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The current interdisciplinary research on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） often comes from the simple combination of TCM application needs and mature engineering technology. Actually， higher goal of cross-disciplinary research should be the win-win development of TCM and interdisciplinary majors. In detail， to enhance the innovative development of original thinking mode of TCM， meanwhile， to stimulate the innovation of interdisciplinary majors with medical tasks. Previously， we successfully performed the research on the objective representation of pre-disease and disease state of dyslipidemia in population with phlegm-dampness constitution. Taking this project as an example， this paper discusses the methodology on scientific issue positioning， key medical tasks selection， interdisciplinary theory， and technology exploration， to expounds the research design and ideas which could be generalized in other cross-disciplinary research of TCM.
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Objective To study the relation between alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (AIONFH) related with high morbidity TCM constitution type with CYP2C8 gene polymorphisms.Methods Totally 152 Han nationality NONFH cases from Feburary 2014 to September 2015 from outpatient and the inpatient departments in Gansu Province Hospital of TCM were collected. 50 AIONFH cases were set as medical case group; meanwhile, 45 healthy volunteers were enrolled as control group. Database for medical materials of all patients and volunteers was established. TCM distribution for AIONFH patients was determined. Solution DNA extraction kit was used to extract DNA, and detect the concentration and purity of DNA. The target gene was amplified by PCR and the target gene was amplified by gel electrophoresis. The length of the fragment was confirmed to conduct target gene sequencing. With the results of sequencing and gel electrophoresis, the relation of AIONFH with CYP2C8 gene polymorphism in AIONFH patients with phlegm-dampness syndrome and the control group.ResultsThe CYP2C8 gene loci rs17110453 gene polymorphism was not statistically significant between the two groups (χ2=0.253,P>0.05). There was no significant difference in allele between the two groups (χ2=0.077,P>0.05). The risk of disease in CC genotype was 1.37 times higher than the AA genotype (95%CI: 0.339-5.540), without statistical significance (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in genotype and allele distribution between AIONFH patients with phlegm-dampness and non-phlegm-dampness and the control group (P>0.05).Conclusion CYP2C8 gene loci rs17110453 gene polymorphism A/C mutation has no obvious relation with AIONFH risk. There is no clear relationship between CYP2C8 gene loci rs17110453 gene polymorphism with AIONFH.
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Objective To investigate the effect of Shanzha Xiaozhi Capsules (SXC) on body weight, metabolic indexes, body fat accumulation and distribution of obesity patients with phlegm-dampness constitution. Methods Fifty obesity patients with phlegm-dampness constitution were randomized into control group and medicine group, 25 cases in each group. The control group was given lifestyle instructions for diet and exercises, and the medicine group was treated with SXC orally besides the instructions for lifestyle. The treatment for both groups covered 12 weeks. Before and after treatment, we observed the outcomes including scores of phlegm-dampness, body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, serum lipid profile, urine acid, body fat accumulation and distribution, and visceral fat accumulation. Results(1) The scores of phlegm-dampness were decreased significantly in both groups after treatment (P0.05). Hip circumference was decreased significantly in both groups(P 0.05).(3) Systolic pressure and diastolic pressure were decreased significantly in both groups (P 0.05).(4) Fasting blood glucose, 2-hour blood glucose after oral glucose tolerance test, serum lipid profile and urine acid remained unchanged in both groups after treatment (P>0.05). (5) The general body fat accumulation of both groups was decreased significantly after treatment (P 0.05). Waist fat accumulation had no significant decrease in the control group (P > 0 . 05), but was decreased in the medicine group (P<0.01). Visceral fat accumulation was decreased significantly in both groups after treatment(P<0.01), and the decrease was obvious in the medicine group (P<0.01). Conclusion In addition to its contribution to body weight loss, SXC also contribute to the reduction of visceral fat accumulation in obesity patients with phlegm-dampness constitution .
