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1.
Int J Pharm Biol Arch ; 2024 Jan; 15(1): 16-18
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-231088

RÉSUMÉ

The intent of the present study was to associate the urine pH with the noodles rendering. The pH of urine is acidic, alkaline, or neutral. If the pH of your urine is less than seven, the pH is acidic. If the pH is more than seven, the pH shows alkalinity. However, if the pH is seven, the pH is neutral. The pH in the body is maintained by the kidney. The glomerular filtrate of blood is usually acidified by the kidneys from a pH of approximately 7.4 to a pH of about 6 in urine. Normally, the pH in our body is maintained by the kidney primarily through the reabsorption of sodium, hydrogen, and ammonium ions. If the amount of sodium is more than the pH of urine, it is acidic. If the amount of bicarbonate-carbonic acid is excess, the pH of urine is basic or alkali. Noodles are mostly used in China as a most favorite dish. Noodles are a good source of vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, and lipids. It is closured from the present study that there is no influence of noodle delineation on urine pH.

2.
Int J Pharm Pharm Sci ; 2024 Feb; 16(2): 1-11
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-231295

RÉSUMÉ

Oral pulsatile drug delivery systems (PDDS) are intended to induce programmable lag phases before a quick and quantifiable, repeated, or prolonged medication release. As a result, they are gaining popularity due to their inherent suitability for achieving chronotherapeutic goals, which have just been highlighted concerning several prevalent chronic illnesses characterized by typical night or early-morning recurring symptoms (e. g. bronchial asthma, heart attack, rheumatoid arthritis, early-morningawakening). Furthermore, time-based colonic release is possible when pulsatile delivery devices are correctly modified to overcome unexpected gastric emptying and give delay periods that roughly match the small intestine transit time. Oral pulsatile administration is accomplished using several release platforms, including reservoir, capsular, and osmotic devices. The current review article addressed the topics that followed: the reason pulsatile drug delivery systems have been invented; diseases for which pulsatile release is necessary; classification, advantages and disadvantages; methods used in the current systems; the situation nowadays and its potential for the future; recent advancements, and especially, the previous five to ten years of research on pulsatile drug delivery conducted by researchers using a variety of drugs for a variety of diseases.

3.
Rev. ADM ; 81(1): 16-20, ene.-feb. 2024. ilus
Article de Espagnol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1556048

RÉSUMÉ

La saliva, compuesta principalmente por 99% de agua y 1% de moléculas orgánicas e inorgánicas, mantiene un rango de pH de 6.0 a 7.5, pero puede verse alterada por ciertos factores. En este estudio se determinó la variación del pH salival, luego de la aplicación tópica manual en mucosa masticatoria y órganos dentarios con aceite de girasol ozonizado de 300 mEq/kgO2, en jóvenes estudiantes de entre 21 a 23 años, como agente de neutralización en los cambios de pH. Se realizó un estudio comparativo longitudinal en 13 sujetos después de su cepillado dental; se tomaron dos muestras en saliva estimulada con el test estandarizado Saliva-Check BUFFER (GC®EUROPE). La medición basal de pH fue 7.66 ± 0.09, cifra por encima del rango normal; después de la aplicación del aceite de girasol ozonizado (O3MX®300IP) el pH fue de 7.27 ± 0.19, estableciéndose una variación de 0.28 ± 0.48, t = 8.04, p < 0.05 (0.000). Este estudio revela una caída significativa en el pH salival después de aplicar aceite de girasol ozonizado, lo que sugiere su potencial como buffer del pH salival. Se necesitan más investigaciones para explorar las implicaciones clínicas para el manejo de la salud oral (AU)


Saliva, primarily composed of 99% water and 1% organic and inorganic molecules, typically maintains a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5 but can be influenced by various factors. This study aimed to assess the variation in salivary pH following manual topical application of 300 mEq/kgO2 ozonated sunflower oil to the masticatory mucosa and dental structures in young individuals aged 21 to 23 years, using it as a pH-neutralizing agent. A longitudinal comparative study was conducted on 13 subjects after dental brushing. Stimulated saliva samples were collected using the standardized Saliva-Check BUFFER Test (GC®EUROPE). An initial baseline pH measurement of 7.66 ± 0.09 was obtained, which was above the normal range. Following the application of ozonated sunflower oil (O3MX®300IP), the pH dropped to 7.27 ± 0.19, indicating a variation of 0.28 ± 0.48 (t = 8.04, p < 0.05 (0.000). In conclusion, this study reveals a significant decrease in salivary pH after applying ozonated sunflower oil, suggesting its potential as a salivary pH buffer. Further research is needed to explore the clinical implications for oral health management.(AU)


Sujet(s)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Adulte , Ozonation , Salive/composition chimique , École dentaire , Brossage dentaire/instrumentation , Études transversales , Caries dentaires/prévention et contrôle , Mexique/épidémiologie
4.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1005267

