Impacto de la endometritis crónica en la fertilidad femenina

Fundamento: la infertilidad es un problema de salud, que afecta cada vez con mayor incidencia, a ambos sexos. La endometriosis es una de las afecciones ginecológicas más frecuentes y una de las principales causas de infertilidad femenina. Objetivo: determinar los conocimientos sobre endometritis crónica que poseen las féminas del cantón de Ambato, Ecuador. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en mujeres con endometritis crónica, pertenecientes al cantón de Ambato, durante el período de julio a diciembre de 2022. La muestra fue de 30 pacientes seleccionadas mediante muestreo no probabilístico de bola de nieve. Se realizó un análisis de contenido temático y se empleó el método de Mapas Cognitivos Difusos. Para la recolección de la información se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada. Resultados: existió un predominio de pacientes entre 26 a 30 años de edad. El 76,7 % de las pacientes refirieron no poseer conocimientos sobre el tema, el 86,7 % no había recibido educación sexual y reproductiva formal y el 70 % había sido estigmatizado. El 83,3 % de las féminas refirieron no visitar periódicamente un profesional de salud reproductiva y el 76,7 % no había accedido a información sobre la temática. El 100 % de las pacientes consideraron necesario realizar talleres, charlas y realizar intervenciones comunitarias para sensibilizar sobre el impacto de la endometritis crónica en la fertilidad femenina. Conclusiones: la endometritis crónica estuvo presente en féminas en edad reproductiva, por lo que resulta necesario desarrollar estrategias de prevención de salud para minimizar su incidencia.

Foundation: infertility is a health problem that affects both sexes with increasing incidence. Endometriosis is one of the most common gynecological conditions and one of the main causes of female infertility. Objective: determine the knowledge about chronic endometritis that women in the canton of Ambato, Ecuador, have. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in women with chronic endometritis, belonging to the canton of Ambato, during the period from July to December 2022. The sample was 30 patients selected through non-probabilistic snowball sampling. A thematic content analysis was carried out and the Fuzzy Cognitive Maps method was used. To collect the information, a semi-structured interview was carried out. Results: there was a predominance of patients between 26 and 30 years of age. 76,7 % of the patients reported not having knowledge on the subject, 86,7 % had not received formal sexual and reproductive education and 70 % had been stigmatized. 83,3 % of the women reported not periodically visiting a reproductive health professional and 76,7 % had not accessed information on the subject. 100 % of the patients considered it necessary to hold workshops, talks and carry out community interventions to raise awareness about the impact of chronic endometritis on female fertility. Conclusions: chronic endometritis was present in women of reproductive age, so it is necessary to develop health prevention strategies to minimize its incidence.

Educación sexual, conocimiento de ITS y conductas protectoras/de riesgo en personas entre 18 y 30 años

Introducción: Las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) se adquieren principalmente por el contacto sexual y pueden afectar a personas de cualquier edad, sin embargo los adolescentes son el grupo etario más afectado, por tanto es probable que sus conductas sean más de riesgo que protectoras. Objetivo: El objetivo de la investigación es determinar la relación entre el nivel de educación sexual y el conocimiento sobre ITS y las conductas de riesgo y protectoras en los jóvenes. Método: Investigación de diseño analítico, estudio de tipo descriptivo, transversal con datos de tipo cuantitativos, con una muestra de 130 hombres y mujeres, considerando 10 personas por edad desde los 18 a los 30 años. Resultados: No existe relación estadísticamente significativa entre la educación sexual y las conductas de riesgo y/o protectores (p > 0,05), ni tampoco entre la educación sexual y el uso del preservativo, tanto interno como externo (p > 0,05). Conclusión: A pesar de tener educación sexual, no todas las personas utilizan de forma frecuente los anticonceptivos de barrera y principalmente es sorprendente el poco uso del condón de vagina en la población en general, siendo las personas de orientación heterosexual las que lo utilizan menos.

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are mainly acquired through sexual contact and can affect people of any age; however, adolescents are the most affected age group, therefore, it is likely that their behaviors are more risky than protective. Objective: The objective of the research is to determine the relationship between the level of sexual education and knowledge about STIs and risk and protective behaviors in young people. Method: Analytical design research, descriptive, cross-sectional study with quantitative data, with a sample of 130 men and women, considering 10 people by age from 18 to 30 years. Results: There is no statistically significant relationship between sexual education and risk and/or protective behaviors (p > 0.05) nor between sexual education and condom use, both internal and external (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Despite having sexual education, not all people use frequently barrier contraceptives and, mainly, the little use of the vaginal condom in the general population is surprising, with people of heterosexual orientation being those that use it less.

Percepción respecto a la educación sexual de adolescentes de dos establecimientos educacionales de Talcahuano, Chile

Introducción: La educación sexual es uno de los pilares básicos del desarrollo humano por cuanto potencia la autonomía de las personas y el desarrollo de una sexualidad plena. Objetivo: Este estudio buscó describir la percepción respecto a la educación sexual de adolescentes de dos establecimientos educacionales de Talcahuano, Chile. Método: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal de carácter descriptivo con 309 estudiantes de dos colegios ubicados en la Comuna de Talcahuano, región del Bío-Bío, Chile. Se aplicó de forma presencial un cuestionario de autorreporte. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el software IBM Statistics SPSS v.22. Resultados: El 61,8% reportó recibir educación sexual en su establecimiento y casi la totalidad consideró necesario aprender sobre ello. Un 52,7% refirió que sus establecimientos generaban instancias para hablar de sexualidad. En relación con las temáticas que deberían ser incluidas en la educación sexual, «Valores, respeto, ética», «Anticonceptivos y prevención de infecciones de transmisión sexual» y «Amor y afectividad» fueron las más preferidas. Conclusión: Pese a la existencia de instancias de educación sexual en los establecimientos educacionales y a la transversal opinión de que es necesario aprender sobre este tema, existe una baja percepción respecto a su suficiencia.

