This work was supported by the Regional Competence Centre Development programme, European Regional Development Fund.
Résumé
There is little doubt that the main therapeutic action of the peloid’s, therapy depends on their thermal properties. For this reason is quite of interest getting to know the thermal properties of the materials that form peloids.<BR><b>Objective: </b>Study the thermal properties of three inorganic solids that can be used in the preparation of therapeutic peloids.<BR><b>Materials and Method: </b>The products used are aluminic Bentonite, Kerolita (Süd Chemie) and SPLF ELITE (Tolsa). <BR> From the thermal point of view the specific heat was determined using a Scanning Calorimetry equipment, model DSC1, cooled by air of Mettler Toledo and it was used the software STARe for the collection and processing of data.<BR> An extemporaneous product was prepared with a liquid phase of 60%, using distilled deionized water. Its cooling curves their relaxation and inertia times were studied.<BR> For the determination of the cooling curves we have followed the Rambaud technique, obtaining graphs and equations that best fit the experimental curve, using the ORIGIN program 8. We used Thermostatic baths, models Lauda RA Alpha 8 and E-100 and a thermocouple Cole-Parmer, model 91100-50.<BR><b>Results and Discussion</b>: The following Table 1 shows the results of the specific heat measures of the three studied products, in the range of 45-36°C and its corresponding average value. We also include the inertia and relaxation time of peloids.<BR><b>Conclusions: </b>The SPLF, a sepiolite, presents the highest value of the specific heat, whose corresponding peloid with an equal percentage of water would provide the greatest amount of heat. The specific heat of the bentonite and kerolita is very similar. <BR> Bentonite Al shows the most relaxation time of the three products, releasing therefore the heat more slowly.
Résumé
Carhue is the largest thermal center of the province of Buenos Aires, located 520 kilometers from the state capital. The thermal baths and the treatments with the lake’s peloids have become an emblem of the city. Since 1920 visitors from around the world have come to this place to enjoy the benefits of the mineral waters from Epecuen Lake.<BR><b>Objective: </b>The objective of this work is the physicochemical study of the Carhue peloid.<BR><b>Material and Method: </b>A commercial peloid sample, The percentage of the solid components, water and ashes was determined by gravimetric techniques drying the sample in oven and mufla. The specific heat, thermal conductivity coefficient and calorific retentivity were calculated from these data. <BR> The particle size was determined by laser diffraction, using the model 3000 of Malvern Instruments Mastersizer.<BR> The instrumental texture was determined with the Brookfield LFRA, Texture Analyzer, model 1000 LFRA LRFA. The Rambaud method was the technic used to obtain the cooling curve, with thermostatic baths, Lauda, RA 8 Alpha and E-100 and thermocouple Cole-Parmer, model 91100-50.<BR><b>Results: </b>(Table 1)<BR><b>Conclusions:</b> Its water percentage (47.4%) allow us classify this product as a true peloid. <BR> From the relation ash / solid (0.90) it follows that is a peloid rich in inorganic products. <BR> The particle size indicates that there are particles ranging 0.6 to 120 microns, with Dv(50) of 10.5 microns but with scarce uniformity. <BR> Specific heat and retentivity values are agree with the obtained percentage values of water and ashes. <BR> The value tr (8.7 minutes) shows a peloid with slow release of heat, matching up with the data of their retentivity 7.74 106 s/m<sup>2</sup>.<BR> According to its texture is a soft peloid (64.7 g) with good cohesion capacity (0.96) so it is an easy product to use.