RÉSUMÉ

ObjectiveTo explore the scientific connotation of fried charcoal survivability of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos(LJF) by analyzing the correlation between the color change and the intrinsic components during the processing of LJF Carbonisata(LJFC), and taking pH, charcoal adsorption and microscopic characteristics as indexes. MethodLJFC samples with different degrees of processing were prepared according to the stir-frying time of 0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5, 9.0, 10.5 min(numbered S1-S8), and the contents of gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, rutin, luteoloside, isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), and the L*(brightness), a*(red-greenness) and b*(yellow-blueness) of LJFC samples with different degrees of processing were determined by spectrophotometer, and the correlation analysis and principal component analysis(PCA) between the contents of seven representative components and the color of the samples were carried out by SPSS 26. 0 and SIMCA-P 14.1. Then pH, adsorption force and characteristic structure of different samples of LJFC were detected and the processing pattern of LJFC was analyzed. ResultThe results of quantitative analysis revealed that the contents of luteoloside, rutin, chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid A gradually decreased, and the contents of cryptochlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid C and gallic acid firstly increased and then decreased. The L* and b* of the sample powders decreased, and a* showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing. The L* and b* were positively correlated with the contents of chlorogenic acid, rutin, luteoloside, isochlorogenic acid A, b* was positively correlated with the content of gallic acid, and a* was positively correlated with the contents of cryptochlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid C. PCA revealed that samples could be clearly divided into 3 groups, S1-S2 as one group, S3-S5 as one group, and S6-S8 as one group, with S3 having the highest score. The results of regression analysis showed that only isochlorogenic acid C could be used to predict the contents of components by colorimetric values combined with regression equations. Physicochemical analysis showed that pH of LJFC increased with the increase of degree of charcoal stir-frying, while adsorption force showed a tendency of increasing and then decreasing, with the highest adsorption force in the S5 sample, and the non-glandular hairs, calcium oxalate clusters and pollen grains had a varying degree of decreasing with the deepening of processing degree, and the microstructures of S6-S8 samples were obviously charred with pollen grains almost invisible. ConclusionThe changes in chemical composition and color characteristics of LJFC during the processing have certain correlations, combined with the changes in physicochemical properties, S5 sample is found to be the optimal processed products, which can provide a reference for the processing standardization and quality evaluation of LJFC, and enrich the scientific connotation of fried charcoal survivability of LJF.

5.
China Pharmacy ; (12): 1100-1107, 2024.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1017144

RÉSUMÉ

OBJECTIVE To prepare zeolite imidazole framework (ZIF)-8 nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with temozolomide (TMZ) (abbreviated as TMZ@ZIF-8 NPs) drug delivery system, thus increasing drug enrichment and anti-glioma effects in lesions. METHODS After preparing ZIF-8 NPs using the room temperature solution reaction method, the impregnation method was used to prepare TMZ@ZIF-8 NPs drug delivery system. Characterization was carried out using transmission electron microscopy, laser particle size, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and dissolution and anti-tumor activity experiments in vitro and in vivo were conducted. RESULTS TMZ@ZIF-8 NPs were successfully prepared with the particle size of (126.23±7.92) nm, drug loading amount of (28.79±1.26)%, and 72 h cumulative dissolution rate of (72.36±3.62)%. The results of in vitro anti-tumor activity experiments showed that the relative cell survival rate of ZIF-8 NPs remained above 90%; the prepared TMZ@ZIF-8 NPs delivery system exhibited superior inhibition, higher uptake capacity, and better promoting apoptosis effects on the growth and proliferation of C6 cells as compared with the free TMZ. The results of in vivo anti-tumor activity experiments showed that ZIF-8 NPs were not enriched in the brain of rats, and the enrichment effect of TMZ in the brain was not significant, while TMZ@ZIF-8 NPs had a significant enrichment effect in the brain. CONCLUSIONS ZIF-8 NPs can effectively load TMZ, and successfully prepared TMZ@ZIF-8 NPs can improve TMZ uptake ability and anti-glioma effect.

6.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1025094

RÉSUMÉ

Objective To explore the effects of different types of drinking water on the growth and fecal flora of mice.Methods Specific pathogen-free NIH mice were randomly divided into five groups,32 mice each group,with half males and half females in each group.The group were given either purified water(control group),acidified water,alkalized water,weakly acidic water or solid water.Diet and body weight were monitored continuously for 20 days.After the experiment,animal fecal samples were collected,and the V3-V4 region was amplified with bacterial 16S rDNA universal primers.An Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing platform was used for high-throughput sequencing,and microbial community,α diversity and β diversity were analyzed by bioinformatics method.Results The body weight of female mice given different pH values of weakly acidic water was higher,while the weight of the other groups was lower,than that of the control group(P>0.05).The body weight of male mice in the acidified water group was higher,while that of other groups was lower,than that of control group,but there was no statistical difference between the groups(P>0.05).The body weights of male and female mice in the solid water group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The food and water intake of the female animals in the alkaline water group and the water intake of female animals in the solid water group were lower than those of the other groups.OTU clustering analysis showed that the data volume of the sequencing was reasonable,and the fecal flora species of NIH mice were divided into five phyla,among which Bacteroides and Firmicutes were dominant.Unclassified Pseudopurpuromonas,Lactobacillus and Alistipes were the main genera.There were differences in fecal flora abundance and diversity among the mice given the five drinking water types.α analysis showed that the acidified water group had the highest flora abundance and diversity,while the solid water group had the lowest flora diversity.β analysis showed that the fecal flora composition in the solid water group was the closest to that of the control group,followed by the alkalized water group,acidified water group and weakly acidic water group.Conclusions Through an exploration of the effects of consuming different forms of water,this study revealed that solid water consumption had the greatest effects on body weight,feed intake,water consumption,and fecal flora of mice.The abundance and diversity of fecal flora in mice were affected by different pH values of drinking water,especially acidified water.