Introduction: Sex education is one of the basic pillars of human development because it enhances people's autonomy and the development of full sexuality. Objective: This study sought to describe the perception regarding sex education of adolescents from two educational establishments in Talcahuano, Chile. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 309 students from two schools located in the Talcahuano Commune, Bío-Bío region, Chile. A self-report questionnaire was applied in person. Data were analyzed using IBM Statistics SPSS v.22 software. Results: 61.8% reported receiving sex education in their establishment and almost all considered it necessary to learn about it. 52.7% reported that their establishments generated instances to talk about sexuality. In relation to the topics that should be included in sex education, "Values, respect, ethics", "Contraceptives and prevention of sexually transmitted infections" and "Love and affectivity" were the most preferred. Conclusion: Despite the existence of instances of sex education in educational establishments, and the transversal opinion that it is necessary to learn about this subject, there is a low perception regarding its adequacy.

Produzindo um currículo escolar para diversidade sexual e de gênero em um instituto federal / Producing a school curriculum for sexual and gender diversity in a federal institute / Elaboración de un currículo escolar para la diversidad sexual y de género en un instituto federal

Resumo: Esta pesquisa objetiva evidenciar como é produzido um currículo escolar que valorize a diversidade sexual e de gênero em um instituto federal. Para tanto, utiliza-se o conceito de trajetórias de vida como disparador teórico, metodológico e político dos objetivos desta pesquisa. Foram entrevistados 16 sujeitos que têm sua trajetória profissional marcada por ocuparem, em algum momento, uma representação dentro dos Núcleos de Gênero e Diversidade Sexual do Instituto Federal Sul-rio-grandense. A análise do material de pesquisa permite evidenciar que esses núcleos articulam processos políticos para a movimentação de diferentes mecanismos pedagógicos em prol do questionamento e/ou da manutenção de redes de sentidos sobre a diversidade. Por fim, compreende-se que esses núcleos operam espaços de abertura e fortalecimento político-pedagógico dos debates de gênero e de sexualidade nos institutos federais.

Resumen: Esta investigación tiene como objetivo resaltar cómo se produce en un instituto federal un currículo escolar que valora la diversidad sexual y de género. Para ello, se utiliza el concepto de trayectorias de vida como detonante teórico, metodológico y político de los objetivos de esta investigación. Fueron entrevistados 16 sujetos cuya trayectoria profesional estuvo marcada por haber sido, en algún momento, representante dentro de los Centros de Género y Diversidad Sexual del Instituto Federal de Rio Grande do Sul. El análisis del material de investigación muestra que estos centros articulan procesos políticos para el movimiento de diferentes mecanismos pedagógicos a favor de cuestionar y/o mantener redes de significados sobre la diversidad. Finalmente, se entiende que estos centros operan espacios para abrir y fortalecer debates político-pedagógicos sobre género y sexualidad en los institutos federales.

Abstract: This research aims to highlight how a school curriculum that values sexual and gender diversity is produced in a federal institute. To this end, the concept of life trajectories is used as a theoretical, methodological and political trigger for the objectives of this research. 16 subjects were interviewed whose professional trajectory were marked by having, at some point in their lives, been a representative within the Gender and Sexual Diversity Centers of the Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Sul. The analysis of the research material concludes that these centers articulate political processes towards the development of different pedagogical mechanisms in favor of questioning and/or maintaining networks of meanings about diversity. Finally, it is understood that the Gender and Sexual Diversity Centers operate spaces for opening and strengthening political-pedagogical debates on gender and sexuality in federal institutes in general.

Effectiveness of comprehensive sexuality education curriculum on improving hostile and benevolent sexism among university students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the effectiveness of a comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) curriculum on university students hostile and benevolent sexism, so as to provide a reference for evaluating the effects of CSE on reducing ambivalent sexism.@*Methods@#From September 2018 to January 2019, 165 university students from a university in Beijing were recruited using convenience sampling for a 5 month of CSE curriculum (36 sessions, 2 sessions per week, 45 min per session), including CSE and gender studies, sexual physiology and health, gender and gender roles, gender bias, intimate relationships and gender bias, gender based violence and gender bias, culture and gender bias, and gender and power. Students who took CSE curriculum were included in the intervention group ( n =97) and students from the same university who had not taken CSE curriculum were included in the control group ( n =68). Using the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory, both groups of university students were surveyed before and after the curriculum to analyze the effectiveness of the CSE curriculum. Chi -square test, ANOVA，cluster analysis and Kruskal Wallis test were used for statistical analysis.@*Results@#After the CSE curriculum, both hostile and benevolent sexism scores were lower in the intervention group (2.21±0.76, 2.36±0.68) than in the control group (2.81±0.61, 3.03±0.60) ( F =17.24, 33.26), and pre test scores were higher in the intervention group (2.64±0.67, 2.88±0.68) ( F =45.62, 66.93) ( P <0.01). On both hostile and benevolent sexism, female students scores (2.46±0.72, 2.65±0.70) were lower than male students scores (2.86±0.59, 3.09± 0.69 ) ( F=11.02, 14.20, P <0.01). Comparison of the curriculum effectiveness of hostile and benevolent sexism among clustered groups showed that the difference in hostile sexism scores was higher in the inconsistent type [0.63(0.25, 1.25)]than in the more consistent type [0.38(-0.16, 0.88)] and the lower consistent type [0.38(0.06, 0.63)] ( H=8.71, P <0.05); and the difference in benevolent sexism scores was higher in the more consistent type [0.75(0.53, 1.22)] than in the less consistent type [0.38(0.09, 0.88 )] and inconsistent type [0.38(-0.13,0.63)] ( H=10.82, P <0.05).@*Conclusions@#CSE can improve hostile and benevolent sexism in university students with sex and type differences. Attention should be paid to CSE curriculum to improve ambivalent sexism among university students with a view to fostering their awareness of gender equality.

