Dieta rica em fibra promove efeitos metabólicos, hormonais e de saciedade em mulheres obesas com restrição calórica de curto prazo / High-fiber diet promotes metabolic, hormonal, and satiety effects in obese women on a short-term caloric restriction

ABSTRACT Background: Several mechanisms, including excessive hunger, account for patients' difficulties in maintaining weight loss and dietary changes after caloric restriction. Objective: To evaluate the effect of short-term high-fiber calorie-restricted diet in appetite-regulating hormones, and hunger and satiety sensations in women with obesity. Methds: In a randomized controlled trial study, thirty women with body mass index (BMI) higher than 30 kg/m2, and aged from 20 to 50 years were hospitalized following a calorie-restricted diet (1000 kcal/day) for three days. The experimental group (n=15) received high-fiber diet and the control group (n=15), conventional diet. Body weight, BMI, resting energy expenditure (REE), acylated and total ghrelin, leptin, insulin and glucose, and hunger and satiety sensations were evaluated. Linear regression models with mixed effects (fixed and random effects) helped to assess the variables between the two groups and within the groups. Results: Body weight and BMI decreased in both the experimental and control groups (P<0.001). After the high-fiber diet, postprandial acylated ghrelin (P=0.04), glucose (P<0.001), insulin (P=0.04), and leptin (P=0.03) levels as well as the HOMA-IR index (P=0.01) decreased, whereas satiety improved (P=0.02). Obese women that followed the conventional diet had increased body fat percentage (P=0.04) and lower REE (P=0.02). The two diets did not differ in terms of hunger sensation. Conclusion: A short-term high-fiber diet improves satiety sensations and metabolic parameters while suppressing postprandial acylated ghrelin (60 minutes) and maintaining the resting energy expenditure.

RESUMO Contexto: Vários mecanismos, incluindo a fome excessiva, são responsáveis pelas dificuldades dos pacientes em manter a perda de peso e mudanças na dieta após a restrição calórica. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da dieta de curta duração rica em fibras e com restrição calórica nos hormônios reguladores do apetite e nas sensações de fome e saciedade em mulheres com obesidade. Métodos: Em um estudo randomizado controlado, 30 mulheres com índice de massa corporal (IMC) superior a 30 kg/m2 e com idade entre 20 e 50 anos foram hospitalizadas seguindo dieta com restrição calórica (1000 kcal/dia) por 3 dias. O grupo experimental (n=15) recebeu dieta rica em fibras e o grupo controle (n=15), dieta convencional. Foram avaliados peso corporal, IMC, gasto energético de repouso (GER), grelina acilada e total, leptina, insulina e glicose e sensações de fome e saciedade. Modelos de regressão linear com efeitos mistos (efeitos fixos e aleatórios) ajudaram a avaliar as variáveis entre os dois grupos e dentro dos grupos. Resultados: O peso corporal e o IMC diminuíram tanto no grupo experimental quanto no controle (P<0,001). Após a dieta rica em fibras, os níveis de grelina acilada pós-prandial (P=0,04), glicose (P<0,001), insulina (P=0,04) e leptina (P=0,03), bem como o índice HOMA-IR (P=0,01) diminuiu, enquanto a saciedade melhorou (P=0,02). Mulheres obesas que seguiram a dieta convencional apresentaram aumento do percentual de gordura corporal (P=0,04) e menor GER (P=0,02). As duas dietas não diferiram em termos de sensação de fome. Conclusão: Uma dieta rica em fibras de curto prazo melhora as sensações de saciedade e os parâmetros metabólicos, suprimindo a grelina acilada pós-prandial (60 minutos) e mantendo o gasto energético de repouso.

Relationship between acupuncture sensations of and different organizational structures of acupoint area / 中国针灸

Acupuncture sensation, as one of the essential signs of (arrival of ), is closely associated with curative effect. With systematically reviewing the literature regarding relationship between acupuncture sensations of and different organizational structures of acupoint area (skin, connective tissue, muscles, nerves and blood vessels), it is believed that acupuncture sensation of is the product of various organizational structures in acupoint area, which is closely related to the nervous system. The sensations sensed by the hands of acupuncturists, which is called sense of needle stagnation, maybe caused by the contraction of muscles in the acupoint area during the process of needle manipulation. By system review, this paper puts forward a new research idea to explore the role of different manipulations of needling in generating the sense of -generating needle based on different acupoint structure and brain function response system, which could provide some reference for clarifying the scientific mechanism and clinical application of acupuncture sensations of .

