Résumé
Uric acid, a powerful and potent antioxidant. Effect of uric acid in acute stroke was a controversy. Chronic hyperuricemia is atherogenic. But in recent days various articles were published about the antioxidant and the beneficial effects of uric acid due to cerebral antioxidant effect. In this article, we had reviewed various articles which discuss the major beneficial and deleterious effect of uric acid in neurological diseases to conclude the effect of uric acid in the scenario of acute ischemic stroke. This review was conducted through an Internet search on a public access website like PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane library, ProQuest and Medline databases until 2019. Keywords utilized included uric acid (UA), Acute ischemic stroke, neuroprotection, stroke therapy, and vasculoprotection. Total of 10 article from literature was reviewed, the major exclusion criteria were the studies that included patients which coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, Metabolic syndrome and patients who are taking drugs that influencing the uric acid levels. Chronic hyperuricemia is atherogenic and it had a negative impact on outcome in stroke, but in acute setting resent days various papers had been published about the beneficial effect of uric acid due to its antioxidants property. This was further supported by the co administration of Intravenous uric acid along with thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke. Hence, we had concluded that, uric acid had a beneficial effect in a setting of acute ischemic stroke.
Résumé
@#Sida acuta (SA) has a variety of traditional uses spanning from its fresh root that is chewed for the treatment of dysentery to hot aqueous extract of dried plant orally administered as diuretic. The aqueous extract of the plant has antimicrobial, antimalarial, analgesic and antiplasmodial effects. This study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of the aqueous extract of the leaves of SA in nicotine-induced cereballar dysfunction. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly separated into the following groups: Vehicle (received distilled water), Nicotine-treated (NIC-treated; received 1.0mg of Nicotine per kg of body weight), SA-treated (received 500mg/kg of body weight of aqueous extract of SA) and NIC+ SA-treated (received 1.0mg of Nicotine and 500mg of SA per kg body weight). The treatment lasted for 28 days and the administration was done daily by oral gavage. The body weight change was monitored using standard animal weighing balance; biochemical assay and cerebellar tissue histology were performed as previously described. The results showed increase in body weight gain and disruption of cytoarchitecture of the cerebellum in nicotine-treated group compared with vehicle-treated group. These alterations of cerebellar morphology may be associated with increased oxidative stress. However, concomitant administration of aqueous extract of SA during treatment with nicotine attenuated cerebellar disruption. The result indicated that administration of aqueous extract of the leaves of SA during treatment with nicotine preserves cerebellar function.
Résumé
The use of opioids has gain popularity in the field of medicine especially in treating chronic terminally ill patients. Unfortunately, several adverse effects in relation to its use have been reported. Literature search on the adversity of opioids in treating pain, its paradoxical hyperalgesic effects and susceptibility to addiction were conducted using Pubmed, Embase and Google Scholar without species limitation. This brief article focuses on the corresponding neuro-protective, hepato-protective, anti-inflammatory, ulcero-protective and nephron-protective functions of (Phoenix dactylifera L) to elaborate on evidences, mechanisms, modulatory and pharmacological significance to counteract adverse effects of opioid treatment and provide insight on the underlying mechanisms of addiction.
Résumé
Silent information regulator protein 1 (SlRT1) is one of the sirtuins and belongs to histone deacetyase. lts activity depends on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( NAD+) and is regulated by NAD+. Experimental and clinical studies have shown the neuro-protective effect of SlRT1 in the pathogenesis of age-related eye diseases. ln this review, the relationship between SlRT1 activator and apoptosis in the retinal cells were discussed. The review also points to SlRT1 as a potential therapeutic target for the clinical management of age-related retinal disease.
Résumé
Aim To investigate the protective effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide(PACAP)on focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.Methods The models of focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats were established with suture-occluded method to simulate the middle cerebral artery ischemia reperfusion injury in clinic.The treatment groups were given three different dose PACAP(PACAP 10-11 mol,PACAP 10-10 mol and PACAP 10-9 mol) in 15 minutes before cerebral ischemia.PACAPs were infused into lateral cerebral ventricle by microinjector.The water content of brain,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) and the content of nitrogen monoxidum(NO) of the brain tissue were determined.Results Compared with NS group,the water content of brain and the concentration of MDA and NO were obviously lower in each PACAP treatment group,while the activity of SOD was elevated to different degrees.Conclusion PACAP has an obvious protective effect on ischemia-reperfusion injury of focal brain tissue in rats,in which edema-alleviating,free radicals-scavenging and lipid peroxidation-attenuating could be involved.The protective effect seems to be more clear in middle-and high-dose group than in low-dose group.