Revisión sobre intervenciones de enfermería exitosas en educación sexual en adolescentes

Introducción: En la adolescencia son frecuentes los comportamientos sexuales de riesgo asociados a desinformación y falta de asesoramiento de la familia y de los profesionales de enfermería, lo que constituye un problema de salud pública. Objetivo: Analizar las evidencias científicas que existen sobre intervenciones de enfermería exitosas en el marco de la educación sexual orientada a la población escolar adolescente. Método: Revisión bibliográfica en las bases de datos Dialnet, LILACS y Pubmed. Los criterios de inclusión consideraron documentos que contenían intervenciones de enfermería escolar en educación sexual en población adolescente. Respecto a la selección por calidad metodológica de los artículos, se recurrió a lectura crítica, mediante la aplicación de la lista de comprobación CASPe. Luego se emplearon técnicas de análisis de contenido y se presentaron los resultados en tablas. Resultados: Las intervenciones de enfermería en educación demostraron efectos positivos sobre la salud sexual de los adolescentes, al mejorar sus conocimientos en prevención de embarazo e infecciones de transmisión sexual y disminuir significativamente la probabilidad de cometer conductas de riesgo. Conclusión: Según la bibliografía seleccionada se concluye que la enfermera escolar es un recurso indispensable para padres y educadores, al implementar programas educativos que promueven un desarrollo sexual saludable en los adolescentes.

Introdução: Na adolescência, são frequentes os comportamentos sexuais de risco associados à desinformação e à falta de orientação da família e dos profissionais de enfermagem, o que constitui um problema de saúde pública. Objetivo: Analisar as evidências científicas sobre intervenções de enfermagem bem-sucedidas no âmbito da educação sexual voltada para a população escolar adolescente. Método: Revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados Dialnet, LILACS e Pubmed. Os critérios de inclusão consideraram documentos que continham intervenções de enfermagem escolar em educação sexual na população adolescente. Para a seleção dos artigos quanto à qualidade metodológica, foi utilizada a leitura crítica, aplicando a lista de verificação CASPe. Foram empregadas técnicas de análise de conteúdo e os resultados foram apresentados em tabelas. Resultados: As intervenções de enfermagem na educação demonstraram efeitos positivos na saúde sexual dos adolescentes, melhorando seu conhecimento sobre gravidez e prevenção de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e reduzindo significativamente a probabilidade de cometer comportamentos de risco. Conclusão: De acordo com a bibliografia selecionada, conclui-se que o enfermeiro escolar é um recurso indispensável para pais e educadores na implementação de programas educacionais que promovam o desenvolvimento sexual saudável em adolescentes.

Introduction: In adolescence, risky sexual behaviors associated with misinformation and lack of advice from the family and nursing professionals are frequent, which constitutes a public health problem. Objective: To analyze the scientific evidence on successful nursing interventions within the framework of sexual education oriented to the adolescent school population. Method: Bibliographic review in the Dialnet, LILACS and Pubmed databases. Inclusion criteria considered documents containing school nursing interventions in sex education in the adolescent population. Regarding the selection of articles for methodological quality, critical reading was used, by applying the CASP checklist. Content analysis techniques were then used and the results were presented in tables. Results: Nursing interventions in education showed positive effects on the sexual health of adolescents, improving their knowledge of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection prevention and significantly reducing the probability of committing risky behaviors. Conclusion: According to the selected bibliography, it is concluded that the school nurse is an indispensable resource for parents and educators, implementing educational programs that promote healthy sexual development in adolescents.

Composição de grupo de diálogo sobre o tema gênero e sexualidade nas escolas / Composition of a dialogue group on the theme of gender and sexuality in schools / Composición de un grupo de diálogo sobre el tema de género y sexualidad en las escuelas

Considerando-se os desafios da composição de grupos de diálogos em temas socialmente polêmicos, este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar as estratégias utilizadas para compor um grupo de diálogo a partir da metodologia do Projeto de Conversações Públicas entre pessoas com distintas opiniões sobre a abordagem do tema da diversidade sexual e de gênero nas escolas brasileiras. As transcrições das audiogravações das conversas preparatórias e dos encontros grupais e as anotações de diário de campo compuseram o corpus de análise deste estudo. A análise temática de conteúdo serviu para o destaque das seguintes estratégias consideradas úteis para a composição grupal: 1) Reconhecendo as pessoas envolvidas no conflito; 2) Entrando em contato com pessoas-chave; 3) Recrutando participantes reservas; 4) Pensando formas alternativas de presença no grupo; 5) Reconhecendo quem precisaria estar na conversa; 6) Flexibilidade com relação a entrada de novas/os participantes; 7) Lidando com os estereótipos com relação as/aos facilitadoras/es; 8) Co-construindo estratégias para maior adesão grupal. Esses eixos analíticos foram discutidos a partir da literatura da área.

Considering the challenges of composing dialogue groups in polemic issues, this study aimed to present the strategies used to compose a dialogue group based on the methodology of the Public Conversations Project among people with different opinions on the approach to the topic of sexual and of gender in Brazilian schools. Transcripts of audio recordings of preparatory conversations and group meetings and field diary notes composed the corpus of analysis of this study. The thematic content analysis served to highlight the following strategies considered useful for group composition: 1) Recognizing the people involved in the conflict; 2) Contacting key people; 3) Recruiting reserve participants; 4) Thinking about alternative forms of presence in the group; 5) Recognizing who would need to be in the conversation; 6) Flexibility regarding the entry of new participants; 7) Dealing with stereotypes regarding facilitators; 8) Co-building strategies for greater group membership. The selected material was discussed based on the literature in the area.

Considerando los desafíos de la composición de grupos de diálogo, este estudio tuvo como objetivo presentar las estrategias utilizadas para la composición de un grupo de diálogo basado en la metodología del Proyecto Conversaciones Públicas entre personas con opiniones diferentes sobre el abordaje del tema sexual y de género en las escuelas brasileñas. Transcripciones de grabaciones de audio de conversaciones preparatorias y reuniones grupales y notas del diario de campo componen el corpus de análisis de este estudio. El análisis de contenido temático sirvió para resaltar las siguientes estrategias consideradas útiles para la composición del grupo: 1) Reconocimiento de las personas involucradas en el conflicto; 2) Ponerse en contacto con personas clave; 3) Reclutamiento de participantes de reserva; 4) Pensar en formas alternativas de presencia en el grupo; 5) Reconocer quién debería estar en la conversación; 6) Flexibilidad en la entrada de nuevos participantes; 7) Abordar los estereotipos sobre los facilitadores; 8) Estrategias de co-construcción para una mayor membresía del grupo. El material seleccionado se discutió con base en la literatura en el área.

