Tres cánceres primarios simultáneos: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura / Three simultaneous primary cancers: Case report and literature review

Resumen La presencia de un segundo o tercer cáncer primario después del diagnóstico inicial de malignidad es un evento cada vez más frecuente asociado con la mejor sobrevida y seguimiento de pacientes con cáncer a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, la presencia de tres neoplasias primarias simultáneas sigue siendo un evento singular. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 76 años con tumor neuroendocrino del intestino delgado, adenocarcinoma de colon sigmoide y adenocarcinoma mucinoso de ovario de manera simultánea, manejada quirúrgicamente. Reali zamos una revisión de la literatura.

Abstract The presence of a second or third primary cancer after the initial diagnosis of malig nancy is an increasingly frequent event associated with the improved survival and monitoring of cancer patients worldwide. However, the presence of three simultaneous primary neoplasms remains a singular event. The case is presented of a 76-year-old woman with a neuroendo crine tumour of the small intestine, sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma, and a mucinous ovarian adenocarcinoma, simultaneously surgically managed. A literature review on the topic was also conducted.

Metachronous Four Primary Malignancies in Gastro-intestinal Tract / 대한소화기학회지

Multiple primary malignancy was reported firstly by Billroth in 1889. Recently, multiple primary malignancies are considered to increase due to improved survival rate of cancer patients, advanced diagnostic tools, and increased use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In Korea, several cases of triple primary malignancies were reported. However, four primary malignancies in gastro-intestinal tract was rarely reported. Recently, we experienced a 70 year-old male who was diagnosed with metachronous four primary malignancies in rectum, ascending colon, stomach, and ampulla of Vater. We report this rare case of metachronous four primary malignancies with a review of literature.

A case of metachronous multiple primary malignant neoplasm of the gastric cancer and ovarian cancer and breast cancer / 대한산부인과학회지

Multiple primary cancer means that more than two cancers are independently developed in one individual. The incidence of multiple primary malignancy is extremely rare although the prevalence rate is increasing recently. Gynecologic malignancies are especially prone to be associated with primary neoplasms elsewhere. Most of multiple primary cancer is double primary, however triple primary cancer is rare. We experienced a case of metachronous triple primary cancer involving stomach, breast and ovary. So, we report the case with a brief review of literatures.

A case of multiple primary malignancy involving the endometrial cancer / 부인종양

The incidence of multiple primary malignancy is extremely rare although the prevalence rate is increasing recently. There are several reasons of increment of multiple primary malignancy. First, the advances in the treatment and the diagnostic modality of malignancy have led to increased survival rate. So many of the patients who survived the first cancer could live long enough to develop additional primary cancers. Second, the long term effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy have been proved oncogenic. Third, increasing age, environmental carcinogen, some kinds of viral infection, and genetic predisposition have potentials for multiple carcinogenesis. Most of multiple primary cancer is double primary, however triple primary cancer is rare. We experienced a case of triple primary cancer involving endometrium, colon, and stomach. We report this case with a review of literatures.

A Case of Synchronous Stage-IV Advanced Gastric Cancer / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Multiple primary malignancy is called when two cancers occur independently in one individual. Multiple primary malignancy may be divided into two groups, synchronous or metachronous depending on the interval between their diagnosis. Synchronous cancer is diagnosed simultaneously or within an interval of 6 months and metachronous cancer at interval of more than 6 months. Since Billroth reported the first case of multiple primary malignancy, many cases have been reported partly owing to the advancement of diagnostic procedures and treatment modalities. The incidence of multiple primary malignancy tends to increase and it is fundamental that patients who have been treated for cancer receive a careful follow-up study. Here we report on a case of stage-IV advanced gastric cancer with stage-I renal cell carcinoma which was discovered during the staging procedure of gastric cancer. Both cancers were confirmed histologically and classified as gastric adeno-carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma.

A Clinical Study of Multiple Primary Malignancies in Patients Treated for Cervical Carcinoma / 대한산부인과학회잡지

BACKGROUND: Knowledge about the degree of risk and location of multiple primary cancers can facilitate the targeting of screening and surveillance practices on follow-up after treatment of cervical cancer. PURPOSE: The retrospective study was performed to evaluate the characteristics of multiple primary malignancies in patients treated for cervical carcinoma. METHOD: From data base file of gynecologic cancer patients between 1976 and 1995, total 20 patients were found to have cervical cancer and another primary malignancy. Their medical records and pathologic slides were reviewed. Follow-up information was obtained from medical records or by telephone. RESULT: There were 8 synchronous and 12 metachronous multiple primary cancers (MPC) among 20 patients. Their mean age was 51 years (range 23 ~ 68 years). The distribution of FIGO stage of the patients with cervical cancer was classified into stage I, 6 patients; stage II, 9 ; and stage III, 5. All patients showed squamous cell type histology of cervical cancer. Eight(40 %) of 20 patients developed second cancer in uterus : 6 malignant mixed Mllerian tumors(MMMT), one endometrial stromal sarcoma, and one endometrial adenocarcinoma. Seven of 8 synchronous type MPC patients are alive (median follow-up, 27 months). In contrast, only one out of 12 metachronous type MPC patients is alive(median follow-up, 114 months). The occurrence of eight malignancies including 6 MMMT, one bladder cancer, and one rectal cancer might be related with previous radiation therapy for cervical cancer. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that routine screening and surveillance work-up might not be necessary in most of patients with cervical cancer. However, the patients with cervical cancer undergoing radiation treatment have to be followed carefully with the consideration of possibility for developing second cancer in the field of irradiation.