7.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-234585

RÉSUMÉ

Background: Aim of the study was to study role of cerebro placental ratio (CPR) as a predictor of adverse perinatal outcome in uncomplicated term pregnancies.Methods: This prospective observational study took place at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in SNMC Agra. We enrolled 140 uncomplicated antenatal cases with gestational age between 37 to 41 weeks, based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Each participant underwent comprehensive assessments, including history-taking, examinations, and ultrasound color Doppler evaluations. We then analyzed perinatal outcomes in correlation with CPR.Results: Adverse perinatal outcomes i.e., asphyxia and NICU admissions were found to be significantly higher in patients with CPR<1. We also observed APGAR<7 at 1 and 5 minutes, cord blood ABG with pH<7.3, pO2<50, PCO2>45 in patients with CPR<1.Conclusions: CPR serves as a noninvasive means to identify fetal compromise in seemingly healthy pregnancies, aiding in the decision-making process regarding the mode of delivery. Clinical significance-CPR can assist in stratifying at risk pregnancies, subsequently influencing decisions regarding the mode and place of delivery.

8.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230748

RÉSUMÉ

This study was conducted during 2021-22 considering various vegetable growing farmers in Unnao District (U.P.), India to find out the effect of using sewage as the only source of irrigation to their crops. In this study, 250 surface soil samples collected from farmer’s field were analyzed for Physical as well as Chemical parameters. The physical properties of soils improved due to sewage application; Bulk density ranged from 1.04 to 1.42 Mg m-3 and particle density ranged between 2.61 to 2.88 Mg m-3 and Porosity ranged between 53.4 to 61.85 with mean of 56.87 percent. Chemical Parameters such as pH, E.C., O.C., Available N, P & K were also analyzed and the results indicated that soils had a mean normal pH of 7.2, E.C. of 0.76 dSm-1, O.C. of 56.80. Available nitrogen ranged from 565 – 1217 kg ha-1 with mean of 879.56 kg ha-1.The Phosphorus availability was found ranging from 14.40 – 33.5 kg ha-1 with a mean of 23.98 kg ha-1, while Potassium was found with a mean of 205.30 kg ha-1 in range of 174 – 235 kg ha-1.

9.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230633

RÉSUMÉ

We aimed to study nutrient status in Phulpur block of Prayagraj District of Uttar Pradesh, India. We collected representative soil samples covering nine villages of Phulpur division at depths like 0-15cm, 15-30cm and 30-45cm before sowing of crops. The soil samples were analyzed for their physico-chemical properties. Results show that the soil samples of the areas of the Phulpur division were found to be mildly alkaline and non-saline. There are many reasons leading to soil quality deterioration, including changes in land use types of forest to arable land and the consequences of intensive land use. The colour of soil changes between the three depths at all locations. There were differences in the colour of dry and wet soils was dark brown to dark yellowish brown. The soil bulk density varied from 1.22 to 1.41 Mg m-3, soil particle density varied from 2.291 to 2.452 Mg m-3, pore space from 41.6 to 48.2 %, water holding capacity from 36.60 to 43.30 % respectively. Soil pH varied from 7.26 to 7.84 and EC is 0.24 to 0.38 dS m-1. while soil organic carbon varied from 0.29 to 0.45 % and available nitrogen from low to medium (180 to 275 kg ha-1), available phosphorous from medium to high (10.80 to 22.5 kg ha-1), potassium was found to be medium range (132.00 to 231.00 kg ha?1), exchangeable calcium and magnesium low from (3.48 to 5.50 Meq 100g-1) and (1.66 to 2.72 Meq 100g-1) respectively. The water pH of varied from 6.24 to 7.50, the electrical conductivity of water ranged from 0.31 to 0.90 dS m-1, the bicarbonate of water varied from 7 to 18 Meq L-1, the chloride of water varied from 4.5 to 10.4 Meq L-1, the available calcium of water varied from 4.2 to 8 Meq L-1, the available magnesium of water varied from 2.5 to 3.6 Meq L-1, the potassium of water varied from 0.05 to 0.17 Meq L-1 and the sodium of water varied from 0.08 to 0.21 Meq L-1. The sodium absorption ratio (SAR) ranged from 0.03 to 0.1 Meq L-1, indicating low to moderate levels of sodium content in the water samples. The soluble sodium percent (SSP) ranged from 1.47 to 3.93 Meq L-1, providing further insight into the sodium content in the water. The residual sodium carbonate (RSC) varied from -2.4 to 7.4 Meq L-1. The permeability Index (PI) ranged from 28 to 56 Meq L-1, serving as an indicator of the potential impact of water on soil permeability, the Kelley's ratio (KR) ranged from 0.08 to 0.024 Meq L-1. The KR is a measure of the sodium hazard in irrigation water, with lower values indicating a lower risk of sodium-related issues in soil and crops. The range of the irrigation water quality index value ranged from 44 to 157 Meq L-1 it was determined that 100% of the samples are in suitable range for irrigation.