El proceso de inteligibilidad espacial. Una propuesta tipológica de los espacios subjetivos en las ciudades / The spatial intelligibility process. A typological proposal for subjective spaces in cities / O processo de inteligibilidade espacial. Uma proposta tipológica de espaços subjetivos nas cidades

RESUMEN El abordaje de las urbes del siglo XXI supone un cambio en las perspectivas analíticas de estudio, mediadas por el enfoque ecológico, que permite considerar a las ciudades como ecosistemas eminentemente antrópicos con mecanismos de defensas colectivos, entre ellos, la inteligibilidad espacial. El presente artículo procura poner en discusión la atribución de significados a diferentes espacios intraurbanos principalmente de ciudades latinoamericanas. El objetivo principal consiste en la identificación de la cartografía invisible subyacente, esgrimiendo una aproximación tipológica de espacios subjetivos con base en la pervivencia de sensaciones, percepciones y estigmas urbanos. La metodología supone una doble vía de aproximación: una teórica, resultado de la búsqueda, selección, análisis y sistematización de los trabajos referidos a las cartografías urbanas invisibilizadas, principalmente de América Latina. Se procura identificar las correspondencias entre las experiencias e investigaciones, cuyo resultado es el diseño de una clasificación de espacios subjetivos. En una segunda instancia y de modo empírico, se exponen casos que sustentan y ejemplifican la categorización de espacios subjetivos surgidos en la etapa previa El fin del trabajo científico, consiste en debatir sobre el acervo inmaterial que converge y circula dentro y fuera de los espacios urbanos.

ABSTRACT The approach to the XXI century cities implies a change in the analytical perspectives of study mediated by the ecological approach, which allows cities to be considered as eminently anthropic ecosystems with mechanisms of collective defenses, including spatial intelligibility. The present article tries to put in discussion the attribution of meanings to different intraurban spaces mainly of Latin American cities. The main objective consists of the identification of the underlying invisible cartography, using a typological approach of subjective spaces based on the persistence of urban sensations, perceptions and stigmas. The methodology supposes a double approach way: a theoretical, result of the search, selection, analysis and systematization of the works referred to the invisible urban cartographies, mainly of Latin America. It seeks to identify the correspondences between experiences and research, the result of which is the design of a classification of subjective spaces. In a second instance and empirically, cases that support and exemplify the categorization of subjective spaces emerged in the previous stage are exposed. The purpose of scientific work is to discuss the intangible heritage that converges and circulates within and outside urban spaces.

RESUMO Dirigindo-se as cidades do século XXI é uma mudança nas perspectivas analíticas de estudo, mediada pela abordagem ecológica, que permite considerar as cidades como eminentemente ecossistemas antrópicos mecanismos de defesa coletivos, incluindo a inteligibilidade espacial. O presente artigo procura colocar em discussão a atribuição de significados a diferentes espaços intra-urbanos, principalmente de cidades latinoamericanas. O objetivo principal consiste na identificação da cartografia invisível subjacente, utilizando uma abordagem tipológica de espaços subjetivos baseada na persistência de sensações, percepções e estigmas urbanos. A metodologia supõe um duplo caminho de aproximação: um teórico, resultado da busca, seleção, análise e sistematização dos trabalhos referentes às cartografias urbanas invisíveis, principalmente da América Latina. Busca identificar as correspondências entre experiências e pesquisas, cujo resultado é o desenho de uma classificação de espaços subjetivos. Numa segunda instância e empiricamente, casos que sustentam e exemplificam a categorização de espaços subjetivos surgidos na etapa anterior O fim do trabalho científico, é discutir a herança intangível que converge e circula dentro e fora dos espaços urbanos.

Pistas somáticas para um estudo da corporeidade: uma aprendizagem das sensações / Somatic clues for a study of the corporeity: a learning of sensations

Resumo Este texto pretende apresentar algumas pistas para um estudo da corporeidade a partir da metodologia de aprendizagem somática evidenciando-a como uma aprendizagem do/pelo corpo vivido e experimentado através da habitação de sua dimensão material intensiva e heterogênea, produtora de alteridades espaço-temporais. Para tanto, nos aproximaremos da abordagem somática Body Mind Centering. Serão apresentados relatos de experiências registrados em um diário de bordo e em entrevistas que procurarão evidenciar a natureza estético-sensível do corpo como impulsionadora de um aprendizado pela via das sensações. Os relatos compõem um campo investigativo no qual o corpo, em experimentação de si, se faz bússola de um processo errante de buscas pela legitimação do corpo enquanto realidade plena, potente e vital.(AU)