Percepción de educación sexual en adolescentes institucionalizados con carencia de cuidado parental / Perception of Sexual Education in Institutionalized Adolescents with Lack of Parental Care

Resumen Objetivo: Conocer las percepciones sobre la educación sexual en adolescentes institucionalizados con carencia de cuidado parental. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio exploratorio cualitativo en el cual se analizaron siete entrevistas, tres dirigidas a adolescentes con carencia de cuidado parental y cuatro a cuidadores principales. Para la interpretación de datos se realizó análisis de contenido, y se utilizó el software MAXQDA Analitics Pro 2020. Resultados: Resultaron ocho subcategorías, las cuales se agruparon en tres grandes categorías, el adolescente institucionalizado, percepción desde el cuidador principal y percepción de recursos disponibles. Los resultados muestran dos posibles características de los adolescentes en esta condición, la necesidad de ser institucionalizado, debido a la carencia de cuidado parental, así como la posible experimentación de eventos traumáticos con repercusiones sobre la salud. Por otra parte, desde la percepción del cuidador se observa la construcción del concepto de sexualidad del adolescente, la cual ocurre generalmente en el entorno escolar o a través de la exposición de elementos audiovisuales fuera de este. Por otra parte, se observa la falta de reconocimiento de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos de los adolescentes, asi como de los procesos de educación sexual por cuidadores principales. Finalmente se identifican algunos recursos disponibles que pueden ser la base para el desarrollo de estrategias que promuevan la educación sexual integral. Conclusión: El análisis permitió identificar que los adolescentes en esta condición carecen de un sistema idóneo que les permita construir un concepto de sexualidad más integral, recordando que esta no se limita a su expresión a través de la genitalidad. Las instituciones ponen especial atención a los aspectos relacionados con la protección social como la alimentación, vestido, educación y atención médica, sin embargo, no se evidencian estrategias o acciones específicas que fomenten la educación sexual, ya sea por tabúes, miedo o incapacidad de proveerla.

Abstract Objective: To identify the perceptions of sexual education in institutionalized adolescents with lack of parental care. Materials and methods: Study with exploratory qualitative approach. Seven interviews were analyzed, three addressed to adolescents with lack of parental care and four to their main caregivers. The MAXQDA Analytics Pro 2020 software was used to interpret the data through content analysis method. Results: The analysis resulted in eight subcategories that were grouped into three large categories: the institutionalized adolescent, perception from the main caregiver and perception of available resources. The results show two possible characteristics of adolescents in this condition, such as the need to be institutionalized due to lack of parental care, as well as the possibility of experiencing traumatic events that have repercussions on adolescent´ health. On the other hand, from the perception of the caregiver, it is observed how the concept of sexuality is constructed, which generally occurs in the school environment or through the exposure of audiovisual elements. On the other hand, there is a lack of recognition of the sexual and reproductive rights of adolescents, as well as the processes of sexual education by main caregivers. Finally, some available resources are identified that can be the basis for strategies development that promote comprehensive sexual education. Conclusion: The analysis of the interviews allow to identify that adolescents in this condition lack an adequate system that will allow them to build a more comprehensive concept of sexuality, remembering that it is not limited to its expression through genitality. Institutions pay special attention to aspects related to social protection such as food, clothing, education, and medical care, however, there are no specific strategies or actions that promote sex education, either due to taboos, fear, or inability to provide it.

O uso dos métodos anticoncepcionais por estudantes de Medicina: uma revisão narrativa / Medical students' use of contraceptive methods: a narrative review

Anticoncepção são todas as técnicas e métodos utilizados para evitar a concepção. Os estudantes de Medicina se destacam nesse contexto, por representarem uma população em um período no qual a gravidez e doenças sexualmente transmissíveis são emergenciais. Logo, este estudo analisou a eficácia dos métodos contraceptivos na comunidade acadêmica médica e verificou se há ou não diferença na taxa de eficácia, em comparação com a população em geral. Sendo assim, realizou- -se uma revisão narrativa e encontraram-se 2.182 artigos; desses, 1.513 cumpriram o critério de inclusão, porém somente quatro artigos atendiam a todos os critérios e foram utilizados. A conclusão do estudo foi de que a taxa de Pearl é maior na população estudada devido ao mau uso dos contraceptivos, necessitando da melhora na qualidade da educação sexual nas universidades de Medicina ao redor do mundo, a fim de se evitarem a perpetuação da má utilização de contraceptivos e a desinformação no meio acadêmico médico.

Contraception is all the techniques and methods that are used to prevent conception. Medical students stand out in this context because they represent a population in a period in which pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases are emergencies. Therefore, this study analyzed the effectiveness of contraceptive methods in the medical academic community and verified whether or not there is difference in the rate of effectiveness compared to the general population. A narrative review was conducted and 2,182 articles were found, of these 1,513 met the inclusion criteria, but only four articles met all the criteria and were used. The conclusion of the study was that Pearl's rate is lower in the studied population due to the misuse of contraceptives, requiring improvement in the quality of sex education in medical universities around the world in order to avoid perpetuation of misuse of contraceptives and misinformation in the medical academic environment.

Escala de Crenças sobre Educação Sexual (ECES): evidências de validade no Brasil / Sex Education Belief Scale (SEBS): evidence of validity in Brazil / Escala de Creencias de Educación Sexual (ECES): evidencia de validez en Brasil

Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar a adaptação transcultural e produzir evidências de validade de uma escala para medir crenças sobre educação sexual no contexto brasileiro. Participaram desta pesquisa 580 universitários de cursos de licenciaturas, que responderam a um questionário contendo a versão adaptada da escala. Foram realizados procedimentos para adaptação transcultural do instrumento original e uma Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE) do instrumento adaptado. A versão final da Escala de Crenças sobre Educação Sexual (ECES), composta por dez itens distribuídos em um único fator com uma capacidade de explicação de variância de 47,9%, apresentou boas evidências de validade e fidedignidade, com coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,895 e boa conexão com um instrumento correlato. Os resultados indicam que a ECES consiste em uma boa ferramenta de medida, contextualizada com a realidade brasileira