10.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-227407

RÉSUMÉ

Managing pulmonary hypertension (PH) involves approaches to relieve symptoms, slow disease progression, and improve patient outcomes. Advances in treatment strategies, risk assessment methods, and lifestyle adjustments have significantly improved PH care. While PH has no cure, treatment options are available to alleviate symptoms, extend life expectancy, and slow disease advancement. Tailoring treatment strategies based on the type and severity of PH as individual patient response and tolerance is crucial. The main goals include alleviating symptoms, enhancing quality of life, improving capacity, and increasing survival rates. Diagnosis and management require evaluation and regular follow-up due to the complexity of PH treatments. Different medical approaches play a role in symptom relief. Improving overall system function. Oxygen therapy and procedures such as septostomy or lung transplantation may be warranted, contingent on disease severity. Lifestyle modifications, encompassing exercise training, smoking cessation, and weight management, complement pharmacological interventions. Risk assessment tools, typified by the REVEAL risk score, have revolutionized PH care by facilitating personalized therapeutic approaches. Genetic factors are increasingly considered, heralding a new era in tailored treatment. While challenges persist, ongoing research endeavors promise.

11.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-229878

RÉSUMÉ

Development of Fish Protein Isolate (FPI) from tiger tooth croaker (Otholithus ruber) fish meat using the pH shift method was carried out during this study. Tiger tooth croaker was used as raw material because of their abundance and comparatively low price. During the study, the physical characteristics and proximate composition of the fresh fish were analysed. The average length of fish was 19.95 cm and weighed 94.6 g. respectively. FPI treated at different pH treatments (2.5, 4, 7, 11.5 and 12.5) were analyzed for proximate composition, peroxide value and functional characteristics. In the present work, Tiger tooth croaker (Otolithes ruber) fish was found to be suitable for fish protein isolate production using acid or alkali processing and isoelectric precipitation. During storage at ambient temperature for 120 days in a 200 gauge LDPE pouch, Fish Protein Isolates treated at different pH treatments (2.5, 4, 7, 11.5 and 12.5) indicated an increase in moisture content, reduction in protein and lipid content and no significant reduction in ash content. The total protein content was specifically high for pH 7 followed by pH 12.5, 11.5, 4 and 2.5. The effect of different pH on PV of fish protein isolates showed increasing content with increasing storage. The functional properties such as water-holding capacity (WHC), oil-holding capacity (OHC), emulsifying capacity (EC) and foam measurements (Foaming capacity (FC) and foam stability (FS) exhibit high values for all the samples of fish protein isolates. The quality attribute of functional properties of all fish protein isolates samples showed a trend of decreasing during the storage of 120 days.

12.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-229797

RÉSUMÉ

Aspergillus fungus is well-known for causing a number of secondary plant and food rots that can result in the buildup of mycotoxins, despite their significant economic contribution to the fermentation industries. In the past, even the most fundamental influences on the development and inhibition of significant mycotoxigenic fungi were only partially understood. To overcome this issue, an investigation on the impact of pH on the mycelial development of Aspergillus species was conducted. A. niger and A. flavus were inoculated in PDA medium with a range of pH values from 4.0 to 9.0 under in vitro conditions and then cultured for 7 days at room temperature. Results revealed that, the mycelial growth of A. niger and A. flavus was increased with increase in pH level up to 6 and then became static up to pH level 9 and there was no mycelial growth in pH 4. Hence, it was concluded that the use of alkaline compounds as a way of preventing their proliferation and reproductive processes may be used to inhibit the development and spore production of A. niger and A. flavus, which can affect the crops.

