olf413 Gene Controls Taste Recognition, Preference and Feeding Activity in Drosophila melanogaster

Recognition and responsiveness to food taste becomes a crucial event in foraging and feeding behaviour of an organism. Adjusting the feeding behaviour through a sophisticated and robust taste system is critical to fulfil their nutritional needs and facilitate its survival in environment. Palatability of food sources depends on the sensory and motor cues provided by the brain, in co-ordination with the other body systems to enable decisive feeding. Drosophila melanogaster is an apt model organism to decipher these behavioural paradigms. Octopamine a neurotransmitter, is required in regulation of feeding behavioural responses. olf413, a paralogue of TH, is a gene predicted for its involvement in octopamine biosynthesis. The biological function of this gene is yet to be unravelled. Here we propose this gene function in taste recognition, food preference and feeding activity. We test the olf413 loss of function mutants for food preference between two fruit extracts using CAFE and horizontal box methods. In our study we have used olf413 gene disruption strain, olf413MI02014 homozygous and in transheterozygous condition with another allele isolated in our lab, olf413SG1.1. The results show that olf413 mutants display a severe phenotype in feeding behaviour and there is an allele specific phenotypic distinction between the two strains. Thus implying that olf413 gene function is required for taste recognition, starvation driven initiation and execution of feeding behaviour of the flies.

Effect of weifu'an combined with dietary improvement on immune function and quality of life in patients with advanced gastric cancer chemotherapy / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of Weifu'an combined with dietary improvement on immune function and quality of life in patients with advanced gastric cancer chemotherapy.MethodsAnalysis of hospital, 70 cases of Ⅲ~Ⅳ period clinical medical records and treatment in patients with advanced gastric cancer;According to random number table method will be divided into the control group (chemotherapy using OLF) and observation group (chemotherapy combined Weifu'an combined dietary improvement), and 35 cases statistics of two groups of clinical curative effect and adverse reactions after the treatment of four course, carr's quality of life (KPS) score was used to ealuate treatment in both groups before and after the survival quality.Detection in the two groups before and after treatment in patients with immune function.ResultsThe control rate of clinical disease was 68.57% in the observation group and 60.0% in the control group, there was no significant differemce.The KPS score of the observation group and the control group was significantly higher than that of the control group before the treatment and the KPS score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the observation group, the levels of CD4+/CD8+ and NK cells in the control group were significantly lower than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The adverse reaction rate was 37.14% in the observation group and 68.57% in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).ConclusionWeifu'an combined dietary improvement can reduce adverse reactions, immune function and help to improve the patients quality of life.

HYPEREXTENSION TRAUMA IN PATIENTS WITH CERVICAL SPONDYLOSIS / Мэс засал

Introduction: Due to cervical spondylosispatients with cervical stenosis who hadhyperextension trauma developed spinalcord stress and contusions, tetraplegia anddisability and mortality. Cervical spondylosispatients with hyperextension traumatreatment management still not clearedout throughout the world and very fewresearch has been done in our country.We have been introduced our surgical andrehabilitation comparison research study ofcervical spondylosis trauma in 2015. Our goalis to develop treatment management forthe hyperextension trauma in patients withcervical spondylosis.1. To compare surgical treatmentresults between patients who hadhyperextension injury to the cervical spinewhich were treated at the Departmentof Spinal Surgery of the National Traumaand Orthopaedic Research Center ofMongolia.2. To study biomechanical effects after thesurgeryMaterial and methods: 42 cervicalspondylosis patients with hyperextensioninjury have been chosen retrospectively toevaluate the surgical, conservative, andrehabilitative treatments and results wereanalyzed by SPSS, EXCEL program who weretreated at the Department of Spinal Surgeryof the National Trauma and OrthopaedicResearch Center of Mongolia from 2012-September 2016. Over 20% canal stenosiscases were chosen for laminectomy andanterior discectomy and fusion surgeriesalong with conservative and rehabilitationtreatment. Up to 20% canal stenosis 10cases which is 23.8% of all patients weretreated by conservative treatment.Results: From 42 patients there was 10females and 32 males. Average ages were56±7.9. By the cause of injury 62% werecar accident, 23% motorcycle accident, 10%fall from horse riding and 5% were otherfalls respectively. All patients had neurologicdeficits according to the level of spinal cordinjury. 36 (85.7%) patients had C4-C5 andC5-C6 level injury and 15 (35.7) patients wererecovered from spinal shock after high dosesteroid treatment. According to the X-RAYall patients had cervical spondylosis signand 4 (9.5%) of them had facet fractureswith stable spine condition. After CT scanspinal cord injury located at C3-C4, C4-C5and C5-C6 levels and patients developedfacet arthrosis, ossification of ligaments andintervertebral discs. Clinical signs and CT scans were evaluated and 4 cervical spondylosispatients with hyperextension injury hadlaminectomy and 2 patient had anteriordiscectomy and fusion surgeries. Canalstenosis is decompressed after laminectomysurgery and cervical lordosis is reduced by 7degrees but after anterior discectomy andfusion surgery cervical lordosis is reducedby 3 degrees. Neurological deficit increasinglaminectomy cases had C5 palsy becauseof cord shift (2.4-4mm) which resulted bydenticulate ligament tethering.Conclusion: There were no significantstatistical (P≤.05) differences betweensurgical and rehabilitation treatmentsin cervical spondylosis patients withhyperextension injury who’s canal stenosiswere below 20% [1,2,3,4,5].In our practice itis essential to make laminectomy and anteriordiscectomy and fusion surgeries in 72 hoursafter trauma to help the patient recoverfrom the spinal shock and reabsorption ofcord contusion. For one or two level canalstenosis especially with the OPLL, artificialdisc replacement and ADF surgeries showedbetter results. In multiple level canal stenosiswith OLF and OPLL cases laminectomyand laminoplasty are choice for surgery. Incomparison to foreign study/ Biomechanicalinvestigation of spinal cord injury and diseasein cervical spine Batbayar.K Seoul.2016[2]/ our surgical treatment showed similarresults. Among cervical spondylosis patientswith hyperextension trauma cases whotreated in Spine Department of NationalTrauma and Orthopaedic Hospital, mortalityand disability is increasing and it is essentialto follow correct diagnostic and treatmentalgorithms.

