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Objective:To develop the Scale of Pain-Relevant Responses from Spouse for Chronic Pain Patients and to test its reliability and validity, so as to provide a reliable tool for the scientific assessment of the pain-relevant responses from spouses for chronic pain patients.Methods:Based on the interpersonal process model of intimacy, the first draft of the scale was formed through literature analysis, semi-structured interview, Delphi expert consultation and pre-investigation. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 388 patients with chronic pain who visited the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from April 2022 to April 2023 using convenience sampling method to test the reliability and validity of the scale.Results:The Scale of Pain-Relevant Responses from Spouse for Chronic Pain Patients included 21 items in 4 dimensions: emotional support pain-relevant responses, behavioral support pain-relevant responses, distractive pain-relevant responses and negative pain-relevant responses. The range of I-CVI was 0.850-1.000. The results of structural validity analysis showed that four qualified common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 71.173%. The confirmatory factor analysis model fit indicators were within the acceptable range. The correlation validity coefficient was 0.692 ( P<0.01). The Cronbach α coefficient of the total table was 0.894, the half reliability was 0.906, and the retest reliability was 0.927. Conclusions:The Scale of Pain-Relevant Responses from Spouse for Chronic Pain Patients has good reliability and validity, and is suitable for the evaluation of pain-relevant responses from spouse of chronic pain patients.
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Objective To investigate the dyadic coping experience of patients undergoing cancer surgery and their spouses.Methods Sixteen cancer patients who were initially diagnosed with cancer and underwent cancer surgery in a general hospital in Henan province as well as and their spouses were selected as the study subjects by objective sampling method.All the patients and their spouses were included in the postoperative follow-up for dyadic coping experiences though a 3 months interview.The acquired data were summarised and analysed by Colaizzi's phenomenological method to identify relevant themes.Results A total of eight themes were identified,including three themes over the phase of confirmed diagnosis,strong stress response,coping with stress alone and consistent attitude towards seeking medical treatment;two themes over the perioperative phase,lack of coping ability and change in relationship;and three themes over the phase of home recovery,lack of disease information,poor communication skills and post-trauma growth of both patient and spouse.Conclusions The dyadic coping experience of patients who undergo cancer surgery and their spouses varies with the stages across the treatment.Therefore,medical staff should offer targeted nursing care according to the dyadic coping experience at different stages,hence to improve the physical and mental health of the cancer patients and their spouses.
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Objective To analyze the effect of spousal synchronous exercise and diet intervention on maternal and neonatal outcomes in overweight pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods We divided 120 overweight pregnant women with GDM into intervention and control groups(n= 60 per group),who received spousal synchronous and routine exercise and diet interventions,respectively.The age,body mass index(BMI),and levels of fasting blood glucose(FPG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2 h-PG),and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)at the first prenatal examination were recorded.The levels of FPG,2 h-PG,and HbA1c at the diagnosis of GDM and gestational week 28,delivery mode,and incidence of complications during the delivery were compared between the groups.The self-rating depression scale and self-rating anxiety scale were used to evaluate the women's mental status after delivery.The body weight,blood glucose level,Apgar score,and incidence of complications including macrosomia,hypoglycemia,and asphyxia in the new-borns were compared between the groups.Results The groups did not differ significantly in term of age,BMI,FPG,2 h-FPG,or HbA1c at GDM diagnosis(P>0.05).At gestational week 28,the FPG,2 h-FPG,and HbA1c levels were significantly lower than those before the intervention in both groups,and were also significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group(P<0.05).Com-pared with the control group,the proportion of natural delivery was significantly higher and the incidence of complications was sig-nificantly lower in the intervention group(P<0.05).The anxiety and depression status were significantly better in the intervention group than in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the frequency of macrosomia and blood glucose levels were significantly lower and the Apgar scores were significantly higher in the intervention group(P<0.05).Conclusion Spousal synchronous exercise and diet intervention may effectively decrease the blood glucose and HbA1c levels in overweight pregnant women with GDM,decrease the incidence of maternal and neonatal complications,and improve pregnant women's mental status.