13.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-229140

RÉSUMÉ

Parthenium hysterophorus is a prime noxious weed across the world and resorting its nativity weed to Tropical North and South America which has invaded more than 50 countries throughout the world. It was accidentally introduced in India with food-grains imported from Mexico. Parthenium plant contains chemicals, like parthenin, hysterin, hymenin, and ambrosin, and due to the presence of these chemicals, the weed exerts strong allelopathic effects on different crops. Parthenin has been reported as a germination inhibitor as well as radical growth inhibitor in a variety of dicot and monocot plants. Because of its strong competitiveness for soil moisture, space and nutrients with crops and its allergenic properties, it poses serious threat to cereal crops and livestock. Parthenium is difficult to control because of its wider adaptation to diverse climatic conditions. The aim of this research article is to explore effect of environmental factors on germination, shoot and root length of Parthenium hysterophorus. The effect of light periods, temperature, pH, osmotic potential and salt stress on germination, shoot and root length of parthenium was studied and found that maximum germination at 16 h (57%), 25°C (81%), pH 7 (98%), 0 MPa (85%) and 0 mM NaCl (84%), respectively and same trend was followed in shoot and root length. Therefore, the understanding of growth behavior of parthenium will help in formulating better management practices for the same.

14.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 80(4): 247-252, Jul.-Aug. 2023. tab
Article de Anglais | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1520286

RÉSUMÉ

Abstract Background: Acute fetal distress (AFD) is a condition that requires timely diagnosis because it generates hypoxia, acidosis, and even intrauterine death. This study aimed to determine lactate and pH values in the umbilical cord in full-term newborns (NBs) with a history of AFD. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in full-term NBs of mothers with at least one perinatal, neonatal, or gasometric AFD antecedent. Neonatal morbidity was considered: if 1-min Apgar ≤ 6, or advanced neonatal maneuvers, or neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions were necessary. The cutoff points were lactate > 4mmol/L and pH < 7.2. Results: Of 66 NBs, 33.3% of mothers presented at least one antecedent for developing AFD; 22.7% presented hypertensive pregnancy disease, 13.6% oligohydramnios, and 63.6% other factors. Perinatally, 28.7% required advanced neonatal resuscitation maneuvers and 7.5% admission to the NICU. In the gasometry, the lactate and pH values for the neonatal morbidity of the NBs' group were 4.726 ± 1.401 and 7.293 ± 0.056, respectively, versus 2.240 ± 0.318 and 7.359 ± 0.022 (p < 0.05) for the group without associated neonatal morbidity. Conclusions: Lactate values in the umbilical cord increased by 25%, and pH decreased by one percent in NBs with a history of AFD and associated morbidity.


Resumen Introducción: El sufrimiento fetal agudo (SFA) es una condición que amerita un diagnóstico oportuno debido a que genera hipoxia, acidosis e incluso la muerte intrauterina. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los valores de lactato y pH en cordón umbilical en recién nacidos de término con antecedente SFA. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal, en recién nacidos a término, de madres que tuvieron al menos un antecedente para SFA de tipo perinatal, neonatal o gasométrico. Se consideró morbilidad neonatal cuando presentaron Apgar al minuto ≤ 6, o requirieron maniobras avanzadas de reanimación neonatal, o ingreso a Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN). El punto de corte fue > 4 mmol/L para los valores de lactato y pH < 7.2. Resultados: De un total de 66 recién nacidos, el 33.3% de las madres presentaron al menos un antecedente para desarrollar SFA; el 22.7% presentó enfermedad hipertensiva del embarazo, el 13.6%, oligohidramnios, y el 63.6%, otros factores. El 28.7% requirieron maniobras avanzadas de la reanimación neonatal y el 7.5%, el ingreso a la UCIN. En la gasometría, el valor de lactato y pH para el grupo de recién nacidos con morbilidad neonatal fue de 4.726 ± 1.401 y 7.293 ± 0.056 respectivamente, versus 2.240 ± 0.318 y 7.359 ± 0.022 (p < 0.05) para el grupo sin morbilidad neonatal asociada. Conclusiones: Se observó un incremento del 25% de los valores de lactato en cordón umbilical y una disminución del 1% del pH en los recién nacidos con antecedente de SFA y morbilidad asociada.

15.
Braz. dent. j ; Braz. dent. j;34(4): 54-61, July-Aug. 2023. tab, graf
Article de Anglais | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1520342

RÉSUMÉ

Abstract This study compared the pH and calcium ion release of calcium silicate- (Bio-C Temp) and calcium hydroxide-based (Ultracal XS) medications. Intracanal remnants of both medications were also evaluated using SEM-EDS after the removal protocol. Thirty-five bovine teeth were prepared. Fifteen were filled with Bio-C Temp and 15 with Ultracal XS. Five remained without intracanal medication (control group). Five samples from each experimental time (i.e.. 24, 72, and 168 hours) were used to measure pH and calcium ions release using a digital pH meter and microplate reader, respectively. Afterward, the peaks of the chemical elements composing both medications were analyzed in SEM-EDS. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test analyzed the pH and calcium ion release data. Student's t-test compared the medications in each experimental time. SEM-EDS described the percentage of chemical elements in the samples. Bio-C Temp and Ultracal XS showed a significant pH increase from 24 to 168 hours (p<0.05). Ultracal XS showed a higher pH value at 24 hours than Bio-C Temp (p<0.05) but were similar at 72 and 168h (p > 0.05). Calcium ion release did not depend on the experimental period (p > 0.05). Bio-C Temp showed lower calcium ions release than Ultracal XS at 24 hours (p<0.05). SEM-EDS analyses showed the remains of both medications, but the concentration of Si, Al, and W ions was present only in the calcium silicate-based medication. Bio-C Temp presented alkaline pH and a satisfactory calcium ion release over the time. The remaining of both medications were present after the protocols for paste removal.


