Résumé
Introducción. El síndrome de Neuhauser es una rara enfermedad autosómica recesiva caracterizada por megalocórnea, retardo mental e hipotonía. Actualmente con delineación sindromática clínica, se ignora su mecanismo genético y carece de prueba diagnóstica específica. Caso clínico. Lactante de 18 meses con cara peculiar, hipotonía, síndrome convulsivo, afección en ambos ojos con glaucoma congénito y megalocórnea; presentando retardo mental y del desarrollo importantes. La evaluación dismorfológica permitió lograr el diagnóstico clínico. Conclusión. Sólo existen 36 casos reportados en la literatura, este reporte sería el primero publicado en Latinoamérica y ayudaría al enfoque clínico de pacientes con megalocórnea, retardo mental e hipotonía.
Introduction. Neuhauser syndrome is an extremely rare genetic recessive disorder characterized by megalocornea, mental and motor retardation and hypotonia. Nowadays, this syndrome has been clinically delineated but its genetic mechanism remains unknown, and there is no specific diagnostic test. Case report. An 18-month old female infant with characteristic facial dysmorphic traits; congenital glaucoma, megalocornea in both eyes and hypotonia; seizures, mental and motor retardation. Dysmorphologic evaluation allowed the clinical diagnosis. Conclusion. There are only 36 cases reported in the literature. This case is the first published in Latin America, and may be helpful in the clinical assessment of patients with megalocornea, mental and motor retardation and hypotonia.
Résumé
To report a case of Boucher-Neuhauser syndrome, which is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the triad of spinocerebellar ataxia, chorioretinal dystrophy, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. An 18-year-old man was seen for visual problems, which had been diagnosed as retinitis pigmentosa at the age of 12 years. His puberty was delayed. At 16 years of age, the patient experienced progressive deterioration of his balance and gait disturbance. Then he was referred to our clinic because Boucher-Neuhauser syndrome was suspected. He had no specific family history; his visual acuity was 0.04 in both eyes. We observed broad retinal pigment epithelium atrophy and degeneration in both fundi. Both fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography showed choriocapillaris atrophy in the posterior pole area and midperiphery. Macular optical coherence tomography showed thinning of the neurosensory retina. An electroretinographic examination showed no photopic or scotopic responses. The Boucher-Neuhauser syndrome should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with retinitis pigment epithelium atrophy and degeneration.