Drug therapy analysis and care on a patient with Lemierre’s syndrome / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To provide a reference for the early diagnosis， drug treatment and medication monitoring for patients with Lemierre’s syndrome. METHODS The doctors confirmed the diagnosis of the patient as having Lemierre’s syndrome based on the patient’s condition and the results of metagenomic next-generation sequencing （mNGS）， and the clinical pharmacists participated in the treatment process of the patient. During the treatment process， the clinical pharmacists suggested using piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium combined with metronidazole for anti-infective treatment against Fusobacterium necrophorum infection； clinical pharmacists recommend anticoagulant treatment with Enoxaparin sodium injection for left internal jugular vein thrombophlebitis. RESULTS The doctors accepted the suggestion of the clinical pharmacists， and the patient’s condition improved after treatment and was allowed to be discharged with medication. CONCLUSIONS By interpreting the results of mNGS， combined with the patient’s condition， the clinical pharmacists assist doctors in formulating individualized anti-infective and anticoagulant plans for the patient and provide medication monitoring， ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the patient’s medication.

Investigation and analysis of pharmaceutical management in compact medical consortium of Guangdong province / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current situation of pharmaceutical management in compact medical consortium of Guangdong province， and to provide decision-making basis for promoting the high-quality construction and sustainable development of the provincial medical consortium. METHODS A self-designed questionnaire was used to select 50 compact medical consortiums in Guangdong province. The survey was answered by the heads of the pharmacy department of the general hospitals. The survey covered the basic scale of the consortium， the appointment of chief pharmacists， the implementation of pharmaceutical management and pharmaceutical care homogenization within the consortium， the difficulties in promoting the homogenization， and the expected provincial support. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed on the survey results. RESULTS A total of 50 questionnaires were collected， and the effective recovery rate was 100%. There were 16 chief pharmacists （32.00%） in charge of the pharmacy department of the general hospital in the medical consortium. Thirty-seven medical consortiums （74.00%） had established a drug supply support system within the consortium， 35 medical consortiums （70.00%） had carried out pharmaceutical management and coordination work within the medical consortium， 23 medical consortiums （46.00%） had established a clinical medication guidance system， 25 medical consortiums chenwenying2016@163.com （50.00%） had established a bidirectional communication mechanism， and only 8 medical consortiums （16.00%） had developed new models of pharmaceutical care. At present， the difficulties in promoting the homogenization of pharmaceutical management and pharmaceutical care within the medical consortium were mainly found in three aspects： the wide gap in management level of each member unit， the lack and uneven level of pharmaceutical personnel， and insufficient policy support and implementation. Most medical consortiums hoped that relevant departments could promote the homogenization of pharmaceutical work by holding special training courses or special supervision. CONCLUSIONS At present， the compact medical consortium in Guangdong province has achieved initial results in the implementation of the chief pharmacist system， the homogenization of pharmaceutical management and pharmaceutical care. However， it is still necessary to improve the coverage of chief pharmacist appointments in the medical consortium， implement the homogenization of pharmaceutical management， and accelerate the homogenization process of pharmaceutical care.

Anti-infection treatment and pharmaceutical care for a patient with severe pneumonia caused by Chlamydia psittaci / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To provide ideas and reference for the anti-infection treatment and pharmaceutical care for severe pneumonia caused by Chlamydia psittaci. METHODS Clinical pharmacists participated in the whole process of the treatment for a patient with C. psittaci-induced severe pneumonia. According to the patient’s medical history， clinical symptoms and test results， clinical pharmacists assisted the physician to dynamically adjust the anti-infective scheme； for C. psittaci infection， the patient was treated with tigecycline combined with azithromycin successively， and other infection therapy plans were dynamically adjusted according to the results of pathogen examination. During the treatment， the patient suffered from suspicious adverse drug reactions such as prolonged QTc interval， elevated lipase and amylase； the clinical pharmacists conducted pharmaceutical care and put forward reasonable suggestions. RESULTS The physician adopted the pharmacists’ suggestion， and the patient was discharged after treatment. CONCLUSIONS For the treatment of severe pneumonia caused by C. psittaci， the characteristics of patients， drugs and pathogens should be taken into account to develop individualized anti-infective treatment. Tetracyclines and macrolides have a definite effect on C. psittaci infection， but attention should be paid to the possible ADR caused by drugs in clinical application.

