Epidemiology regarding penile prosthetic surgery / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

With the onset of a metabolic syndrome epidemic and the increasing life expectancy, erectile dysfunction (ED) has become a more common condition. As incidence and prevalence increase, the medical field is focused on providing more appropriate therapies. It is common knowledge that ED is a chronic condition that is also associated with a myriad of other disorders. Conditions such as aging, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, prostatic hypertrophy, and prostate cancer, among others, have a direct implication on the onset and progression of ED. Characterization and recognition of risk factors may help clinicians recognize and properly treat patients suffering from ED. One of the most reliable treatments for ED is penile prosthetic surgery. Since the introduction of the penile prosthesis (PP) in the early seventies, this surgical procedure has improved the lives of thousands of men, with reliable and satisfactory results. The aim of this review article is to characterize the epidemiology of men undergoing penile prosthetic surgery, with a discussion about the most common conditions involved in the development of ED, and that ultimately drive patients into electing to undergo PP placement.

Epidemiology regarding penile prosthetic surgery / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

With the onset of a metabolic syndrome epidemic and the increasing life expectancy, erectile dysfunction (ED) has become a more common condition. As incidence and prevalence increase, the medical field is focused on providing more appropriate therapies. It is common knowledge that ED is a chronic condition that is also associated with a myriad of other disorders. Conditions such as aging, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, prostatic hypertrophy, and prostate cancer, among others, have a direct implication on the onset and progression of ED. Characterization and recognition of risk factors may help clinicians recognize and properly treat patients suffering from ED. One of the most reliable treatments for ED is penile prosthetic surgery. Since the introduction of the penile prosthesis (PP) in the early seventies, this surgical procedure has improved the lives of thousands of men, with reliable and satisfactory results. The aim of this review article is to characterize the epidemiology of men undergoing penile prosthetic surgery, with a discussion about the most common conditions involved in the development of ED, and that ultimately drive patients into electing to undergo PP placement.

Clinical effect of linear mastoplasty in treatment of mastoptosis / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of Lejours' procedure in the treatment of breast prolapse.Methods From July 2014 to July 2018,the Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Prov ince accepted 36 female patients with breast prolapse and correction failure,aged 25 42 years,with an average age of 32.1 years.According to the preoperative design,the pedicel epidermis,the redundant skin,the prosthesis and capsule were removed,and the mammary flap was fixed on the fascia of pectoralis major muscle,and the nipple and areola were fixed and sutured layer by layer.Results In 36 cases,the shape of breast was improved,the scar of incision was smaller,and the color of scar became lighter with time.There were no serious complications such as nipple and areola necrosis.The breast was straight and round after operation.After 6-24 months follow-up,one patient had delayed wound healing and received repeated dressing changes for 7 days.Conclusions The design of the op eration is simple,with little scar,few complications and good long term effect.The shape of the breast after repair is round and straight,which can be used as one of the feasible operation methods for the repair of breast ptosis.

Distracción osteogénica alveolar como método de aumento del reborde alveolar / Alveolar osteogenic distraction as method to increase the alveolar ridge

La distracción osteogénica alveolar, como proceso biológico de neoformación de hueso alveolar, nos motivó a la realización de la presente revisión bibliográfica, con el objetivo enfatizar en el análisis de las variables: antecedentes históricos en Cuba, clasificación de los distractores, fases de la distracción (latencia, distracción y consolidación), indicaciones, contraindicaciones, ventajas, desventajas y complicaciones. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica mediante la consulta de bases de datos de los sistemas referativos, como MEDLINE y PubMed con la utilización de descriptores alveolar distraction y osteogenic distraction. Se consultaron las fuentes bibliográficas publicadas fundamentalmente en los últimos 5 años, lo que reveló que esta técnica es una excelente alternativa para la formación de huesos y tejidos blandos en zonas de atrofia alveolar, que consta de tres etapas: latencia, distracción y consolidación; un método previsible y con bajas tasas de reabsorción ósea en comparación con otras técnicas de aumento del reborde alveolar. Tiene su principal indicación en la terapia de implantes al proveer volumen óseo. Debemos individualizar cada caso y usar el método más adecuado según las características clínicas y personales del paciente. Una adecuada selección de los casos y una mejor comprensión de la técnica son los puntales para lograr exitosos resultados mediante la distracción osteogénica alveolar. En Cuba se ha aplicado poco la distracción alveolar, por lo que ha sido necesario ampliar los estudios sobre esta temática(AU)

The alveolar osteogenic distraction, as a biological process of alveolar bone neoformation, motivates us to make the bibliographic review whose objective was to emphasize in analysis the following variables: historical backgrounds in Cuba, distraction classification, distraction phases (latency, distraction and consolidation), indications, contraindications, advantages, disadvantages and complications. A bibliographic review was made by database search of reference systems as MEDLINE and PubliMed using the descriptors alveolar distraction o osteogenic distraction. The published bibliographic sources mainly over 5 years concluding that this technique is an excellent alternative for the bone and soft tissues formation in zones of alveolar atrophy including three stages: latency, distraction and consolidation; being a foreseeable method and with low rates of bone reabsorption compared to other techniques of increase of alveolar ridge. It has its main indication in implant therapy to provide bone volume. We must to individualize each case and to use the more appropriate method according the clinical and personal features of patient. A proper case selection and a better understand of technique are essential to achieve successful results by alveolar osteogenic distraction. In Cuba the alveolar distraction has been not much applied being necessary to expand the studies on this subject matter(AU)

