Identification of chemical constituents in Shenfu injection and study on anti-inflammatory activities of its poly- acetylene compounds / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents in S henfu injection and the anti-inflammatory activities of its polyacetylene compounds. METHODS Shenfu injection was separated and purified by macroporous adsorption resin ，medium pressure liquid chromatography ，preparative thin layer chromatography and reversed-phase semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography，and the compound structure was identified according to the physicochemical properties and spectral data. RAW 264.7 cell inflammation model was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activities of polyacetylene compounds . The effects of active polyacetylene compounds on the expressions of cyclooxygenase- 2（COX-2）protein were evaluated by Western blot assay. RESULTS Twelves compounds were isolated and identified from Shenfu injection ，including 8 ginsenoside compounds ，i.e. ginsenoside Rg 1（1），ginsenoside Re （2），ginsenoside Rb 1（3），ginsenoside Rk 1（4），20（R）-ginsenoside Rh 1（5），20（S）-ginsenoside Rg3 （6），notoginsenoside R 1（7），panaxatriol（8）；4 polyacetylene compounds ，i.e.（3R，9R，10R）-panaxytriol（9），panaxydol（10）， heptadeca-1，8-dien-4，6-diyne-3，10-diol（11）and panaxynol （12）. Among 4 polyacetylene compounds ，only compound 10 had anti-inflammatory activity. Compound 10 was not toxic to normal RAW 264.7 cells；when the concentration of compound 10 ranged 12.5-50.0 μmol/L，it could significantly reverse the lipopolysaccharide-induced NO content increase in cell supernatant （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；when the concentration of co mpound 10 was 50.0 μmol/L，it could significantly reverse the lipopolysaccharide-induced protein expression increase of COX- 2 in cells （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Compounds 4，7，10-12 are identified and reported in Shenfu injection for the first time ，and panaxydol possesses a certain anti-inflammatory effect.

A new polyacetylene from the stems and leaves of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat / 药学学报

Eight polyacetylenes were isolated from the extract of the stems and leaves of Chrysanthemum morifolium by various chromatographic methods. Their structures were determined as 2E,4E,12Z-tetradecatriene-1-pyrrolidine-1-oxo-8,10-diynoic (1), tetradeca-2E,4E,12E-trien-8,10-diynoic acid pyrrolidide (2), tetradeca-2E,4E-dien-8,10-diynoic acid pyrrolidide (3), tetradeca-2E,4E,10Z-trien-8-ynoic acid pyrrolidide (4), 2E,4E,12E-tetradecatriene-8,10-diynoic acid isobutylamide (5), 2E,4E-undecyldiene-8,10-diynoic acid isobutylamide (6), 2E,4E,10E-N-isobutyl-2,4,10-tetradecatrien-8-ynoic acid amide (7), and undeca-2E,4E-diene-8,10-diynoic acid phenylethylamide (8) by spectroscopic methods, including UV, IR, ESI-MS, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. Among them, compound 1 is a new polyacetylene, and compounds 2-8 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 5-8 inhibited the proliferation of A549 cell significantly at certain concentration, showing potent antitumor activity.

Chemical constituents of Artemisia rupestris / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents of the whole plants of Artemisia rupestris. Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified by NMR and MS spectroscopic method. Results: Eighteen compounds were isolated and purified, which structures were identified as 2α-(2',4'-hexadiynoyl)-1,6-dioxaspiro [4,5]-deca-3-ene (1), chrysophanol (2), ethyl vanillate (3), methyl linolenate (4), 8,11-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (5), eicosane coumaric acid ester (6), emodin (7), 2,5-di-tert-butylphenol (8), phellopterin (9), syringic acid (10), 7-methoxycoumarin (11), vanillin (12), imperatorin (13), oroxylin A (14), 5-hydroxy-3,4',6,7-tetramethoxyflavone (15), erucylamide (16), octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoate (17) and 3,5,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone (18). Conclusion: Compounds 1, 4, 11-14 and 18 are isolated from A. rupestris for the first time, and all the other compounds were isolated from the genus Artemisia for the first time.

Research progress on chemical constituents and their pharmacological activities of plant from Codonopsis / 中草药

Radix Codonopsis is a traditional tonic medicine commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. It contains sugar, alkaloids, polyynes, glycosides, terpenoids, and other chemical constituents. It has the functions of regulating blood sugar, promoting hematopoietic function, anti-hypoxia, anti-stress, alleviating fatigability, enhancing the body immunity, anti-aging, regulating gastric contraction, anti-ulcer, and other pharmacological activities. This paper summarized the literature on the chemical composition and their pharmacological activities of Codonopsis and provided the basis for the further development and utilization of Codonopsis resources.