Abstract This text intends to present some clues for a study of the corporeity from the methodology of somatic learning evidencing it as a learning of / by the lived and experienced body through the habitation of its intensive and heterogeneous material dimension, producer of space-time othernesses. To do so, we will get closer to the somatic approach developed by Body Mind Centering. We will present accounts of experiences recorded in a logbook and in interviews that will search to highlight the aesthetic-sensitive nature of the body as a propellor of learning through sensations. The accounts set out an investigative field in which the body, in self-experimentation, become the compass of an errant process of searching for the legitimation of the body as a full, potent and vital reality.(AU)

Figuração e figurabilidade: no início eram as sensações / Figuration and figurability: in the beginning were the sensations

O artigo aborda a relação entre a operação onírica de figuração plástica e a noção de figurabilidade na 11ª Conferência de introdução à psicanálise. Entendida como conversão dos pensamentos latentes do sonho em imagens, a operação supõe uma série de condições de possibilidade que Freud chama figurabilidade. Assim, considera-se, em primeiro lugar, o conceito de regressão e seus pressupostos metapsicológicos. Em segundo lugar, examina-se o papel das sensações e dos seus registros mnêmicos. Por último, indaga-se acerca da explicação freudiana da preeminência do visual sobre os outros tipos de sensações.

This paper examines the relationship between the dreamlike operation of plastic figuration and the notion of figurability in the 11th Conference of Introduction to Psychoanalysis. This operation, conceptualised as the conversion of the latent thoughts of dream into images, presupposes a series of conditions of possibility that Freud calls figurability. In this paper, we begin by discussing the concept of regression and its metapsychological assumptions. We then analyse the role of sensations and their memory registers. Finally, we explore the Freudian explanation of the pre-eminence of the visual over other types of sensations.

Autismo e vícios / Autism and addictions

A instalação de uma forma identificadora e do sentimento de existência em um corpo permanece problemática para as pessoas acometidas de autismo ou vícios. O refúgio dentro dos pensamentos ou de uma dispersão psíquica evita o contato com as vivências catastróficas, mas leva a um processo de desmantelamento sensorial e uma desconstrução da imagem do corpo, em níveis diferentes segundo cada caso. A anulação prolongada da consciência das sensações corporais provoca tais angústias por aniquilamento que o recurso urgente a sensações fortes e dolorosas restaura provisoriamente o sentimento de existência.

Autism and addictions. Placing into the body an identifying form and the feeling of existence remains problematic for those suffering from autism or addiction. The refuge inside the thoughts or in psychic dispersion avoids the contact with catastrophic experiences, but leads to a process of sensorial dismantling and a deconstruction of the body image, in different degrees in each case. The prolonged effacement of the consciousness of body feelings provokes such angst by annihilation that an immediate return to the strong and painful feelings temporarily restores the feeling of existence.

Foot Reflexology for the Intervention of Sensations after Breast Cancer Surgery: A Single-blind Repeated Measured Pilot Study with Comparison Group of Lavender Foot Bath / 종양간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the improvement and maintenance effects of foot reflexology (FR) on sensations after breast cancer surgery with those of lavender foot bath (LFB). METHODS: Using a single-blind design, both 18 women to receive 20-min FR by trained experts and 14 women to soak feet in 40degrees C foot tub water with 5 drop lavender essential oil, 15-min were intervened every two days. Repeated measures were taken pre 1st-(baseline-4th op. day), pre 3rd-(2nd data), and pre 5th-intervention (3rd data) with following up at 1-week after 5th intervention (4th data). The reliable translated Korean version of Baron's Breast Sensation Assessment Scale was used to assess sensations after breast cancer surgery (SABCS) characterized by prevalence, frequency, severity, and distress. RESULTS: A significant difference between baseline and the 3rd, and a decrease tendency from baseline to the 3rd were observed for the severity and distress in FR and for the prevalence and severity in LFB. A significant or important decrease tendency between the 3rd and the 4th were observed for the severity and distress in FR and for the severity in LFB. CONCLUSION: Iterative FR has the improvement and maintenance effects on the severity and distress while LFB has only those on the severity.