Evaluación radiográfica de aumentos de rebordes alveolares con injertos aloplásticos de hidroxiapatita no reabsorbible: seguimiento a nueve meses / Radiographic evaluation of alveolar ridge augmentation with non resorbable hydroxyapatite alloplastic grafts: nine months follow up

Introducción: el objetivo fue determinar radiográficamente el porcentaje de estabilidad de la altura del reborde alveolar del maxilar superior e inferior en pacientes sometidos a cirugía preprotésica de aumento de reborde con implante de HA no reabsorbible. Métodos: el estudio se realizó en quince pacientes, en quienes se determinaron mediciones reproducibles. Para el maxilar superior: (A) desde espina nasal anterior; (B derecha-izquierda) desde el borde más inferior de las fosas nasales; (C derecha- izquierda) desde el borde más inferior de la órbita. Para el maxilar inferior: (E) desde el borde inferior de la mandíbula y pasando por la sínfisis; (F derecha-izquierda) pasando por el agujero mentoniano; (G derecha-izquierda) pasando 5 mm. atrás del agujero mentoniano; (H derecha-izquierda) pasando 10 mm posterior al agujero mentoniano. Todas las mediciones se realizaron en el prequirúrgico, en el posquirúrgico inmediato, y a los nueve meses. Resultados: se promediaron los diferentes puntos del maxilar superior (PPMXS) y se observó una pérdida de altura entre el 6,29 y un 33,6% con promedio del 17,36 %. En el maxilar inferior (PPMXI) se observó una variación desde ganancia del 6,31% hasta una disminución del 18,87%, con promedio del 2,54%. Conclusiones: el implante de HA permite restablecer adecuada altura del reborde alveolar. La altura del reborde alveolar obtenida inicialmente presenta un porcentaje de disminución de su altura en el maxilar superior del 17,36%, y en el maxilar inferior del 2,54 durante el seguimiento a nueve meses.

Introduction: the purpose of this study was to determine radiographically the percentage of stability of alveolar ridge height in the maxilla and the mandible in patients subjected to pre prosthetic surgery of ridge augmentation with non resorbable HA implants. Methods: the study was performed in 15 patients in whom reproducible measurements were taken. For the maxilla: (A) From Anterior Nasal Spine; (B right and left) from the lowest border of the nasal fossae; (C right and left) from the lowest border of the orbit. For the mandible: (E) from the lowest border of the mandible passing through symphysis; (F right and left) passing through the mental foramen; (G right and left) passing 5 mm posterior to the mental foramen; (H right and left) passing 10 mm posterior to mental foramen. All measurements were performed before surgery, immediately after and nine months after surgery. Results: the different points of the maxilla were averaged (PPMXS) and a height loss between 6.29% and 33.6% was observed, with an average of 17.36%. For the mandible (PPMXL) variations ranging from 6.31% of augmentation to 18.8% loss were observed, with an average of 2.54%. Conclusions: HA implants allow reestablishment of adequate alveolar ridge height. The alveolar ridge height initially obtained presents a decrease percentage in height for the maxilla of 17.36% and 2.54% for the mandible after nine months follow up.

Aplicacion de dsstraccion osteogenica en rebords alveolares atroficos: analisiis de su efectividad y estabilidad / Ostheogenic distraction in patients with alveolar dent atrophy: Analysis of its effectiveness and stability

La colocación de implantes dentales osteointegrados y la retención de las prótesis estomatológicas convencionales de acrílico es un grave problema en pacientes con reborde alveolar atrófico. La distracción osteogénica ofrece en la actualidad una solución potencial ante la severa pérdida de tejido óseo alveolar. Este estudio tuvo el propósito de evaluar en nuestro medio la Efectividad y Estabilidad de la osteogénesis alveolar. Se realizó un ensayo clínico Fase II. Fueron tratados 5 pacientes con atrofia del reborde alveolar mandibular o maxilar con distractores alveolares intraorales producidos por Walter Lorenz Surgical, Inc, (ROTT-NELSON-1713-06-04) para inducir osteogénesis. Los pacientes fueron atendidos de forma ambulatoria. El período de latencia fue de 5 días, la tasa de distracción de 1mm diario y el período de contención de 4 semanas . La efectividad de la distracción aplicada fue 76.3% y la estabilidad de 92.0 %. La media de la distracción total obtenida fue 7,25 mm. La Distracción osteogénica resultó ser un método eficaz para lograr incremento de la cresta alveolar en pacientes que presentaron atrofias previas.

The bone integrated dental implants placement and the conventional acrylic estomatological prosthesis is a serious problem in patients with an atrophic alveolar edge. Ostheogenic distraction currently offers a potential solution to the severe loss of alveolar bone tissue. This study had the purpose of evaluate the effectiveness and stability of alveolar ostheogenesis. A Clinical Trial Phase II was conducted. Five patients with an atrophy of the jaw bone or maxillary alveolar edges were treated with intraoral alveolar distracters produced by Walter Lorenz Surgical Inc.(Rott-Nelson-1703-06-04) to induce ostheogenesis. They were all out patients. The latency period was of 1 mm/day and the contention period of 4 weeks. The effectiveness of the applied distraction was of a 76.3% and the stability of a 92.0%. The average of the total distraction obtained was of 7,25 mm. Ostheogenic distraction was an efficacious method to achieve the alveolar dent in patients with previous atrophy.