Résumé
<b>Introduction: </b>The maturation process of peloids has been the subject of many studies over time. Knowledge of the processes occurring during this time period, it is very interesting to know the applications of the final product.<BR><b>Material and Method: </b>For preparation of extemporaneous peloids it has been used clay Bentonite Volcangel (Benesa) supplied by Süd Chemie, a mineral water hyperthermal (42°C), sulphurated, weak mineralization (261 mg/l) from Baños Montemayor (M) and water purified obtained by distillation and ion exchange (A).<BR> Peloids were prepared by mixing in the ratio needed aiming to produce a product with 70% water and clay, in polymeric material containers. Water and clay were mixed slowly until total homogenization. The product was introduced into glass containers tightly closed and kept at a constant temperature of 42°C and 8°C.<BR> The percentage of the solid components, water and ashes was determined by gravimetric techniques, drying the sample in oven and muffle furnace (850°C). The specific heat and calorific retentivity were calculated from these data.<BR> Every six weeks, the analysis of all parameters are repeated in samples maintained at 42°C and 8°C to study possible variations.<BR><b>Results: </b>In Table 1 are shown values of the parameters of the initial peloids prepared with purified water and mineromedicinal water.<BR><b>Conclusion:</b> There were no significant differences observed in the values of the analyzed parameters between the two initial peloids prepared with purified water and with medicinal mineral water of Montemayor spa and a slight diminution in the water percentage, and a small increase of the relaxation time six weeks later.
Résumé
The main objective of the present study was to determine the in situ biomechanical behaviour of skin in response to the use of three muds manufactured with a hyperosmotic Spring “Hervederos de Cofrentes” water, Valencia, Spain. The impact of the osmotic muds on the biomechanical behaviour of human skin, its pH, blood flow, barrier function and dermal density was quantified in healthy volunteers using several non-invasive approaches. Materials and Method: This study was designed to assess the skin response to daily use for 10 and 20 days on volar forearms of 33 healthy volunteers aged between 18 and 40 years (23.3 ± 4.4) when applied 3 extemporaneous peloides with 0 (P0), 30 (P3) and 60 (P6) days of maturation. Peloids daily placed on volar forearm on panellist and variables were determined at baseline before starting treatment (day 0), and 10 and 20 days after the start of treatment. Day zero values are considered normal skin pattern. After a descriptive statistical analysis (mean and standard deviation), a paired Student’s t-test was used to compare data. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results and Conclusions: Our results also suggest a direct relationship between the actions of the muds used and the following changes in the in vivo characteristics of human skin. P3 peloid gradually decreases blood flow (p<0.05) whitout affetation TEWL and there is a general increase in pH with the implementation of treatment. Increases skin firmness (p<0, 05) and elasticity (p<0.05). All peloids P0, P3 and P6 had an increase in dermal density (p<0.05), and was recorded reaching significance after 10 days of treatment and increased resistance towards repeated suction (reduced fatigue) after 10 days of treatment too, rising gradually up to 20 days was observed (p<0.05). As an overall conclusion, our findings indicate that the skin treatment proposed, P3 peloid mainly, decrease blood flow without modifying the barrier function of the skin, does not change TEWL, and clearly improves its biomechanical properties, improving skin density, skin firmness, increasing the elasticity and decreasing the fatigue of the skin, up minimally modifying the pH. All these circumstances make it very compatible with scaly process type psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, ichthyosis or cutaneous process that curse with an increase in skin cell turn-over.