Resumo Este estudo comparou o pH e a liberação de íons cálcio de medicações intracanais a à base de silicato de cálcio (Bio-C Temp) e à base de hidróxido de cálcio (Ultracal XS). Remanescentes de ambas as medicações também foram avaliados usando microscopia eletrônica de varredura e espectroscopia de dispersão de energia após o protocolo de remoção. Trinta e cinco dentes bovinos foram preparados. Quinze dentes foram preenchidos com Bio-C Temp e 15 com Ultracal XS. Cinco permaneceram sem medicação intracanal (grupo controle). Cinco amostras de cada tempo experimental (ou seja, 24, 72 e 168 horas) foram usadas para medir o pH e a liberação de íons de cálcio usando um medidor de pH digital e um leitor de microplacas, respectivamente. Em seguida, os picos dos elementos químicos que compõem os dois medicamentos foram analisados ​​em microscopia eletrônica de varredura e por espectroscopia de dispersão de energia. Os testes One-way ANOVA e post hoc de Tukey analisaram os dados de pH e liberação de íons cálcio. O teste t de Student comparou as medicações em cada tempo experimental. A microscopia eletrônica de varredura e a espectroscopia de dispersão de energia descreveu a porcentagem de elementos químicos nas amostras. O Bio-C Temp e o Ultracal XS mostraram um aumento significativo de pH de 24 a 168 horas (p<0,05). O Ultracal XS apresentou um valor de pH mais alto em 24 horas do que o Bio-C Temp (p<0,05), mas foi semelhante em 72 e 168h (p > 0,05). A liberação de íons cálcio não dependeu do período experimental (p> 0,05). O Bio-C Temp apresentou menor liberação de íons de cálcio do que Ultracal XS em 24 horas (p<0,05). As análises de microscopia eletrônica de varredura e espectroscopia de dispersão de energia mostraram remanescentes de ambas as medicações, mas a concentração de íons Si, Al e W estavam presentes apenas na medicação à base de silicato de cálcio. O Bio-C Temp apresentou pH alcalino e maior liberação de íons cálcio. Remanescentes de ambas as medicações estiveram presentes após os protocolos de remoção da pasta.

16.
Rev. med. vet. zoot ; 70(2): 192-205, mayo-ago. 2023. graf
Article de Espagnol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1576543

RÉSUMÉ

RESUMEN Se realizó un estudio comparativo para determinar variaciones del pH gastrointestinal posprandial en juveniles de Piaractus brachypomus (n = 21) y Schizodon fasciatus (n = 21) en condiciones de cultivo. Previo ayuno de 24 horas, los peces fueron alimentados tres veces al día a saciedad aparente, empleando una dieta mixta, conformada por alimento balanceado y músculo de corazón de pollo (proporción 1:1). La estimación del pH en el estómago, en la porción anterior y en la porción media del intestino se realizó antes de la alimentación y ocho horas posprandial, utilizando un electrodo de pH con punta tipo lanza. Se observaron diferencias significativas (p < 0,05) de los valores de pH en el estómago y en la porción media del intestino, según el tiempo de digestión en ambas especies; mientras que, en la porción anterior del intestino, solo S. fasciatus mostró diferencias significativas (p < 0,05). En ambas especies se observó un incremento del pH estomacal a la primera hora posprandial (2,39 a 4,78 en P. brachypomus, 4,47 a 4,73 en S. fasciatus), motivado por el efecto del alimento ingerido y con una reducción de los valores al finalizar el experimento. Durante las horas de evaluación, los valores de pH intestinal para P. brachypomus y S. fasciatus estuvieron entre 6,68 y 7,47 y 6,86 y 7,60, respectivamente, aumentando de manera distal a lo largo del intestino. Se concluye que ambas especies presentan una acidificación estomacal permanente, mientras que la porción anterior y media del intestino mantienen un pH ligeramente neutro durante la digestión y asimilación del alimento.


ABSTRACT A comparative study to determine variations in postprandial pH values along the gastrointestinal tract was performed among juveniles of Piaractus brachypomus (n = 21) and Schizodon fasciatus (n = 21) in rearing conditions. After fasting for 24 hours, the fish were fed three times a day to apparent satiety, with a mixed diet containing pelleted balanced food and chicken heart muscle (ratio 1:1). The evaluation was made before feeding and postprandial (eight hours), where the pH values of the stomach, in the anterior and in the middle portions of the intestine were estimated, using a pH electrode with a lancetype tip. Significant differences (p < 0.05) at the stomach and the middle portions of the intestine, according to the digestion time were observed in both species, while at the anterior portions of the intestine, only S. fasciatus showed significant differences (p < 0.05). In both species, an increase in stomach pH was observed in the first postprandial hour (2,39 to 4,78 in P. brachypomus, 4,47 to 4,73 in S. fasciatus), led by the effect of the ingested food, and the pH values were reduced at the end of the experiment. During the evaluation hours, intestinal pH values for P. brachypomus and S. fasciatus were between 6,68 and 7,47 and 6,86 and 7,60, respectively, increasing distally along the intestine. It is concluded that both species present a permanent stomach acidification, and that the anterior and middle portions of the intestine maintain a slightly neutral pH during digestion and assimilation of food.

