Résumé
Todas las normativas internacionales sobre ética de la investigación biomédica, definen al consentimiento informado como requisito básico. Este debe permitir que los participantes potenciales reciban y comprendan toda la información relevante sobre la investigación, de modo tal que puedan tomar una decisión libre e informada. Nuremberg, Helsinki y CIOMS, documentos centrales de las regulaciones vigentes, reconocen que la participación en una investigación biomédica implica riesgos y beneficios potenciales vinculados a la salud, loscuales deben ser incluidos en el consentimiento informado. Sin embargo, los riesgos y beneficios tienen también una dimensión social y económica y atañen no sólo a los participantes, sino también a la sociedad. Esta cuestión, directa o indirectamente reconocida en dichos documentos internacionales, obliga a los Comités de Ética de la Investigación a considerar estos aspectos en la evaluación de los protocolos, y su posterior inclusión en el proceso de consentimiento informado.
International regulations on biomedical research ethics, define informed consent as a basic requirement. Informed consent must allow potential research participants both, receiving and understanding all the information relevant to the research, in order to make a free and informed decision. Nuremberg, Helsinki, and CIOMS, the main documents among current regulations, recognize that participation in biomedical research entails health related both, risks and potential benefits, which must be included in the informed consent. However, risks and benefits have a social and economical dimension, regarding not only to the participants, but also to the society. This issue, that is directed or undirected established in such international documents, forces Research Ethics Committees to consider these aspects in the evaluation of protocols, and their later inclusion in the informed consent process.
Sujets)
Humains , Recherche biomédicale , Comités d'éthique , Éthique de la recherche , Consentement libre et éclairé , Études multicentriques comme sujet , Coopération internationaleRésumé
Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem quantitativa, com o objetivo de investigar o uso de plantas medicinais em crianças na faixa etária de zero a 12 anos internadas no Hospital Infantil Arlinda Marques, da cidade de João Pessoa (PB), entre agosto de 2000 a junho de 2001. Um roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturado foi empregado junto aos 132 acompanhantes das crianças para a obtenção dos dados. Os resultados evidenciaram que as doenças que mais acometeram as crianças foram: 1) pneumonia (26 por cento), 2) infecções intestinais (13 por cento), 3) anemia (8 por cento), 4) afecções renais (7 por cento). Cerca de 27,3 por cento dos acompanhantes usaram plantas medicinais em suas crianças antes de procurarem o Serviço Hospitalar e 41,7 por cento associaram plantas com alguma medicação. Diante destes resultados pode-se concluir que a utilização de plantas medicinais em crianças para o tratamento de doenças possui seus riscos e benefícios que precisam ser avaliados pelos profissionais de saúde.
The aim of this study is to investigate the use of medicinal plants in children of zero to 12 years hospitalized in the "Hospital Infantil Arlinda Marques", City of João Pessoa, State of Paraíba, Brazil between August 2000 and June 2001. For the collection of the data a half-structuralized script interview was applied to 132 children's companions. The results evidenced that the illnesses which mostly affected the children were: 1) pneumonia (26 percent), 2) infections of the intestines (13 percent), 3) anemia (8 percent), 4) kidneys illnesses (7 percent). About 27,3 percent of the companions had used medicinal plants in the children before going to the hospital service; 41,7 percent had associated plants with some medicines. Based on this, it can be concluded that the use of medicinal plants in children for the treatment of illnesses has its risks and benefits that need to be evaluated by health professionals.