The impact of Covid-19 on community and hospital pharmacists: a thematic analysis study

Abstract There are a limited number of studies examining the effects of the pandemic on the daily lives of Turkish community pharmacists, and no research investigating the impact on the lives of Turkish hospital pharmacists has been found. This study aimed to examine the effects of the pandemic on the personal and professional lives of Turkish community pharmacists and hospital pharmacists. In this qualitative study design, a comprehensive set of interviews was conducted with a total of 13 community pharmacists and 7 hospital pharmacists, employing a semi-structured interview guide. Through thematic content analysis of the interviews, four main themes, 1) long-term impacts, 2) dealing strategies, 3) professional life impacts, 4) personal life impacts, have emerged for both community pharmacists and hospital pharmacists. In addition to the psychological impacts and supply chain issues commonly mentioned in the literature, the study revealed ongoing effects such as the inability to sell available products and economic difficulties. Also, the increased demand for over-the-counter products during the pandemic highlights the need for the government to develop policies to address this issue.

A cross-sectional evaluation of behavior and attitude of pharmacists toward dispensing non-OTC drugs without prescription in a city of Southern Rajasthan

Background: Over the counter (OTC), drugs are found to be safe and appropriate for use without supervision of a healthcare professional such as physician and they can be purchased by consumers without prescription. The study gains its importance because of the spreading of misuse of antibiotics and various drugs adverse drug reactions in the society. Aims and Objectives: The main aim of the study is to observe as to how many pharmacists/chemists/drug store sellers follow or violate the drug cosmetic act. Materials and Methods: It is an observational and cross-sectional study conducted among pharmacies of Udaipur city, urban areas of Southern Rajasthan. The study includes a sample size of 200 pharmacies selected through convenient random sampling. A detailed semi-structured questionnaire is administered to the pharmacists. The set of questions include types of drugs, reason for dispensing, knowledge, and attitude of pharmacist toward dispensing non-OTC drugs. All the private pharmacies willing to participate were included in the study. Data are entered in Microsoft Excel and statistically analyzed. Results: The results throw light on the behavior and pattern of dispensing habits of the drug store sellers of the city of Udaipur, Southern Rajasthan. It was observed that many pharmacists are in fact in the habit of dispensing non-OTC drugs in almost all the areas. Conclusions: Results give insights about the groups of drugs, logic, behavior, and knowledge level of pharmacists involved in dispensing practices in the city of Udaipur. There should be structured educational campaigns (or use of media, internet, newspaper, radio, television, advertisements, mobiles, etc.) for both pharmacists and public.

Efeito do aconselhamento farmacêutico na adesão à medicação do paciente e na erradicação do Helicobacter Pylori em pacientes ambulatoriais jordanianos / Effect of pharmacist counseling on patient medication compliance and helicobacter pylori eradication among jordanian outpatients

ABSTRACT Background: To examine the impact of pharmacist counseling and follow-up on patient's medication compliance and Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) eradication and evaluate the efficiency of an eradication regimen consisting of Clarithromycin 500 mg, Amoxicillin 1 g, and Lansoprazole 30 mg, twice daily for 14 days. Methods: Two hundred patients undergoing endoscopy and positive rapid urease tests were included in the present study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: an intervention group (n=100) and a control group (n=100). The intervention patients obtained their medications from the hospital pharmacist and received sufficient counseling and follow-up. On the other hand, the control patients received their medications from another hospital pharmacist and went through the routine hospital procedure without good counseling and follow-up. Results: The intervention resulted in a statistically significant improvement in outpatient compliance with medication (45.0% vs 27.5%; P<0.05) and eradication of H. pylori (28.5% vs 42.5%; P<0.05) among those patients. Conclusion: This study reflects the importance of pharmacist counseling and patient compliance to medication, as the patients who received pharmacist counseling exhibited perfect compliance to medication, which led to the successful eradication of H. pylori.