17.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-229005

RÉSUMÉ

A study was conducted with an objective to assess the soil quality of command areas of Kaleshwaram Project in Karimnagar, Nizamabad and Warangal districts. The assessment was made by developing a soil quality index (SQI) based on relationships among pairs of soil parameters, followed by principal component analysis. The study indicated about superiority of soil pH, available Cu, Mn, P, K and Fe that have significantly contributed to the SQI. Four leading principal components were significant based on eigenvalue of ‘more than 1’ and explained 62.11% of variance in soil parameters. All Kaleshwaram project command areas in Karimnagar, Nizamabad and Warangal were found to have SQIs in the medium range (0.35-0.55) when soil quality was evaluated by looking at the variability present in soil parameters.

18.
Rev. gastroenterol. Perú ; 43(3)jul. 2023.
Article de Anglais | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536349

RÉSUMÉ

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a clinical condition in which gastric reflux causes symptoms or damage to the esophageal mucosa. It is managed with proton pump inhibitors, however, up to 45% of patients with suspected GERD are refractory to treatment. It is necessary to establish a true GERD diagnosis by means of a digestive endoscopy, which does not show lesions in approximately 70% of patients. In this scenario, it is necessary to perform an esophageal pH-impedance measurement, a procedure that allows to determine whether exposure to gastric acid is pathological. Of this group, patients with pathological acid exposure are diagnosed as true non-erosive reflux disease (NERD). If, in addition to not presenting esophageal lesions, they have a physiological exposure to gastric acid, they suffer from esophageal hypersensitivity or functional heartburn, which are functional disorders. These require a different approach from that of GERD or NERD, as the symptoms are not due to pathological exposure to gastric acid. The aim was to calculate the frequency of esophageal hypersensitivity and functional heartburn in patients with suspected NERD. This was a cross-sectional study. Data was collected by reviewing pH-impedance and manometry reports, 166 patients were selected. The frequency for functional disorders was 86.15%, being 46.9% for functional heartburn and 39.2% for esophageal hypersensitivity. The frequency of functional disorders was higher than that reported in previous studies. In conclusion, age, psychological conditions, dietary, cultural, ethnic or lifestyle factors inherent to our environment might play important roles in the development of functional disorders.


La enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico (ERGE) es una condición clínica en la que el reflujo gástrico provoca síntomas o daños en la mucosa esofágica. Se maneja con inhibidores de la bomba de protones; sin embargo, hasta el 45% de los pacientes con sospecha de ERGE son refractarios al tratamiento. Por lo cual, es necesario establecer un verdadero diagnóstico de ERGE mediante una endoscopia digestiva, que no muestra lesiones en aproximadamente el 70% de los pacientes. En este escenario, es necesario realizar una medición de pH-impedancia esofágica, procedimiento que permite determinar si la exposición al ácido gástrico es patológica. De este grupo, los pacientes con exposición patológica al ácido son diagnosticados como verdadera enfermedad por reflujo no erosiva (ERNE). Si además de no presentar lesiones esofágicas, tienen una exposición fisiológica al ácido gástrico, padecen hipersensibilidad esofágica o pirosis funcional, que son trastornos funcionales. Estos requieren un enfoque diferente al ERGE o ERNE, ya que los síntomas no se deben a una exposición patológica al ácido gástrico. El objetivo fue calcular la frecuencia de hipersensibilidad esofágica y pirosis funcional en pacientes con sospecha de ERNE. Este fue un estudio transversal. Los datos se recopilaron mediante la revisión de informes de pH-impedancia y manometría, se seleccionaron 166 pacientes. La frecuencia de trastornos funcionales fue de 86,15%, siendo 46,9% de pirosis funcional y 39,2% de hipersensibilidad esofágica. La frecuencia de trastornos funcionales fue superior a la reportada en estudios previos. En conclusión, la edad, las condiciones psicológicas, los factores dietéticos, culturales, étnicos o de estilo de vida inherentes a nuestro entorno podrían jugar un papel importante en el desarrollo de trastornos funcionales.

