Résumé
Resumo Apesar dos grandes investimentos, os métodos artificiais de planejamento familiar ainda apresentam limitações. Desde a década de 1950, cientistas trabalham para desenvolver um método natural confiável. Este artigo revisa a literatura sobre o Método de Ovulação Billings, apontando sua lógica, sua eficácia, seus benefícios, seus desafios e suas regras. Trata-se de método natural, embasado em mais de cinquenta anos de pesquisas. Sua chave de leitura é o muco cervical, confiável indicador da fertilidade, e sua eficácia está entre 97% e 99%, comparável aos métodos mais eficazes. O método também é indicado para todo tipo de ciclo, pois não se baseia em cálculos, e sim na observação do muco. Conclui-se que no Brasil é preciso fortalecer programas que ofereçam educação sexual mais global à população, capacitando ainda profissionais da saúde a respeito dos métodos naturais de planejamento familiar.
Abstract Despite large investments, artificial family planning methods still have limitations. Since the 1950s, scientists have worked to develop a reliable natural method. This article reviews the literature on the Billings Ovulation Method, pointing out its logic, efficacy, benefits, challenges, and rules. It is a natural method, based on more than fifty years of research. Its reading key is the cervical mucus, a reliable indicator of fertility, and its efficacy is between 97 and 99%, comparable to most effective methods. Billings is also suitable for all types of cycles, as it is not based on calculations, but on the observation of the mucus. In conclusion, Brazil needs to strengthen programs that offer more global sexual education to the population, also training health professionals on natural family planning methods.
Resumen A pesar de las grandes inversiones, los métodos artificiales de planificación familiar todavía tienen limitaciones. Desde la década de 1950, los científicos vienen trabajando para desarrollar un método natural confiable. Este artículo revisa la literatura sobre el Método de Ovulación Billings, presentando su lógica, efectividad, beneficios, desafíos y reglas. Se trata de un método natural, basado en más de cincuenta años de investigación. Su clave es el moco cervical, un indicador confiable de fertilidad, y su efectividad está entre el 97% y el 99%, comparable a los métodos más efectivos. El Método de Ovulación Billings también es adecuado para todo tipo de ciclos, ya que no se fundamenta en cálculos, sino en la observación de mocos. Se concluye que en Brasil es necesario fortalecer programas que ofrezcan una educación sexual más global a la población, además de capacitar a los profesionales de la salud sobre métodos naturales de planificación familiar.
Sujets)
Détection de l'ovulation , Méthodes naturelles de planification familiale , Planification du développement familialRésumé
Objective To explore the effect of liraglutide combined with clomiphene on serum hormone levels and natural conception rate in obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome .Methods A total of 89 infertile patients with obese polycystic ovary syndrome who were treated in the First People's Hospital of Jinzhong from April 2015 to March 2016 were selected.They were randomly divided into observation group (n=45) and control group (n=44) by simple randomization method .The control group was treated with clomiphene citrate , and the observation group was given liraglutide combined with clomiphene .The fasting blood glucose ( FPG ) , glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAc1),BMI,follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),testosterone(T),total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),high-density lipoprotein(HDL-C),and low-density lipoprotein(LDL-C) before and after treatment were compared .The menstrual cycle rate ,normal ovulation ,normal conception ,early embryo death ,and incidence rate of adverse reaction were recorded after treatment .Results After treatment,the FPG,HbAc1 and BMI in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t1 =4.144,t2 =5.862,t3 =5.403,all P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of FSH,LH and T in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(t1 =5.972,t2 =5.359,t3 =6.603,all P<0.05).The levels of TC,TG and LDL-C in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (t1 =10.697,t2 =5.344,t3 =6.986,all P<0.05).The HDL-C of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (t=4.340,P<0.05).After treatment,the menstrual cycle rate,normal ovulation rate ,natural conception rate of the observation group were 91.11％,84.44％,80.00％, respectively,which were higher than those of the control group (72.72％,61.36％,54.54％) (χ21 =5.099,χ22 =6.017,χ23 =6.562,all P<0.05).The early embryo mortality rate of the observation group was 6.67％,which was lower than 27.27％ of the control group (χ2 =6.741,P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 8.89％,which was lower than 29.55％ in the control group (χ2 =6.143,P <0.05). Conclusion Liraglutide combined with clomiphene in the treatment of obese polycystic ovary syndrome infertility patients can effectively reduce the body weight ,regulate blood lipids ,glucose metabolism ,sex hormone levels ,improve the natural conception rate of patients ,reduce the incidence of adverse reactions .Its effect is significant .
Résumé
Objective@#To explore the effect of liraglutide combined with clomiphene on serum hormone levels and natural conception rate in obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.@*Methods@#A total of 89 infertile patients with obese polycystic ovary syndrome who were treated in the First People's Hospital of Jinzhong from April 2015 to March 2016 were selected.They were randomly divided into observation group(n=45) and control group (n=44) by simple randomization method.The control group was treated with clomiphene citrate, and the observation group was given liraglutide combined with clomiphene.The fasting blood glucose(FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin(HbAc1), BMI, follicle stimulating hormone(FSH), luteinizing hormone(LH), testosterone(T), total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein(HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein(LDL-C) before and after treatment were compared.The menstrual cycle rate, normal ovulation, normal conception, early embryo death, and incidence rate of adverse reaction were recorded after treatment.@*Results@#After treatment, the FPG, HbAc1 and BMI in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(t1=4.144, t2=5.862, t3=5.403, all P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of FSH, LH and T in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(t1=5.972, t2=5.359, t3=6.603, all P<0.05). The levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(t1=10.697, t2=5.344, t3=6.986, all P<0.05). The HDL-C of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(t=4.340, P<0.05). After treatment, the menstrual cycle rate, normal ovulation rate, natural conception rate of the observation group were 91.11%, 84.44%, 80.00%, respectively, which were higher than those of the control group (72.72%, 61.36%, 54.54%) (χ12=5.099, χ22=6.017, χ32=6.562, all P<0.05). The early embryo mortality rate of the observation group was 6.67%, which was lower than 27.27% of the control group (χ2=6.741, P<0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 8.89%, which was lower than 29.55% in the control group (χ2=6.143, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Liraglutide combined with clomiphene in the treatment of obese polycystic ovary syndrome infertility patients can effectively reduce the body weight, regulate blood lipids, glucose metabolism, sex hormone levels, improve the natural conception rate of patients, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.Its effect is significant.