RESUMO Contexto: Analisar o impacto do aconselhamento e acompanhamento farmacêutico na adesão medicamentosa do paciente e na erradicação do Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) e avaliar a eficiência de um regime de erradicação composto por Claritromicina 500 mg, Amoxicilina 1 g e Lansoprazol 30 mg, duas vezes ao dia por 14 dias. Métodos Duzentos pacientes submetidos à endoscopia e testes rápidos de urease positivos foram incluídos no presente estudo. Os pacientes foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: um grupo intervenção (n=100) e um grupo controle (n=100). Os pacientes de intervenção obtiveram seus medicamentos do farmacêutico do hospital e receberam aconselhamento e acompanhamento suficientes. Por outro lado, os pacientes do grupo controle receberam seus medicamentos de outro farmacêutico hospitalar e passaram pelo procedimento hospitalar de rotina sem um bom aconselhamento e acompanhamento. Resultados: A intervenção do farmacêutico resultou em melhora estatisticamente significativa na adesão ambulatorial à medicação (45,0% vs 27,5%; P<0,05) e na erradicação de H. pylori (28,5% vs 42,5%; P<0,05) entre esses pacientes. Conclusão Este estudo reflete a importância do aconselhamento farmacêutico e da adesão do paciente à medicação, uma vez que os pacientes que receberam aconselhamento farmacêutico apresentaram perfeita adesão à medicação, o que levou à erradicação bem-sucedida da H. pylori.

Construction of quantitative evaluation system of regional clinical pharmacists’professional ability / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To construct the quantitative evaluation system of regional clinical pharmacists’ professional ability， and provide reference for the evaluation of regional clinical pharmacists’ professional ability. METHODS Twenty-one experts from 18 hospitals in Chongqing were consulted to construct a professional ability index system for clinical pharmacists. TOPSIS model was used to calculate and obtain the expert authority index （EI）， and the weighted averaging method was used to construct the judgment matrix. Analytic hierarchy process （AHP） was used to calculate the weights of all indicators for establishing a quantitative evaluation system of regional clinical pharmacists’ professional ability according to the weights of each item. RESULTS The results of TOPSIS showed that the EI range was 0.010-0.100， and the relative authority of experts was distinguished and measured effectively. The results of AHP showed that the judgment matrix of the quantitative evaluation system met the requirements of consistency test （consistency test index CR＜0.1）. Finally， a quantitative evaluation system for regional clinical pharmacists’ professional ability was established， including 6 sub-objective items （basic ability， clinical practice ability， coordination and communication ability， publicity ability， scientific research and teaching ability， continuous improvement ability） and 25 index items （such as educational background， professional title， clinical pharmacy working years， daily theoretical skills assessment， information ability level， medication education， etc.）. CONCLUSIONS A quantitative evaluation system of regional clinical pharmacists’ professional ability has been established. Our study provides a theoretical reference for the quantitative evaluation and optimal management of regional clinical pharmacists.

Discussion on the concept of collaboration between clinical pharmacists and physicians in China / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To make up the research gap of the concept of collaboration between clinical pharmacists and physicians in China， and to provide a theoretical basis for further improving the collaboration. METHODS Literature analysis was used to sort out the existing concepts of collaboration. Combined with the current practice and development trend of the collaboration between clinical pharmacists and physicians in China， the basic elements of the concept were deconstructed and the connotation of each component of the concept was explained in detail. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS Based on the above theoretical research and practical analysis， the concept of collaboration between clinical pharmacists and physicians in the context of China was defined， that is， clinical pharmacists and physicians adhere to the patient-centered and rational drug use as the core in clinical drug therapy， and make joint decisions on drug management and drug therapy on the basis of communication， respect， trust and sharing， so as to ensure the effectiveness， safety and economy of clinical pharmaceutical care， and improve the coordination and cooperation process of comprehensive disease treatment system.

Pharmacotherapy of patients with left ventricular assist devices / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

Left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are increasingly used in patients with end-stage heart failure. Devices significantly affect patient physiology, leading to unique complications and different drug treatment strategies. The pharmacist is an integral part of a multidisciplinary team and has the responsibility to help patients use their medicines safely and appropriately. It is important to anticipate common postoperative complications and prepare appropriate treatments for them. This article reviews the current guidelines and research literature on the management of pharmacotherapy in patients with LVAD, integrates clinical research practice, summarizes the medication relevant experience and presents a review.