19.
Rev. colomb. cienc. pecu ; 36(2): 55-65, Jan.-June 2023. tab
Article de Anglais | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1576265

RÉSUMÉ

Abstract Background: Organic acids and ammonium salts added to drinking water can optimize productivity of broiler chickens. Objective: To evaluate the effect of acidifying drinking water on productive performance, blood and intestinal pH, and intestinal morphology of broilers. Methods: 1,400 one-day-old broiler chicks were used to evaluate two pH levels (4 and 6) of drinking water during three periods (1-21, 1-28, and 1-42 days of age). The treatments consisted of water added with a blend of formic acid (31%), propionic acid (19%), and their salts ammonium formate (26%), and ammonium propionate (6%) compared to a control group (pH 8). Results: Compared to the control, the groups consuming water at pH 6 (0.038 moles) continuously for 42 days improved (p≤0.01) live weight (2.785 vs 2.691 kg), feed conversion ratio (1.430 vs 1.463 kg/kg), and increased the number of intestinal villi (59.0 vs 55.7). Additionally, blood and intestinal pH was reduced vs the control group (7.75 vs 7.89; 6.32 vs 6.41, respectively). Conclusion: The blend of formic and propionic acids and their ammonium salts in drinking water at pH 6 during the complete production cycle of broilers improves performance, increases the number of intestinal villi, and reduces the pH of blood, duodenum, and ileum.


Resumen Antecedentes: Agregar ácidos orgánicos y sus sales amoniacales en el agua de bebida de pollos de engorde puede optimizar su productividad. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la acidificación del agua de bebida sobre el rendimiento productivo, pH sanguíneo e intestinal, y morfología intestinal del pollo de engorde. Métodos: Se utilizaron 1.400 pollos de engorde de un día de edad para evaluar dos niveles de pH (4 y 6) en agua de bebida durante tres períodos (1-21, 1-28 y 1-42 días de edad). Los tratamientos consistieron en agua con una mezcla de ácido fórmico (31%), ácido propiónico (19%) y sus sales formiato de amonio (26%) y propionato de amonio (6%) en comparación con un grupo control (pH 8). Resultados: En comparación con el control, los grupos que recibieron agua a pH 6 (0,038 moles) continuamente durante 42 días tuvieron mejor (p≤0,01) rendimiento en términos de peso vivo (2,785 vs 2,691 kg) y conversión alimenticia (1,430 vs 1,463 kg/kg) así como un mayor número de vellosidades intestinales (59,0 vs 55,7). Adicionalmente, el pH sanguíneo e intestinal disminuyó vs el grupo control (7,75 vs 7,89; 6,32 vs 6,41, respectivamente). Conclusión: La mezcla de ácidos fórmico y propiónico y sus sales de amonio en el agua de bebida a pH 6 durante todo el ciclo productivo mejora los parámetros productivos en pollos de engorde, aumenta el número de vellosidades intestinales y reduce el pH de la sangre, duodeno e íleon.


Resumo Antecedentes: Recomendações para a aplicação de mistura de ácidos orgânicos e sais de amônio na água potável são necessárias para otimizar a produtividade em frangos de corte. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da acidificação da água de bebida no desempenho produtivo, pH sanguíneo e intestinal e morfologia intestinal. Métodos: 1.400 pintos de corte entre 1 e 42 dias de idade foram utilizados para avaliar dois níveis de pH (4 e 6) na água de beber entre três períodos (1-21, 1-28 e 1-42 dias de idade) de tratamentos em água com uma mistura de ácido fórmico 31%, ácido propiônico 19%, e seus sais formato de amônio 26% e propionato de amônio 6% em relação ao controle (pH 8). Resultados: Os grupos que receberam água continuamente pH 6 (0,038 mols), por 42 dias tiveram melhor desempenho em relação ao controle (p≤0,01) em termos de peso vivo (2,785 vs 2,691 kg) e conversão alimentar (1,430 vs 1,463 kg/kg), bem como aumento do número de vilosidades intestinais (59,0 vs 55,7), sangue e pH intestinal reduzidos vs controle (7,75 vs 7,89; 6,32 vs 6,41). Conclusão: A mistura dos ácidos fórmico e propiônico e seus sais de amônio na água de bebida em pH 6 durante o ciclo completo de produção melhorou os parâmetros de produção em frangos de 42 dias de idade e aumentou o número de vilosidades intestinais e uma redução no sangue, duodeno, e pH do íleo.

20.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-228848

RÉSUMÉ

Information about soil properties helps the farmers to adopt e?ective and e?cient farming practices, which can increase higher yields with optimum usage of farm resources. An attempt has been made in this paper to predict soil properties using geospatial kriging approaches. This study mainly focuses on predicting soil pH using different kriging methods. Soil pH dramatically affects many other soil processes, such as nitrification and denitrification, mineralization, precipitation, and dissolution of soil organic matter. Total of seven kriging semivariogram models, namely spherical, circular, exponential, Gaussian, and linear, while two models of universal kriging, such as linear with linear drift and linear with quadratic drift, have been taken to interpolate the spatial soil pH. The performances of these entire models have been validated using mean error, and root mean square error. Spatial analysis revealed that Universal kriging outperformed ordinary kriging with less mean error and root mean square error, 0.016 and 0.52, respectively. The spatial analysis of soil mapping can be instrumental in adopting real-time and on-the-go soil precision practices.

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