Résumé
Objectives: In medical spas different spa therapy courses are offered for treating knee osteoarthritis (OA). They contain approximately 10 daily sessions of 2-3 different treatments. During the last two decades, the length of the spa therapy time in Estonia has decreased from 12 days mainly to 6 days due to the changes in the economic situation. Spa therapy courses contain different treatments: massages, thermotherapies, kinesitherapies etc. Last research (Vaht et al. 2008) focused on the effect of 6-days spa therapy course in general. At the beginning and end of spa treatment HAQ-DI, VAS and Lequesne Index were used to assess the clinical status. There were no significant differences between the results of 6- and 12-day spa therapy courses. They both had positive effects by reducing pain and improving clinical status in patients suffering from OA. This study focused on mud therapy and the aim is to compare the therapeutic effect of different spa therapy courses in knee OA. Materials and methods: 374 patients with knee OA participated voluntarily in this controlled follow-up study, which included different medical spas of Estonia: Spa Hotel Laine, Värska Spa Hotel, Tervis Medical Spa Hotel, Fra Mare Thalasso Spa. Participants fulfilled the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and were at the age between 47-83. The patients with total knee prosthesis, and those who had received thermotherapy in the past three months or had started using analgesics or antidepressants in the past 2 weeks, were excluded. The patients were allocated to the groups in order of their admittance: I - local mud application (40-42°C, 15-20 min, n = 52) or mud bath (41-43°C, 10 min, n = 74); massage therapy (25 min) and kinesitherapy (30 min). II - herbal bath (37-39°C, 10 min, ) and local mud application (n = 56) or mineral water bath and mud bath (n = 82) and massage. III - control group - herbal bath (n = 32) or mineral water bath (n = 78), massage therapy and kinesitherapy. All therapies were administered once a day and six times a week. All patients were evaluated before and after 6 days of spa treatments and follow-up after 10 weeks of spa treatments (VAS, HAQ-DI, Lequesne Index). Data were analysed using SPSS statistical software. Results: After 6 days, treatment of all packages reduced pain and diminished the value of Lequesne Index. The follow-up period gave better results for the package where mineral water bath, mud bath and massage therapy were used. Conclusions: 6-day spa therapy has a good result in the treatment of knee OA reducing pain and improving the quality of life. Better results are achieved when spa therapy course contains two thermal therapies daily in the II group. This work was supported by the Regional Competence Centre Development programme, European Regional Development Fund.
Résumé
Introduction: The maturation process of peloids has been the subject of many studies over time. Knowledge of the processes occurring during this time period, it is very interesting to know the applications of the final product. Material and Method: For preparation of extemporaneous peloids it has been used clay Bentonite Volcangel (Benesa) supplied by Süd Chemie, a mineral water hyperthermal (42°C), sulphurated, weak mineralization (261 mg/l) from Baños Montemayor (M) and water purified obtained by distillation and ion exchange (A). Peloids were prepared by mixing in the ratio needed aiming to produce a product with 70% water and clay, in polymeric material containers. Water and clay were mixed slowly until total homogenization. The product was introduced into glass containers tightly closed and kept at a constant temperature of 42°C and 8°C. The percentage of the solid components, water and ashes was determined by gravimetric techniques, drying the sample in oven and muffle furnace (850°C). The specific heat and calorific retentivity were calculated from these data. Every six weeks, the analysis of all parameters are repeated in samples maintained at 42°C and 8°C to study possible variations. Results: In Table 1 are shown values of the parameters of the initial peloids prepared with purified water and mineromedicinal water. Conclusion: There were no significant differences observed in the values of the analyzed parameters between the two initial peloids prepared with purified water and with medicinal mineral water of Montemayor spa and a slight diminution in the water percentage, and a small increase of the relaxation time six weeks later.
Résumé
There is little doubt that the main therapeutic action of the peloid’s, therapy depends on their thermal properties. For this reason is quite of interest getting to know the thermal properties of the materials that form peloids. Objective: Study the thermal properties of three inorganic solids that can be used in the preparation of therapeutic peloids. Materials and Method: The products used are aluminic Bentonite, Kerolita (Süd Chemie) and SPLF ELITE (Tolsa). From the thermal point of view the specific heat was determined using a Scanning Calorimetry equipment, model DSC1, cooled by air of Mettler Toledo and it was used the software STARe for the collection and processing of data. An extemporaneous product was prepared with a liquid phase of 60%, using distilled deionized water. Its cooling curves their relaxation and inertia times were studied. For the determination of the cooling curves we have followed the Rambaud technique, obtaining graphs and equations that best fit the experimental curve, using the ORIGIN program 8. We used Thermostatic baths, models Lauda RA Alpha 8 and E-100 and a thermocouple Cole-Parmer, model 91100-50. Results and Discussion: The following Table 1 shows the results of the specific heat measures of the three studied products, in the range of 45-36°C and its corresponding average value. We also include the inertia and relaxation time of peloids. Conclusions: The SPLF, a sepiolite, presents the highest value of the specific heat, whose corresponding peloid with an equal percentage of water would provide the greatest amount of heat. The specific heat of the bentonite and kerolita is very similar. Bentonite Al shows the most relaxation time of the three products, releasing therefore the heat more slowly.