Practice and reflection on continuing education and training of clinical pharmacists in the neurology department / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To provide a reference for continuing education and training of clinical pharmacists. METHODS The revision of the syllabus and the improvement of training methods of practical skills training class for clinical pharmacists in the neurology department held by Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from 2007 to 2022 was sorted to summarize its advantages and characteristics. RESULTS Training programs were developed to benefit clinical pharmacists at different levels， and the training contents were adjusted according to the training programs and the needs of trainees. Teachers with teaching experience were selected to participate in the teaching. Theory teaching was combined with practice teaching in the teaching process， and case teaching and question-based teaching methods were adopted to benefit both senior clinical pharmacists and new clinical pharmacists. In addition， the influence of the training class was expanded through online teaching， so that doctors and pharmacists could communicate and learn together on the platform of the training class. For example， when designing the training program， we replaced one common neurological disease every two years， and carried rollover study on its new progress and new ideas； clinical pharmacist skill course was reduced， drug history writing， information retrieval and test index interpretation were compressed into clinical pharmacy skill course. CONCLUSIONS The continuing education platform is established for clinical pharmacists； new knowledge and concepts that clinical pharmacists of this specialty need to be familiar with are compiled into the teaching syllabus， and the experts who are familiar with the training of clinical pharmacists are selected to explain to the students so that the students could follow the platform to constantly update their knowledge and improve the ability of clinical pharmacists to participate in the clinic work.

Practice of pediatric pharmacists providing internet medication consultation services based on the platform of “Our Pharmacists” / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect of pharmaceutical practice of pediatric pharmacists providing internet medication consultation services. METHODS A total of 8 356 children’s medication cases through the “Our Pharmacists” online medication consultation platform （hereinafter referred to as “Our Pharmacists”） were collected from July 2020 to June 2022. The general information， disease type and irrational drug use were analyzed statistically. RESULTS Among 8 356 cases， 4 234 were male and 4 122 were female； the age of children was mainly from 12 months to 3 years old； the consulting diseases were mainly respiratory diseases （46.56%）， followed by digestive system diseases （18.41%） and skin system diseases （12.71%）. Among respiratory diseases， the proportion of irrational drug use was 92.30%， mainly including the use of antibiotics without indication （83.59%）， inappropriate selection of Chinese patent medicines （61.14%） and compound cold medicines （49.77%）， etc. Among digestive system diseases， the proportion of irrational drug use was 71.15%， mainly including not using oral rehydration salts （48.85%）， inappropriate use of probiotics （31.19%）， the use of antibiotics without indication （26.89%）， etc. A total of 4 273 evaluations of pharmacist services were received from child guardians， with a five-star rating of 99.88%. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacists provide pediatric medication consultation services through “Our Pharmacists”， providing individualized evidence-based medication suggestions， increasing the safety of drug use and satisfaction with pharmaceutical care， and ensuring the safety of children medication.

Investigation of the mode of pharmacist participating in multi-disciplinary diagnosis and treatment and effect evaluation / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the mode of pharmacists’ participation in multi-disciplinary diagnosis and treatment （MDT）， as well as the effects of pharmacists’ participation. METHODS Retrieved from Cochrane Library， PubMed， Embase， CNKI， CBM and Wanfang database， experimental studies and observational studies on the effects of MDT with pharmacists on clinical outcomes of patients were collected. After data extraction and quality evaluation， the results of included studies were analyzed descriptively. RESULTS A total of 10 studies were included， among which 3 were randomized controlled trials （RCT）， 2 were non-RCT， 4 were cohort and 1 was case-control study； there were 2 422 patients in total. In terms of effectiveness， tumor progression-free survival， glycosylated hemoglobin， re-admission rate and length of stay and other indexes were all improved significantly after pharmacists participated in MDT. In terms of safety， the incidence of major bleeding events was significantly decreased after pharmacists participated in MDT. In terms of economy， hospitalization costs and total outpatient expenses were improved significantly after pharmacists participated in MDT， but medical cost was not improved significantly. In terms of humanistic outcomes， there was controversy over the conclusion of patient compliance after pharmacists participated in MDT. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacists， based on their own pharmaceutical care skills and methods， actively participate in MDT throughout the process， improving the clinical outcomes of patients and enhancing the safety of medication. There are still controversies regarding economic and humanistic outcomes.