Role of Olf-1/EBF associated zinc finger protein gene in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of systemic lupus erythematosus patients / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To study the role of OIf-1/EBF associated zinc finger protein (OAZ),a transcription factor encoded by a positional systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) candidate gene,in the function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) of SLE patients by silencing this gene.Methods OAZ mRNA levels of bone marrow MSC obtained from 5 SLE patients and 5 healthy controls were detected by real-time PCR.Bone marrow MSC obtained from 6 SLE patients were incubated with specific siRNAs for 3 days,then cells were harvested for OAZ measurement,Idl-3 and CCL2 mRNA levels were tested by real-time PCR,and levels of CCL2 were detected in culture supernatants using ELISA.Differences between groups were analyzed using t-test or MannWhitney test.Results ① OAZ mRNA levels of bone marrow MSC were significantly elevated in SLE patients (0.013±0.016) compared to healthy controls (0.001±0.000,P=0.009).② After OAZ silencing,the expression levels of OAZ,Id1,Id2 and ld3 mRNA were significantly decreased (△Ct 10.3±0.7,15.2±1.6,8.1±1.4,10.5±0.6 vs 8.7±0.7,14.1±1.2,7.1±1.5,9.8±0.6) (P all ＜0.05).③ Both the expression levels of CCL2 mRNA (△Ct 2.2±1.1 vs 3.0±1.1 ) and the levels of CCL2 protein in culture supernatants [(341±29) pg/ml vs (304±19) pg/ml] were significantly increased in OAZ silencing group comparing to those in the control group (P all ＜0.05).Conclusion OAZ gene expression is significantly elevated in bone marrow MSC of SLE patients.OAZ may affect autoantibody production in SLE patients by regulating CCL2 expression.

A Case of Myelopathy due to the Nodular Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum of Thoracic Spine in Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis / 대한류마티스학회지

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), also known as Forestier? disease, is an idiopathic rheumatological abnormality in which exuberant ossification occures along ligaments throughout the body, most notably the anterior longitudinal ligament of spine, frequently posterior longitudinal ligament or ligamentum flavum. Ossification of ligamentum flavum (OLF) causes narrowing of spinal canal and cord compression. It has been described almost exclusively in the Japanese, extremely rare in Caucasian and Korean population. The predominant location of symptomatic OLF is at the thoracolumbar junction, particularly at T10-11 followed by T11-12, and rarely in the cervical region. We experienced a case of progressive myelopathy due to the nodular ossification of ligamentum flavum in patient with DISH, who was treated by posterior decompressive laminectomy, removal of the ossified ligamentum flavum. The neurologic status of the patient was improved dramatically after operation.

Ossification of Spinal Ligaments

This authors reviewed the radiographs of 20,057 patients with spinl radiculomyelopathy from April 1983 August 1990. The incidence and distribtion of the ossification of the spinal ligaments were analized as following. 1) The overall incidence of spinal ligaments ossification was 3.6% among 20,057 patients. 2) The most frequently occurs at lumbar area(67.1%), and then cervical(27.5%) thoracic(0.4%) area as in orders. 3) The OPLL was most common type(2.19%) of these spinal ligaments ossification, and then OALL(0.7%), OLF(0.24%) as in orders. 4) OPLL (1) OPLL was most frequent at lumbar area(58.6%) and then cervical(37.0%), thoracic(0.4%) area as in orders. (2) The cervical OPLL was commonly found at C5 & C6 area and morphologically, the multiple segmented type was most common then continuous type, mixed type and single segmented type in orders. (3) The multiple segmented type was more frequently found at upper cervical area, but the continuous type was more frequent at lower cervical area. 5) OALL (1) OALL was most frequent at lumbar area(86.0%) but thoracic(1.4%) and cervecal area(5.3%) were relatively low in frequency. (2) Of the lumbar OALL, the L4/5 area was most frequent site(37.8%) but the L3/4(25.3%) and L5/S1 area(24.5%) also had relatively high occurance rate. 6) OLF (1) OLF was most frequent at lumbar area(92.7%), but the incidence of OLF was relativerly rare at cervical(2.1%) and thoracic area(5.2%). (2) Of the lumbar OLF, the L4/5 area was most common site(33.1), but L5/S1 area had also high occurance rate(27.2%).