Résumé
Carhue is the largest thermal center of the province of Buenos Aires, located 520 kilometers from the state capital. The thermal baths and the treatments with the lake’s peloids have become an emblem of the city. Since 1920 visitors from around the world have come to this place to enjoy the benefits of the mineral waters from Epecuen Lake. Objective: The objective of this work is the physicochemical study of the Carhue peloid. Material and Method: A commercial peloid sample, The percentage of the solid components, water and ashes was determined by gravimetric techniques drying the sample in oven and mufla. The specific heat, thermal conductivity coefficient and calorific retentivity were calculated from these data. The particle size was determined by laser diffraction, using the model 3000 of Malvern Instruments Mastersizer. The instrumental texture was determined with the Brookfield LFRA, Texture Analyzer, model 1000 LFRA LRFA. The Rambaud method was the technic used to obtain the cooling curve, with thermostatic baths, Lauda, RA 8 Alpha and E-100 and thermocouple Cole-Parmer, model 91100-50. Results: (Table 1) Conclusions: Its water percentage (47.4%) allow us classify this product as a true peloid. From the relation ash / solid (0.90) it follows that is a peloid rich in inorganic products. The particle size indicates that there are particles ranging 0.6 to 120 microns, with Dv(50) of 10.5 microns but with scarce uniformity. Specific heat and retentivity values are agree with the obtained percentage values of water and ashes. The value tr (8.7 minutes) shows a peloid with slow release of heat, matching up with the data of their retentivity 7.74 106 s/m2. According to its texture is a soft peloid (64.7 g) with good cohesion capacity (0.96) so it is an easy product to use.
Résumé
Se hacen consideraciones acerca de la importancia del uso racional y el manejo correcto de los peloides de acuerdo con las normas sanitarias vigentes. Se presentan algunos resultados de investigaciones realizadas, así como proyecciones de trabajo en esta temática. Se enfatiza en la necesidad de garantizar un control sanitario que asegure la aplicación de peloides que sean inocuos, tanto en la práctica médica como en la cosmetología.
The importance of the rational use and correct handling of peloids according to present health standards was considered in this paper. Some results of research works as well as work projections in this field were also presented. Emphasis was made on the need of assuring health control in the application of harmless peloids both in medical practice and cosmetology.
Résumé
Se realizó un estudio en el hospital rural "Julio Ortiz Pascua", Sopimpa en 1999 para el cual se utilizó la Medicina Natural y Tradicional, con los datos obtenidos del registro de pacientes atendidos por el departamento. Se realizó mediante la técnica de acupuntura, digitopuntura y fangoterapia y el personal de Enfermería tuvo una participación directa en la aplicación de estos. Su evolución fue favorable, ya que en el mayor porcentaje se pudo erradicar la mayoría de los síntomas. En todos los casos se utilizó el método porcentual. Con este trabajo se motivó al personal médico y de Enfermería a continuar aplicando activamente la Medicina Natural y Tradicional en nuestro centro(AU)
A study was conducted in 1999 at "Julio Ortiz Pascua" Rural Hospital, Sopimpa by using natural and traditional medicine, according to the data obtained from the register of patients that received attention at the department. The techniques of acupuncture, pressure acupuncture and mud therapy were used. The nursing personnel had a direct participation in their application. It was observed a favorable evolution, since most of the symptoms were erradicated in a high number of patients. The percentage method was used in all cases. With this paper it was possibe to encourage the medical and nursing personnel to continue the active application of natural and traditional medicine in our center(AU)