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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Specific types of violence such as intimate partner sexual violence and intimate partner homicide occur more frequently in rural areas. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the knowledge and attitudes of rural healthcare providers regarding cases of domestic violence against women. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review developed at Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. METHODS: We conducted an electronic search of six databases, which only included observational studies, regardless of the year, language, or country of publication, except for studies that used secondary data and were exclusively qualitative. Two reviewers performed the selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using a specific Joanna Briggs Institute tool. RESULTS: Six studies met the inclusion criteria. All the studies had a low risk of bias. Approximately 38% of these professionals identified injuries caused by violence in patients. When asked about knowing the correct attitude to take in cases of confirmed violence, between 12% and 64% of rural healthcare providers answered positively; most of them would refer to specialized institutions and promote victim empowerment and counseling. The number of professionals with an educational background in the field ranged from 16% to 98%. CONCLUSIONS: The evident disparity across studies shows that some professionals have suboptimal knowledge and require training to adopt the correct attitude when identifying female victims of domestic violence in clinical practice. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: This systematic review was registered in the Open Science Framework Database under the registration http://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B7Q6S.
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Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth cause of cancer deaths globally and is ranked in Kenya as the second cause of cancer-related deaths among females. Men are crucial in minimizing cervical cancer burden. This study sought to establish the socio-cultural and economic factors determining male involvement in their partner's cervical cancer screening in Makueni County, Kenya. Methods: A mixed-method cross-sectional study was used to obtain quantitative and qualitative data from men using questionnaires. Participants were married men aged 18-64 who sought services at three mid-level rural hospitals in Makueni County. Three key Informant face-to-face interviews were conducted. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferences. Qualitative data was analyzed through codes and themes. Results: The study included 291 men. Men's involvement in their partner's cervical cancer screening was low. Only 18% of the participants showed high involvement. The participants' mean age was 38.59 (SD±10.51). Younger men (median age=33 years) were significantly more involved than their older counterparts (median age=38 years) (U=4363, p=0.020). The level of male involvement was strongly linked to the rural area of residence (p=0.001) and the hospital where the respondents were interviewed (p=0.012). Other determining factors included employment status (p=0.004), educational level (p=0.000, and spousal screening history (p=0.000). The odds of male involvement were higher in men who understood their role in cervical cancer screening than those who did not (OR=4.550, 95% CI [1.307, 15.844], p=0.017). Conclusions: Male involvement in their partner’s cervical cancer screening remains significantly low, and demographics and sociocultural factors are key to these poor trends.
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RESUMEN Objetivo: Integrar la evidencia teórica y empírica relacionada con la violencia de pareja íntima en el contexto de atención en salud pública. Materiales y Método: Se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura siguiendo la propuesta de Dixon-Woods, Agarwal, Jones, Young y Sutton. Las bases de datos consultadas fueron PubMed, Scielo, Medline, Lilacs, Proquest, ESBCO, Science Direct y Scopus y el meta-buscador Google académico en los idiomas inglés, español y portugués. Se utilizaron los siguientes descriptores: Partner Violence, Intimate Violence, Intimate Partner, Intimate Partner Abuse, Partner Abuse, Intimate Spouse Abuse, Public Health. Resultados: Se identificaron 119 artículos relacionados con la violencia de pareja íntima en el ámbito mundial. Latinoamérica y Norteamérica fueron las regiones del mundo con mayor proporción de artículos identificados (37.2 y 32.2 % respectivamente). Los países de Latinoamérica con más aportes en el tema son Brasil, con el 17 %; Colombia, con el 6.9 % y México, con el 4.3 %; mientras en Norteamérica, en los Estados Unidos se publicaron el 29.4 % de los artículos encontrados. En el periodo estudiado (2015-2020), se encontró un mayor número de artículos publicados en los años 2017 y 2020, la mayoría de ellos (57.1 %) utilizó una metodología cuantitativa. Conclusiones: Los patrones temáticos que emergen de esta revisión integradora develan los entramados de la violencia de pareja muestran cómo las relaciones de poder, la desigualdad de género y las múltiples violencias a las que se ven expuestas las mujeres están directamente influenciadas por la cultura machista y patriarcal.