Research progress of polyacetylenes from Bidens genus plants and their biological activity / 中草药

The genus Bidens (Compositae) are annual or perennial herbs distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Many species of this genus are used in various folk medicines such as blood-pressure lowering and antihyperglycemic agents. As the characteristic components of plants in Bidens genus, polyacetylenes have attracted broad attention because of their antimalarial, hypoglycemic, antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities. In order to fully utilize the species of these medicinal plants, this paper reviewed the plant sources, type of the structure, and biological activity with view to providing the reference for the further researches and developments of polyacetylenes.

Research progress in antidepressive active ingredients and pharmacological effects of Angelicae Sinensis Radix / 中草药

Through literature analysis, this paper summarizes the application of Angelicae Sinensis Radix in depression. The organic acids, phthalides, and polyacetylenes of Angeliae Sinensis Radix have the effect of antidepression, neuroprotective and monoamine reuptake inhibition. This paper reviewed that Angelicae Sinensis Radix improved the possible mechanisms of depression including injury of nerve, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitter system disorders, which will provide scientific basis for clinical treatment of depression.

Isolation and quantitative determination of polyacetylenes in Bupleuri Radix / 中草药

Objective: To study the separation of polyacetylenes and content of them in Bupleuri Radix from different bases and different habitats. Methods: Silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and preparative thin layer chromatography were used for the isolation and purification, the chemical structures were identified by NMR spectroscopic analyses, and the content of the polyacetylenes was determined by UPLC-PDA. Results: Four polyacetylenes were isolated from the petroleum ether fraction of Bupleuri Radix and identified as (2Z, 8Z, 10E)-pentadecatriene-4, 6-diyn-1-ol (1), (2Z, 8E, 10E)-pentadecatriene-4, 6-diyn-1-ol (2), (2Z, 8Z, 10E)-heptadecatriene-4, 6-diyn-1-ol (3), and bupleurynol (4). The contents of the polyacetylenes in Bupleuri Radix from various cultivation locations and origins were different, the locations may have greater impacts on the content than the species. Conclusion: Compounds 1 and 3 are two new natural products named bupleurynol A and bupleurynol C, and the two compounds are more stable in the presence of Cis-trans isomers. The method is easy, accurate, reliable, and has the good reproducibility and high sensitivity, and can be used as a detection method for the polyacetylenes in Bupleuri Radix.

Identification and quantification of sesquiterpenes and polyacetylenes in Atractylodes lancea from various geographical origins using GC-MS analysis

A convenient and sensitive GC-MS method was developed to identify thirteen sesquiterpenes and polyacetylenes (e.g. caryophyllene, γ-elemene, α-caryophyllene, β-selinene, isoledene, germacrene B, elixene, atractylone, hinesol, β-eudesmol, atrctylodin, atractylenolide II and acetylatractylodinol) in Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC., Asteraceae. Among those compounds, four major components including atractylone, hinesol, β-eudesmol and atrctylodin were quantified with standards; contents of other components were estimated by using calibration curve of hinesol. In this study, we presented that the concentrations of those thirteen components varied drastically in A. lancea samples from different producing areas. Among those components, atractylenolide II and acetylatractylodinol were identified by GC-MS for the first time. A hierarchical clustering analysis based on relative peak areas of those thirteen components in total ion current (TIC) profiles was used to characterize A. lancea samples from different producing areas. Further clustering analysis showed that a simplified method with only four major bioactive components could be used to serve the same aim.

Bioassay Guided Phytometabolites Extraction for Screening of Potent Antimicrobials in Passiflora foetida L.

Passiflora is a genus belonging to the family Passifloraceae having varied species with highly therapeutic values. Tribes with traditional medicinal knowledge suggested Passiflora foetida L. as a source of high value pharmaceutical plant. Present study deals with the Isolation, Purification, characterization and bioassays of antimicrobial secondary metabolites. In spite of traditional soxhlet extraction, Cold percolation proved suitable extraction scheme. Bioassay guided TLC characterization, and purification led the effective collection of bioactive natural products. Disc diffusion method shows a potent inhibitory activity of compounds against multi drug resistant pathogenic microorganisms like S. aureus(OARS). For structural characterization bioactive products were analyzed using UV. The results confirmed the presence of polyacetylenes as active constituents in the plant.