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Objective To explore the anomalous effects of India buead and coix seed powder on phlegm-dampness constitution dyslipidemia through population-based intervention studies. Methods According to the experimental results of the model group with dyslipidemia, the phlegm-dampness population meeting the inclusion criteria were chosen as the samples for the randomized controlled trial, who were divided into test meal (21 males and 39 females) and blank control (23 males and 37 females) groups with 60 cases in each, aged 18 to 65 y and the total of 120 cases completed the study. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 18.0 statistical software. The self comparison wass conducted by the method of paired-sample t test and the comparison between groups was conducted by using independent sample t test. The categorical statistics were described as frequency and compared throughc2 test, P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Without changing the original way of life, the meal group having taken the India buead and coix seed powder was compared independently and with the control group for TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C to detect the trends and degrees of the level changes. Meanwhile, according to efficacy tests and standards, the changes in the level of TC, TG and HDL-C have been evaluated and the efficiency and total effective rates of all the variables have been calculated. Results After the intervention, there was a declining tendency in each variable, 8.9%in TC, 21.4%in TG, and 27.2%in LDL-C, except for an increase of 0.13 mmol/L in HDL. There were significant differences in the variables before and after the intervention (P<0.05 in each). As for the test meal group after the intervention, the effectiveness of TC has been obtained in 25 cases and inefficacy in 35 cases, with efficiency of 41.7%;the effectiveness of TG has been shown in 53 cases and inefficacy in 7 cases, with efficiency of 88.3%;the effectiveness of HDL-C has been gained in26 cases and inefficacy in 34 cases, with efficiency of 43.3%; and the total effective rate was 57.8%. Conclusions There are significant changes and improvements in TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C in the test meal group after the intervention with the powder, which demonstrate that the powder is effective in the reduction of TG for animals with dyslipidemia and populations with phlegm-dampness constitution.
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Objective To investigate the difference of TCM body constitution betweenpeople of the Shimian county and Chengdu city. Methods 200 sub-health patients in clinic of Shimian TCM Hospital were selected randomly. Another 200 sub-health patients in clinic of the Second Sichuan Province Hospital of TCM wererandomly selected. The two groups were identified with TCM body constitution based on the clinical symptoms, tongue, pulse condition, etc. Comparisons on body constitution were made between the two groups. Results In Chengdu, patients withbalance constitution and Qi deficiency constitution (respectively have the proportion of 33.0% and 20.0%)were significantly higher than thoseof Shimian County(the proportion of the two wererespectively 4.0% and 6.0%);while Shimian County have a significantly higher ratio of phlegm dampness and blood stasis constitution(43.5% and 13.0%)than those in Chengdu city(the proportion of the two wererespectively 8.0%and 4.0%), P<0.01. Conclusion Because of different regions, the population constitution ratio wasdifferent, so the disease tendency wasalso somewhat different. Therefore, physicians should give full consideration to the regional factors in diagnosing and treating patients.
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Objective Observe the relation of phlegm-dampness constitution and insulin resistance in first-degree non-diabetic relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods Collected first-degree relatives without mabetes of patients with type 2 diabetic patients 87 cases.Among these 87 cases,39 cases were phlegm-dampness constitution and 48 were not.Fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and fasting insulin(FINS)were measured,and insulin resistance index(IR)was calculated.Results There were significant differences between the two groups in FINS and IR(P＜0.05)..Conclusion The IR of the First-degree non-diabetic relatives with phlegm-dampness constitution of patients with type 2 diabetes have greater insulin resistance than the First-degree non-diabetic relatives with non-phlegm-dampness constitution of patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Phlegm-dampness constitution is one of the popular somatotypes.By analysizing the pertinent literature of modern researches,we think since the late 1970s,modern Chinese medical physicians have systemic studied phlegm-dampness constitution from aspect of theory,clinic and experiment.Theoretical and applied basis of TCM phlegm-dampness constitution has been constructed,but still need to be supplemented.The future of research methods and direction is prospected in this paper.
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Phlegm is an important etiopathogenisis of female reproductive dysfunction in TCM.ZHU Dan-xi put forward the famous constitution theory of "phlegm in fat people",and there was internal regularity in pathogenesis of wemen with phlegm-dampness constitution.His viewpoint guided the clinical treatment objectively and provided a solid theorectical basis of preventing and treating female reproductive dysfunction induced by phlegm-dapness.Therefore,this paper will discuss the relationship between phlegm-dampness constitution and female reproductive dysfunction from the characteristics of pglegm-dampness constitute,correlation of obesity and pglegm-dampness constitute,and so on.
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Classification is a foundational problem in TCM Constitution Theory,phlegm-dampness constitution is one kind of elementary constitutions type.To normalize and deepdeepen research on classification of Constitution,we generalize the characteristics and establish diagnosis standard of phlegm-dampness constitutions.In our study,we examined gene expression profiles of peripheral blood cells by using Affymetrix GeneChip Human Genome U133A,revealed special expressed genes of phlegm-dampness constitutions.