In view of the debate on sexuality education in schools, this study aim to perform cross-cultural adaptation and produce evidence of the validity of a scale to measure beliefs about sex education in the Brazilian context. A total of 580 university students participated in the study and answered a questionnaire containing the adapted version of the scale. Procedures were performed for cross-cultural adaptation of the original instrument and an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) of the adapted instrument. The final version of the Sex Education Belief Scale (ECES), consisting of ten items distributed in a single factor with an explanatory capacity of variance of 47.9%, showed good evidence of validity and reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.895 and good connection with a related instrument. The results indicate that the SSEBS consists of a good measurement tool, contextualized with the Brazilian reality

Ante el debate sobre educación sexual en las escuelas, este estudio tiene como objetivo realizar una adaptación transcultural y producir evidencia de la validez de una escala para medir las creencias sobre la educación sexual en el contexto brasileño. El estudio incluyó a 580 estudiantes universitarios que respondieron un cuestionario que contenía la versión adaptada de la escala. Se realizaron procedimientos para la adaptación transcultural del instrumento original y una Análisis Factorial Exploratoria (AFE) del instrumento adaptado. La versión final de la Escala de Creencias de Educación Sexual (ECES), que consta de diez ítems distribuidos en un solo factor con una capacidad explicativa de variación del 47.9%, mostró buena evidencia de validez y confiabilidad, con un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0.895 y buena conexión con un instrumento correlacionado. Los resultados indican que el ECES consiste en una buena herramienta de medición, contextualizada con la realidad brasileña

Gobernar la sexualidad: análisis de la discusión de un proyecto de ley en chile / Governing sexuality: analysis of the discussion of a bill in chile / Governar a sexualidade: análise da discussão de um projeto de lei no chile

Resumen El artículo analiza los distintos posicionamientos y versiones sobre la sexualidad de de niños, niñas y jóvenes en la discusión en torno al del Proyecto de Ley que Establece Normas Generales en Materia de Educación sobre Afectividad, Sexualidad y Género para los Establecimientos Educacionales Reconocidos por el Estado entre marzo del 2019 y octubre del 2020 en Chile. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo con un corpus textual conformado por las transcripciones literales de las siete sesiones de audiencia en donde debatió el proyecto. Los resultados dan cuenta de cinco categorías: Liberalismo y desregulación, Desarrollo del ciclo vital, Disputa culturalista, Defensa de la familia, y Participación como acción. Se discute cómo los distintos posicionamientos se articulan desde la configuración de un modo de gobierno de las poblaciones por medio de la focalización estratégica en edades tempranas como mecanismo de preparación hacia la vida adulta.

Resumo O artigo analisa os diferentes posicionamentos e versões sobre a sexualidade de crianças e jovens na discussão em torno do Projeto de Lei que estabelece Normas Gerais para a Educação sobre Afetividade, Sexualidade e Gênero para Estabelecimentos de Ensino Reconhecidos pelo Estado entre março de 2019 e outubro de 2020 no Chile. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo com um corpus textual composto pelas transcrições literais das sete sessões de audiência em que o projeto foi debatido. Os resultados revelam cinco categorias: Liberalismo e desregulamentação, Desenvolvimento do ciclo de vida, Disputas culturais, Defesa da família, e Participação como ação. Discute-se como os diferentes posicionamentos se articulam a partir da configuração de uma forma de governar as populações através de um direcionamento estratégico em idades iniciais como um mecanismo de preparação para a idade adulta.

Abstract The article analyzes the different positions and versions on the sexuality of boys, girls, and young people in the discussion around the Bill that establishes General Standards on Education on Affectivity, Sexuality and Gender for Educational Establishments Recognized by the State between March 2019 and October 2020 in Chile. A qualitative study was conducted with a textual corpus made up of the verbatim transcripts of the seven hearing sessions where the project was debated. The results show five categories: Liberalism and deregulation, Life cycle development, Culturalist dispute, Defense of the family, and Participation as action. It is discussed how the different positions are articulated from the configuration of a way of governing populations through the strategic focus on early ages as a mechanism of preparation for adult life.

Educação sexual: dificuldades dos pais de jovens com síndrome de down / Sex education: difficulties for parents of young people with down syndrome / Educación sexual: dificultades para los padres de jóvenes con síndrome de down

Com este estudo buscou-se conhecer as dificuldades e barreiras de pais na educação sexual de jovens com Síndrome de Down, a partir de uma pesquisa descritiva e de natureza qualitativa, utilizando-se o conceito das representações sociais como referencial teórico-metodológico. O estudo foi conduzido em uma Organização Não Governamental (ONG), localizada em Recife (PE), após aprovação do Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa, sob parecer consubstanciado 3.558.587. A amostra do estudo envolveu 11 pais de jovens com Síndrome de Down com idades entre 15 e 24 anos. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A abordagem escolhida para a interpretação desses dados foi a análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin. Pode-se elencar como principais dificuldades enfrentadas pelos pais ao conversarem com seus filhos sobre sexualidade: a infantilização do jovem com Síndrome de Down, julgando-o incapaz de experienciar tais fenômenos e compreender a orientação que pudesse ser repassada; o medo em ultrapassar etapas e, de repente, "estimular" o filho a viver sua sexualidade de maneira "precoce"; e o fato de os pais também terem recebido pouca ou nenhuma orientação sexual por parte de suas famílias. Diante das narrativas dos pais, é possível perceber que ainda são muitos os mitos, tabus e preconceitos que permeiam a sexualidade dos jovens com Síndrome de Down, demonstrando que os responsáveis estão despreparados para dar as devidas orientações.(AU)

This study sought to know the difficulties and barriers of parents in the sexual education of young people with Down Syndrome, from a descriptive, qualitative study, using the concept of social representations as a theoretical-methodological framework. The study was conducted in a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO), located in Recife (PE) after approval by the Ethics and Research Committee, under substantiated opinion 3,558,587. The study sample involved 11 parents of young people with Down Syndrome aged between 15 and 24 years. The data collection was carried out by using semi-structured interviews. The approach chosen for interpretation of these data was the content analysis proposed by Bardin. The main difficulties faced by parents in talking with their children about sexuality can be listed as: the infantilization of young persons with Down Syndrome, deeming them incapable of experiencing such phenomena and understanding the guidance that could be given; the fear of overshooting the stages and, suddenly, "stimulating" the child to live their sexuality in an "early" way; and the facts of the parents also having received little or no sexual guidance from their families. Given the parents' narratives, it is possible to realize that there are still many myths, taboos, and prejudices that permeate the sexuality of young people with Down Syndrome, demonstrating that parents were unprepared to provide the right guidance.(AU)