Application of flipped classroom teaching mode in community clinical pharmacist training / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application and effect of flipped classroom in community clinical pharmacist training.Methods:Seventeen pharmacists trained in 2017-2018 were used as the control group and received traditional teaching mode. Fourteen pharmacists trained in 2019-2020 were used as the experimental group and received the flipped classroom teaching mode. Finally, the teaching effect was evaluated through the trainees' graduation examination results and satisfaction degree. The SPSS 25.0 was used to conduct the t test and chi-square test. Results:The task performance, prescription audit scores, clinical practice scores, and total scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in usual performance between the two groups ( P>0.05). For satisfaction survey, the total score of Likert scale in the experimental group was (20.1±3.4), which was significantly higher than that in the control group (16.9±3.4). However, there was no significant difference in the satisfaction of clinical practice and teachers' level between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Flipped classroom can improve the enthusiasm of community clinical pharmacist trainees to participate in learning, increase the level of the trainees' theoretical knowledge and professional practice, and is conducive to the cultivation of high-quality community clinical pharmacists.

Exploration and practice of innovation mode of clinical pharmacists training / 中华医学教育探索杂志

In view of the current situation of the construction of clinical pharmacist system and the teaching and training of clinical pharmacist training base in China, this paper provides a reference for perfecting and improving the training mode of clinical pharmacists in China. By establishing a clinical pharmacist system that develops a "two-focus" model, it takes the "trinity" of "hierarchical teaching-innovative practice-stage assessment" as the operating mechanism of teaching management, and the innovative mode of training clinical pharmacist talents with diversified information service platform as the technical support system, thereby providing an effective model for training excellent clinical pharmaceutical care talents.

Pharmaceutical care of a critical patient with acute heart failure after PCI by clinical pharmacists / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To explore the role of clinical pharmacists in the treatment of critical patients with acute heart failure after percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）， and to provide reference for drug treatment and monitoring of such patients. METHODS Clinical pharmacists participated in the treatment of a critical patient with acute heart failure after PCI， and assisted physicians to jointly develop individualized medication plans based on domestic and foreign literature： it was suggested to give imipenem and cilastatin for anti-infective therapy， adjust drug dose according to renal function， and timely descend step therapy； Levetiracetam tablets were selected to prevent epilepsy； the differential diagnosis and treatment of rhabdomyolysis possibly caused by Atorvastatin calcium tablets were performed； the whole process of pharmaceutical care was conducted. RESULTS Physicians adopted the suggestions of clinical pharmacists. The acute heart failure of the patient was controlled， the pulmonary infection was improved， the adverse reaction symptoms were relieved， and the patient was successfully transferred out of the ICU. CONCLUSIONS For severe patients， when giving imipenem and cilastatin for anti-infection treatment，the clinical pharmacist should adjust the dose according to the patient’s renal function and be alert to the possible neurotoxicity. During the treatment with Atorvastatin calcium tablets，the clinical pharmacist should comprehensively analyze the risk of rhabdomyolysis. For the adverse reactions that have occurred， clinical pharmacist should promptly address symptomatic issues to ensure the safety and effectiveness of medication for patients.

Effect of clinical pharmaceutical care on our outpatient service of Traditional Chinese Medicine pharmacy / 药学实践杂志

Objective To explore the role of clinical pharmaceutical care in outpatient service of traditional Chinese medicine. Methods Two hundred patients who were not taking medicines for the first time (had received routine medication explanations) and had made an appointment for the next outpatient TCM service were randomly selected for questionnaire survey during July to October, 2021. After the intervention of clinical pharmacy care, the questionnaire survey was conducted again, and the results of the questionnaire survey of patients before and after the clinical pharmacy care were compared. Results After clinical pharmacy intervention, the scores of eight questions in the questionnaire were significantly improved (except for the awareness of taking drugs, P values of the other seven items were all <0.05). Conclusion The development of TCM clinical pharmaceutical care could effectively improve patients' safety awareness of medication safety. The patients' awareness of the use of Traditional Chinese Medicine and medication compliance had also been significantly improved. The awareness of pharmacists role in patients was enhanced. The outpatient pharmaceutical care of Traditional Chinese Medicine was effectively improved, which is important to rational drug use.

