Specific expression of transmembrane protein 26 in retina and its association with primary open-angle glaucoma / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To predict the transmembrane structure of transmembrane protein 26 (TMEM26), observe its expression in human retina and mouse retina, and investigate the relationship between it and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).Methods:The transmembrane structure of TMEM26 in human and mouse was obtained by inputting its amino acid sequences into the transmembrane protein structure prediction software, MemBrain.The expression and location of TMEM26 in human and mouse retinas were observed through frozen retinal sections stained with anti-TMEM26 antibody, which came from a human donor and five SPF-grade C57BL/6 mice.The possible function of TMEM26 gene and its influence on eyes were inferred on the basis of the specific expression of TMEM26 in retina.The single nucleotide polymorphism mutation of TMEM26 gene was searched in literature related to ocular diseases.The use and care of animals complied with the Regulations on the Management of Experimental Animals.This research protocol was approved by an Ethics Committee of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital (No.2019-36). Results:Both human and mouse TMEM26 were eight transmembrane proteins with similar eight hydrophobic transmembrane domains, four hydrophilic cytoplasmic domains and five hydrophilic extracellular membrane domains.Small differences in the number of amino acid residues in the domains of TMEM26 were found.In both human and mouse retina, TMEM26 gene was only specifically expressed in the outer plexiform layer (OPL)and inner plexiform layer (IPL). TMEM26 was weakly associated with POAG in a published data. Conclusions:TMEM26 is a multi-pass transmembrane protein, mainly expressed in IPL and OPL of the retina. TMEM26 gene is weakly related to POAG.

Visual field analysis in primary open angle glaucoma with high myopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between damages of visual field and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG)with highly myopia. POAG with highly myopia group (21 eyes of 17 cases), POAG with non-highly myopia group (17 eyes of 16 cases), highly myopia without POAG group (25 eyes of 20 cases) and normal control group (19 eyes of 17 cases).automated perimeter and thickness of RNFL was measured by optical coherent tomography(OCT). Main outcome mean deviation (MD), pattern standard deviation (PSD) and mean sensitivity at superior, inferior, nasal and temporal sectors in total deviation probability plots. Thickness of RNFL at superior, inferior, nasal and temporal sector.total deviation probability plots of the early POAG with highly myopia than that of POAG without highly myopia,and the early visual field defects of glaucoma in pattern deviation probability plots of this group. MD of POAG with highly myopia was more than those of others (P＜0.05).The differences of MD, PSD and mean sensitivity between POAG with highly myopia and others were significant(P＜0.05).Mean sensitivities in each sector of POAG without highly myopia were similar to those of highly myopia(P＞0.05). The thickness of RNFL of POAG with highly myopia was thinner than that of others and the thickness of RNFL of normality was thicker than that of others. The relationship between mean sensitivity and the thickness of RNFL in each quadrant was significant(P＜0.05).judgment of the visual field changes in POAG with highly myopia. The relationship between RNFL thickness by OCT and visual field damage may provide clinically relevant information in diagnosis of POAG with highly myopia. Field; optical coherent tomography

Sensitivity and Specificity of Qualitative Signs to Detect Glaucomatous Optic Nerve Damage

Quantitiative evaluation of optic disc parameters such as neural rim area requires relatively sophisticated instruments and time consuming methods which are not generally available for the average ophthalmologist. This study was performed to determine which qualitative sign of optic disc distinguishes best between eyes with and without early glaucomatous visual field defects. Using color polaroid photographs we examined qualitative signs in 207 optic discs of 207 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and in 158 optic discs of 158 normal subjects matched for age and refractive error. In the group with mild (mean deviation(MD) ; better than -5dB, group 1) to moderate (MD; -6~-10dB, group 2) glaucomatous visual field defects, the best results of specificity and sensitivity were achieved using alterations in the configuration of neural rim width (group 1; Specificity =70.3%, Sensitivity =93.4%), while abnormally large parapapillary chorioretinal atrophy, thinnest neural rim width outside the temporal horizontal sector, and presence of zone beta were signs with relatively high specificity and high sensitivity. In the group with advanced (MD; worse than -11 dB, group 3) visual field defects, thinnest neural rim width outside the temporal horizontal sector was the best sign to distinguish between normal and glaucoma eyes. Signs with high specificity and low sensitivity were optic disc hemorrhage, bayonetting of vessel and baring of circumlinear vessel. These results suggest that alterations in the configuration of neural rim width and parapapillary signs were valuable for early diagnosis of glaucomatous optic nerve damage without sophisticated instruments.