Este estudio buscó conocer las dificultades y barreras de los padres en la educación sexual de los jóvenes con síndrome de Down a partir de un estudio descriptivo, cualitativo, que utilizó el concepto de representaciones sociales como marco teórico-metodológico. La investigación se llevó a cabo en una Organización No Gubernamental (ONG), ubicada en la ciudad de Recife (Pernambuco, Brasil), después de la aprobación del Comité de Ética e Investigación, bajo la opinión fundamentada 3.558.587. La muestra del estudio incluyó a 11 padres de jóvenes con síndrome de Down con edades comprendidas entre 15 y 24 años. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante entrevista semiestructurada. El enfoque elegido para la interpretación de los datos fue el análisis de contenido propuesto por Bardin. Pueden enumerarse como las principales dificultades que enfrentan los padres para hablar sobre la sexualidad con sus hijos: la infantilización del joven con síndrome de Down, considerándolo incapaz de experimentar tales fenómenos y comprender la orientación que se le puede dar; el miedo de ir más allá de las etapas y, de repente, "estimular" al niño a vivir su sexualidad de una manera "temprana"; y el hecho de que los padres también habían recibido poca o ninguna orientación sexual de sus familias. Dadas las narraciones de los padres, es posible darse cuenta de que todavía hay muchos mitos, tabúes y prejuicios sobre la sexualidad de los jóvenes con síndrome de Down, lo que muestra que los padres no estaban preparados para brindarles este tipo de orientación.(AU)

Factores de riesgo asociados al embarazo adolescentes durante la pandemia por COVID-19

Introducción: El Ecuador es el segundo país de la región con el índice más alto de embarazo adolescente. En este país el número de embarazos es significativamente mayor cada año si se agregan los abortos registrados en el sistema público de salud, y aquellos que se dan de manera clandestina, sin registro. Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo asociados al embarazo en adolescentes durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en las unidades urbanas de salud de la ciudad de Tulcán. Método: Se ejecutó combinando paradigmas cuantitativo y cualitativo, investigación acción y de tipo no experimental, lo descriptivo y correlacional, de campo y bibliográfica. Los métodos teóricos, el método empírico y análisis documental, contribuyeron a la actualidad del problema, para elaborar la propuesta después de la encuesta realizada a 87 gestantes. Resultados: El 67 % de las adolescentes se encontraba entre los 15 y 19 años. El 32 % recibió visitas de su pareja sentimental durante el periodo de la COVID-19, el 43 % no tuvo acceso a los servicios sanitarios y el 25 % no lo tuvo a la educación sobre la sexualidad. Por otra parte, el 52 % no tuvo acceso a métodos anticonceptivos, el 63 % no experimentó ningún tipo de violencia intrafamiliar, aunque el 2 % fue violada sexualmente. El 56 % declaró haber recibido ayuda de su pareja sentimental y este mismo por ciento manifestó no poseer ingresos económicos para realizarse atenciones privadas. El 76 % no tuvo orientación sobre planificación familiar y el 63 % señaló que la responsabilidad de recibir orientación sexual era por parte de los padres. Conclusiones: Fue posible la identificación de factores de riesgo de las adolescentes embarazadas, lo que permite la elaboración de intervenciones educativas para su mejor información sobre educación sexual, planificación familiar y uso de anticonceptivos.

Introduction: Ecuador is the second country in the region with the highest rate of teenage pregnancy. In this country, the number of pregnancies is significantly higher each year if we add abortions registered in the public health system, and those that occur clandestinely, without registration. Objective: To identify the risk factors associated with pregnancy in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in the urban health units of the city of Tulcán. Method: It was executed by combining quantitative and qualitative paradigms, action and non-experimental research, descriptive and correlational, field and bibliographic. The theoretical methods, the empirical method and documentary analysis, contributed to the topicality of the problem, to develop the proposal after the survey carried out with 87 pregnant women. Results: 67% of the adolescents were between 15 and 19 years old. 32% received visits from their romantic partner during the COVID-19 period, 43% did not have access to health services and 25% did not have access to sexuality education. On the other hand, 52% did not have access to contraceptive methods, 63% did not experience any type of domestic violence, although 2% were sexually raped. 56% declared having received help from their romantic partner and this same percent stated that they did not have the financial income to provide private care. 76% did not receive guidance on family planning and 63% indicated that the responsibility of receiving sexual guidance was on the parents. Conclusions: It was possible to identify risk factors for pregnant adolescents, which allows the development of educational interventions for better information on sexual education, family planning and contraceptive use.

Introdução: Equador é o segundo país da região com a maior taxa de gravidez na adolescência. Neste país, o número de gravidezes é significativamente maior a cada ano se somarmos os abortos registados no sistema público de saúde e os que ocorrem de forma clandestina, sem registo. Objetivo: identificar os fatores de risco associados à gravidez em adolescentes durante a pandemia de COVID-19 nas unidades urbanas de saúde da cidade de Tulcán. Método: Foi executado combinando paradigmas quantitativos e qualitativos, pesquisa-ação e não-experimental, descritiva e correlacional, de campo e bibliográfica. Os métodos teóricos, o método empírico e a análise documental, contribuíram para a atualidade do problema, para desenvolver a proposta após a pesquisa realizada com 87 gestantes. Resultados: 67% dos adolescentes tinham entre 15 e 19 anos. 32% receberam visitas do seu parceiro romântico durante o período da COVID-19, 43% não tiveram acesso a serviços de saúde e 25% não tiveram acesso à educação sexual. Por outro lado, 52% não tiveram acesso a métodos contraceptivos, 63% não sofreram qualquer tipo de violência doméstica, embora 2% tenham sido violadas sexualmente. 56% declararam ter recebido ajuda do parceiro amoroso e esse mesmo percentual afirmou não ter rendimentos financeiros para prestar atendimento privado. 76% não receberam orientação sobre planejamento familiar e 63% indicaram que a responsabilidade de receber orientação sexual era dos pais. Conclusões: Foi possível identificar fatores de risco para adolescentes grávidas, o que permite o desenvolvimento de intervenções educativas para melhores informações sobre educação sexual, planejamento familiar e uso de contraceptivos.