Construction and effect evaluation of simulation teaching system based on the competency of resident pharmacists / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To build a standardized simulation teaching system for resident pharmacists and evaluate its effects， and to provide reference for improving the competency of resident pharmacists. METHODS The established simulation teaching system for pharmacy residents’ standardized training in the study included revising the simulation teaching syllabus， setting up simulation teaching courses， implementing the teaching method through “six types of simulations”， applying objective structured clinical examination （OSCE） for assessment， building a simulation teaching team and strengthening the simulation teaching management. The effect evaluation was perfermed with mixed research method， and qualitative and quantitative research methods were used to collect and analyze data and information. RESULTS ＆＆CONCLUSIONS Compared with the traditional teaching system， the passing rate of graduation examination （71.4% vs. 100%） and the score of after-department examination （[ 76.2±7.8） vs. （90.4±4.9）] under the simulation teaching mode were higher； through questionnaire surveys and qualitative interviews， we found that resident pharmacists who went through simulation teaching gave positive feedback on the role and impact of this system. The simulation teaching system can be used with good generalizability for the standardized training of resident pharmacists， and can provide strong basis and support for the high-quality development of hospital pharmacy.

Study of Factors Affecting Patients’ Intention to Provide Information to Pharmacists: Publicizing the Contribution of Pharmacists to Pharmacotherapy through Animation Video / 社会薬学

Objectives: At the pharmacy, information obtained from patients by pharmacists is often inadequate. To motivate patients to provide information, we explored factors influencing their willingness to provide information and evaluated changes in their intention through informing of pharmacists’ contribution to pharmacotherapy. Methods: Four videos regarding pharmacists’ contribution to pharmacotherapy were created. A total of 600 participants who regularly visit pharmacies were targeted. One hundred and fifty participants watched one of the four videos and answered questions about their willingness to provide information to pharmacists before and after watching the videos. Key findings: The positive factors influencing the willingness to provide information were trust in the pharmacist and knowing pharmacists’ contribution to pharmacotherapy. After watching any of the videos, the willingness to provide information increased (P<0.001). In addition, when the participants were divided into two groups based on whether or not they had already known about the video content, the willingness of the participants in both aware and unaware groups to provide information improved (P<0.001). The factors that improved willingness in participants with low willingness were an explanation from their family pharmacist and trust in the pharmacist. On the contrary, having diabetes was a restraining factor. Conclusion: The study revealed that publicizing pharmacists’ contribution to pharmacotherapy increases the patients’ willingness to provide information to the pharmacist, regardless of their original level of awareness of the contribution. Furthermore, patient-pharmacist relationships based on trust in the pharmacist were influential.

US Value-Based Healthcare Policy and Its Role of Pharmacists: Contribution of Pharmacist in Accountable Care Organization (ACO) / 社会薬学

In the United States, the concepts of “Pay For Performance” and “Value-Based Health Care” were introduced, and it has been taken up as the way forward for the American health care systems. As one of the measures, an Accountable Care Organization (ACO) was included in the federal Affordable Care Act, and are being promoted for the purpose of balancing cost savings and good quality assurance in the healthcare field. In this manuscript, we provide an overview of the system of ACO, which is one of the value-based health care systems and was introduced with the aim of balancing cost savings and good quality assurance of medical care, and also focus on the role of pharmacists in ACO and summarize their roles they are executing and expected. Furthermore, we discuss on what we should learn from the United States in considering the ideal medical care systems in Japan.

Protocol based Pharmacotherapy Management to Support the Treatment of Constipation in Rehabilitation Hospitals / 日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会誌

Introduction: We investigated a protocol to support the treatment of constipation that was developed in collaboration with physicians and the effectiveness of Protocol Based Pharmacotherapy Management (PBPM) performed by pharmacists in improving constipation.Methiod: Patients with constipation who underwent PBPM between August 2020 and May 2021 were included in this study. The results of the Constipation Scoring System (CSS) and the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) assessments by pharmacists on the first day of intervention and at discharge were collected retrospectively to evaluate the efficacy of PBPM. Wilcoxon's signed rank test was used for statistical analysis, and the threshold value for rejecting the null hypothesis was p < 0.05.Results: Of the 23 eligible patients, three were excluded according to the criteria, and 20 patients were included. Median CSS improved significantly from 11.5 points [8.25-16.75] at the first intervention to 5.5 points [2.75-10.25] at discharge. The median BSFS improved significantly from Type 2 [2-3] to Type 3.5 [3-4]. Conclusion: PBPM by pharmacists to support the treatment of constipation resulted in improvement of constipation.