Juego patológico en usuarios de casinos en Bogotá: prevalencia y relaciones con consumo de alcohol, búsqueda de sensaciones y patrones de juego / Pathological gambling in casino users in Bogotá: Prevalence and relation with alcohol consumption, search for sensations and gambling patterns

En Colombia son muy pocos los trabajos que abordan la adicción al juego en algún grupo poblacional. En este trabajo se estudió la prevalencia de juego patológico y la validez concurrente del South Oaks Gambling Score (SOGS) en una muestra no aleatoria de usuarios de juegos de azar, localizados, en su mayoría, en casinos. Como resultados se destaca: (a) un 49.1% de sujetos con probable juego patológico; (b) mayor variedad en juegos, mayor consumo de alcohol en fines de semanay más demanda de dinero, para jugar o para consumir alcohol en los sujetos con problemas de adicción al juego, y (c) algunos ítems de la Escala de Búsqueda de Sensaciones pueden formar un indicador específicamente asociado con el juego patológico.

In Colombia, very few researches approach gambling addiction in any population group. This research focused on the prevalence of pathological gambling, and concurrent validity of South Oaks Gambling Score (SOGS) in a non-randomized sample of casino users. The most remarkable results showed that (a) 49.1% of the interviewees were likely to have pathological gambling, (b) subjects with probable pathological gambling showed a higher game variety and alcohol consumption on weekends, and higher expenses for gambling and drinking, and (c) some Search for Sensations Scale items could serve to build a specific indicator for gambling addiction.

The Prevelance of Diagnosis as Raynaud's Disease among the People Complaint of Abnormal Sensation on Hands and Feet

BACKGROUND: The previous studies suggested that the rate of the people who reported having sensitivity to cold and Raynaud's disease were 12% and 5~10% of general population respectively. There are surprisingly few data on 'cold hands and feet syndrome', the conventional circulatory disorder in far-eastern Asia in spite of the assumption that it is a common disorder among Korean population. Besides, the prevalence of Raynaud's disease has not been studied for Korean complaint of the syndrome. Therefore, we conducted the survey regarding the frequency of Baynaud's disease and phenomenon among the people appealed abnormal sensory symptoms on hands and feet, and 'cold hands and feet syndrome'. METHODS: The questionnaires were asked to 1,008 out- patients who complained abnormal sensory symptoms on hands and feet. The subjects were screened among the patients who visited the clinics, mainly department of family medicine in Uijongbu St. Mary's hospital from January to July 2003. RESULTS: The most common abnormal sensory symptoms were tingling feeling and coldness, pain in the descending order. The mean age of the patients is 47 years, the average age at the onset of the symptoms is 40 years, and the mean duration they had been suffered by the symptoms is 7 years. During interview, 289 patients voluntarily appealed 'cold hands and feet syndrome' in expression of "I have cold extremities" or "I have the syndrome". Among the screened patients, 510 patients answered, "yes" to the question "Are your fingers unusually sensitive to cold?" Two hundred and nineteen patients (43%) of them showed Raynaud's phenomenon. One hundred and sixty patients were diagnosed as Raynaud's disease among 219 patients who had Raynaud's phenomenon. The rest 59 patients were diagnosed as secondary Raynaud's phenomenon. Eighty-seven patients (30%) of 289 patients who voluntarily reported 'cold hands and feet syndrome' were diagnosed as Raynaud's disease. The average age of Raynaud's disease patients is 37 years old, average first attack age is 24 years, and average suffering period is 14 years. Only 10% of cases experienced the first attacks after 40 years old. The attack rates are different by gender. The ratio is 2.3 and higher in female. Only six patients (4%) of Raynaud's disease had been diagnosed accurately. Fifty-three patients (33%) have family history and 41 of them are the first-degree relatives. The causes of secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (59 patients) are connective tissue disorders, neurologic diseases, carpal tunnel syndrome, hypothyroidism, vascular disorders, etc. The statistically significant factors that influence on Raynaud's disease are female, below 40 years old, stress, family history, hypertension, diabetes, etc. The statistical analysis in this study does not prove the association between the disease and the factors such as physical labor, manual labor using hands heavily, smoking, drinking, thyroid diseases, joint disorders, ischemic heart disease, depression. CONCLUSION: Raynaud's disease has been underlooked even though it is not uncommon and can be easily diagnosed and treated. In conclusion, the result of our study suggests that abnormal sensory symptoms on hands and feet, especially 'cold hands and feet syndrome', the conventional circulatory disorder, are the medical condition where special concern on Raynaud's disease is required.