O programa saúde na escola como ferramenta para a construção da educação sexual na adolescência: um relato de experiência / The health in school program as a tool for the construction of sex education in adolescence: an experience report / El programa salud en la escuela como herramienta para la construcción de la educación sexual en la adolescencia: relato de una experiencia

Introdução: O Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE), instituído no ano de 2007, tem o objetivo de promover saúde através do processo educacional, oferecendo o conhecimento adequado e possibilitando a redução de vulnerabilidades que podem vir a comprometer o desenvolvimento de crianças e adolescentes, valorizando a parceria entre profissionais de saúde no contexto escolar. Objetivo: Descrever a experiência de acadêmicas de enfermagem atuando no PSE através de uma abordagem sobre sexualidade na adolescência e enfatizar a importância do papel da enfermeira para promoção da saúde por meio da educação. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo e qualitativo, do tipo relato de experiência, realizado durante as atividades do Estágio Supervisionado I, do curso de Bacharelado em Enfermagem, de uma universidade do interior da Bahia, em uma escola pública municipal do interior da Bahia, no mês de junho de 2022. Principais resultados: Os estudantes não demonstraram constrangimento acerca da temática e estavam participativos, porém, alguns estudantes apresentaram uma postura de desinteresse no que se refere à seriedade do assunto abordado. Percebeu-se que estes possuem conhecimento prévio acerca da temática de saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Todavia, ainda apresentam dúvidas acerca da transmissão das Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST), o que contribui para o aumento da ocorrência dessas doenças nessa população. Conclusão: Portanto, destaca-se a importância do PSE e da atuação da enfermeira para educação sexual, o que reflete na qualidade de vida dos adolescentes, bem como na prevenção dos riscos e agravos à sua saúde.

Introduction: The School Health Program (PSE), established in 2007, aims to promote health through the educational process, offering adequate knowledge and enabling the reduction of vulnerabilities that may compromise the development of children and adolescents, valuing the partnership between health professionals in the school context. Objective: To describe the experience of nursing students working in the PSE through an approach on sexuality in adolescence and to emphasize the importance of the nurse's role for health promotion through education. Methodology: Descriptive and qualitative study, of the type of experience report, carried out during the activities of Supervised Internship I, of the Bachelor of Nursing course, of a university in the interior of Bahia, in a municipal public school in the interior of Bahia, in June 2022. Main results: The students did not show embarrassment about the theme and were participative, however, some students presented a posture of disinterest regarding the seriousness of the subject addressed. It was noticed that they have previous knowledge about the theme of sexual and reproductive health. However, they still have doubts about the transmission of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), which contributes to the increase in the occurrence of these diseases in this population. Conclusion: Therefore, the importance of the PSE and the nurse's performance for sexual education is highlighted, which reflects on the quality of life of adolescents, as well as in the prevention of risks and injuries to their health.

Introducción: El Programa Salud en la Escuela (PSE), creado en 2007, tiene como objetivo promover la salud a través del proceso educativo, ofreciendo conocimientos adecuados y posibilitando la reducción de vulnerabilidades que puedan comprometer el desarrollo de niños y adolescentes, valorizando la asociación entre profesionales de salud en el contexto escolar. Objetivo: Describir la experiencia de los estudiantes de enfermería que trabajan en el PSE a través de un abordaje sobre la sexualidad en la adolescencia y destacar la importancia del papel de la enfermera para la promoción de la salud a través de la educación. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo y cualitativo, del tipo relato de experiencia, realizado durante las actividades de Práctica Supervisada I, del curso de Licenciatura en Enfermería, de una universidad del interior de Bahía, en una escuela pública municipal del interior de Bahía, en junio de 2022. Principales resultados: Los alumnos no mostraron vergüenza con el tema y se mostraron participativos, sin embargo, algunos alumnos presentaron una postura de desinterés en relación a la seriedad del tema abordado. Se notó que tienen conocimientos previos sobre el tema de la salud sexual y reproductiva. Sin embargo, aún tienen dudas sobre la transmisión de Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual (ITS), lo que contribuye al aumento de la ocurrencia de estas enfermedades en esta población. Conclusiones: Por lo tanto, se destaca la importancia de la PSE y de la actuación de la enfermera para la educación sexual, lo que se refleja en la calidad de vida de los adolescentes, así como en la prevención de riesgos y daños a su salud.

Experience and associated factors of sexuality education among kindergarten and primary and secondary school teachers / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the experience, attitude and practice of sexuality education for teachers, so as to provide evidence for promoting sexuality education training for teachers and teaching ability improvement.@*Methods@#From September to October 2021, 2 146 valid data of kindergarten and primary and secondary school teachers across the country were collected. Associateds factors of teachers sexuality education behavior were explored by Logistic regression analysis.@*Results@#Family and school based sexuality education experiences were insufficient among teachers (22.51%, 46.55%), and the proportions of female teachers who had received sexuality education (20.44%, 41.67%) were significantly higher than that of male teachers (2.05%, 4.90%). Currently, 47.53 % of the kindergartens and primary and secondary schools from participating teachers didn t carry out sex education, which mainly focused in the field of reproductive health and physical development. Kindergartens and primary and secondary schools often integrated sex education into other disciplines (64.48%, 47.83%). Teachers acceptance of family and school based sexuality education, students willingness to communicate on sexual topics with teachers, teachers confidence in answering sexual questions were positively correlated with teachers teaching activities of sexuality education ( OR=1.59, 1.37, 1.67, 1.67, P < 0.01 ).@*Conclusions@#Teachers teaching ability of sexuality education is insufficient, and school based sexuality education couldn t meet students developmental needs. Providing sexuality education training to teachers and enhancing their confidence in answering sexual questions are helpful to facilitate sexuality education teaching activities.

Exploration of the policy structure of China s school sexuality education based on text analysis / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the structural status of school sexuality education policies in China, so as to provide a reference to optimize their effectiveness and development.@*Methods@#A total of 45 policy documents closely related to school sexuality education, released at the national level, as samples in order to construct an analytic framework of policy objectives/instruments by analyzing their textual content.@*Results@#In terms of policy objectives, school sexuality education policies focused on educational methods guidance (32.76%), and tend to underestimate the evaluation of educational effects (5.17%) and the protection of teachers and students rights and interests (5.17%), while failed to consider the creation of educational environments (0). In regards to policy tools, school sexuality education policies often used command line tools (59.45%) and capacity building tools ( 29.71% ), while the use of system change tools (2.70%) and incentive tools was lacking (0). In respect to the adaptability of policy objectives/tools, school sexuality education policies focused on using command based tools to guide educational methods ( 68.42% ), educational process management (54.55%), student literacy improvement (38.46%), and educational resource development ( 37.50% ). However, system change tools and incentive tools were scarcely used to achieve policy goals in education effectiveness evaluation, to protect teacher student rights and interests, and to improve student literacy and comprehensive social governance.@*Conclusions@#There is some deviations in the positioning of policy objectives, the selection of policy tools, and the interaction and adaptation between the two in school sex education policies, and further improvement is needed.

Enhancing school based sexuality education to promote the development of students physical and mental health / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#School-based sexuality education continues to face problems and challenges, such as schools are unable to carry out their main role in regards to the provision of sexuality education, a shortage of teachers specialized in teaching this subject and the absence of a separate and dedicated curriculum that focuses on comprehensive sexuality education teaching content. In order to promote school-based sexuality education, it is necessary to promote a comprehensive curriculum that enhances content relevance, while continuously improving and optimizing national policies on sexuality education by focusing on more accurate policy making, refining implementation methods, and strengthening the synergistic effect of school-based sexuality education policies.

Sex Education Parenting Application in Improving Parents’ Knowledge about the Prevention of Sexual Violence among Children

@#Introduction: Cases of violence against children in Indonesia are still a complex problem. The high prevalence highlights the importance of understanding effective ways through which parents can provide the best protection for their children. However, many Indonesian parents consider sex education vulgar and inappropriate. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using the sex education parenting (SETTING) application to improve the level of knowledge about the prevention of sexual violence among children during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: This study was conducted using a quasi-experimental with one group pre-test and post-test design. A total of 91 parents at the Sempor I Health Center, Kebumen Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, selected accidentally participated for 3 months. The instrument used was the parental knowledge questionnaire and the smartphone-based SETTING application which has been confirmed valid and reliable, while data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test. Results: The results showed that the majority of parents’ knowledge increased from sufficient (73.6%) to a good level (82.4%) and there were statistically significant improvements in parents’ level of knowledge about the prevention of sexual violence after being given sex education through the SETTING application with p= 0.000 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Sex education with the SETTING smartphone application can effectively increase parents’ knowledge of preventing sexual violence in children. Future investigations are needed to further develop this study in evaluating the effectiveness of SETTING on parental behavior.

Effectiveness of sex education curriculum on sex-related knowledge, attitude and practice of preschool children in senior class / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To evaluate the effectiveness of sex education curriculum on sex related knowledge, attitude and practice of preschool children in senior class, so as to provide a reference basis for the comprehensive development of early childhood sex education in the future.@*Methods@#From December 2021 to July 2022, the two stage stratified sampling method was used to select 12 kindergartens in Luzhou City, of which 6 senior classes were chosen as the intervention group (360 before the intervention, 354 after the intervention), and the other 6 senior classes as the control group (416 before the intervention, 326 after the intervention). The intervention group was conducted with early childhood sex education classes in the form of a series of courses, with a total of four topics including one parent course and three child courses every month, while the control group received routine teaching schedule. A survey was conducted on the knowledge, attitude and practice of early childhood sex education among preschool children and their parents before and after the intervention. χ 2 text analysis was used to carry out the effect.@*Results@#There was no statistically significant difference in sexual education related knowledge, attitude and practice between the intervention group and the control group before intervention ( P >0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the awareness rate of sexual knowledge (77.4%, 69.6%), positive attitude rate (73.7%, 10.1%), good practice rate (59.3%, 38.0%), and good knowledge, attitude and practice rate (37.9%,1.8%) between the intervention group and the control group after intervention ( χ 2=5.28, 279.77, 30.77, 134.62, P <0.05). Similar findings were observed in the intervention group before and after the intervention ( χ 2=63.39, 344.31 , 41.41, 161.03, P <0.05). The difference in the awareness rate of sexual related knowledge between the control group before and after intervention was statistically significant ( χ 2=44.29, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The early childhood sex education curriculum might help improve sex related knowledge, attitude and practice. Kindergartens should be encouraged to actively promote sex education, training, and guidance for preschool children and their parents, in order to improve the sex related knowledge, attitude and practice.

Knowledge of comprehensive sexuality education and influencing factors among junior high school teachers / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand knowledge of comprehensive sexuality education and its associated factors among junior high school teachers in six provinces in China, in order to provide a scientific basis for teacher training.@*Methods@#From June to December 2021, a convenience sampling method was used to select 1 016 junior high school teachers from Beijing, Chongqing, Liaoning, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guangdong provinces. A structured questionnaire was used to investigate teachers knowledge of comprehenswe sexuality education. Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the related influencing factors of the knowledge of comprehensive sexuality education among junior high school teachers.@*Results@#The study showed that the knowledge rate of comprehensive sexuality education among middle school teachers was 58.1%, and the knowledge rate was higher in teachers who had conducted sexuality education to students( χ 2=9.42, P <0.01). The percentage of the correct answer on the prevention and control of sexually transmitted diseases(26.0%), the impact of inequality on love relationships( 33.6 %), and the impact of mass media on sexual cognition(68.8%) was the lowest. Regardless of whether they had implemented sexuality education for students, the knowledge and awareness rate of sexual knowledge among biology teachers, school doctors/health teachers and mental health teachers was higher( OR=2.32, 4.17, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Knowledge of comprehensive sexuality education among middle school teachers still needs to be improved. It is advisable to strengthen the training of comprehensive sexuality education for middle school teachers and focus on teachers of subjects related to comprehensive sexuality education.