ABSTRACT Objective: To integrate the theoretical and empirical evidence related to intimate partner violence in the context of public health care. Materials and Method: An integrative review of the literature was carried out following the proposal of Dixon-Woods, Agarwal, Jones, Young and Sutton. The databases consulted were PubMed, Scielo, Medline, Lilacs, Proquest, ESBCO, Science Direct and Scopus and the academic Google metasearch engine in English, Spanish and Portuguese. The following descriptors were used: Partner Violence, Intimate Violence, Intimate Partner, Intimate Partner Abuse, Partner Abuse, Intimate Spouse Abuse, Public Health. Results: 119 articles related to intimate partner violence worldwide were identified. Latin America and North America were the world regions with the highest proportion of identified articles (37.2 % and 32.2%, respectively). The Latin American countries with the most contributions on the subject are Brazil, with 17 %; Colombia, with 6.9 %, and Mexico, with 4.3 %; While in North America, 29.4 % of the articles found were published in the United States. In the period studied (2015-2020), a greater number of articles published in the years 2017 and 2020 were found, most of them (57.1 %) used a quantitative methodology. Conclusions: the thematic patterns that emerge from this integrative review reveal the networks of intimate partner violence and show that asymmetric relationships, gender inequality and the multiple forms of violence to which women are exposed are directly influenced by the macho culture and patriarchal.
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ObjectiveTo analyze the HIV infection characteristics and influencing factors among the spouses of HIV/AIDS patients in Shanghai. MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect demographic， behavioral， epidemiological and spousal HIV detection information of newly reported and married patients with HIV/AIDS in Shanghai from January 2018 to July 2022 in the comprehensive HIV prevention and control information system of Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the HIV positivity rate of the spouses of HIV patients and the influencing factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. ResultsA total of 1 233 subjects were investigated， and the first HIV-testing positivity rate of the spouses of HIV/AIDS patients was 29.3% （361/1 233）. There were statistically significant differences in the HIV-testing positivity rate among spouses of HIV/AIDS patients by different age， gender， education level， occupation， transmission route， quantity of non-marital sexual activities， quantity of homo-sexual activities， and baseline CD4 cell count level （P<0.05）. Spouses of the HIV/AIDS patients aged ≥65 years old， female， heterosexual transmission， less non-marital sex， and no history of homosexual sex had relatively high HIV positive rate. The HIV-positive detection rate of spouses in the ≥65 age group was 1.81 times higher than that in the <45 age group. The HIV-positive detection rate of spouses in the female group was 3.66 times higher than that in the male group， and the HIV-positive detection rate of spouses in the homosexual transmission group was 0.25 times higher than that of the heterosexual transmission group. ConclusionRisk awareness of HIV infection among married people with spouses should be improved. The key populations with the characteristics such as females as the first HIV-positive reporter， and heterosexual transmission should be paid special attention.Their spouses should be mobilized to conduct HIV-testing as early as possible
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ObjectiveTo determine the characteristics， viral load and immunological status of HIV-infected persons and their spouses who became HIV-positive， and the reasons for HIV seroconversion in 55 HIV discordant couples in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture （Dehong Prefecture）， Yunan Province. MethodsData on the 55 couples meeting the criteria of having a previously positive spouse were retrieved from the AIDS Integrated Prevention and Control Data Information System of the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System during 2015-2021. General socio-demographic information， age at diagnosis， exposure history， CD4+T lymphocyte count， and antiviral treatment were collected. Descriptive analysis and chi-square test were used to compare the distribution of pre-HIV-positive spouses and their HIV seroconverted spouses. ResultsA total of 55 spouses from HIV discordant couples had HIV seroconversion. Of them， 72.7% （40/55） of pre-HIV-positive spouses were husbands. The most recent CD4+T lymphocyte count in the pre-HIV-positive spouses was （328.31±246.27） cells·μL-1 at the time of diagnosis of their seroconverted spouses， of which 36.3% （20/55） had a CD4+T lymphocyte count of less than 200 cells·μL-1. Furthermore， of those pre-HIV-positive spouses with low CD4+T lymphocyte count， 45.0% （9/20） had an undetectable viral load， 15.0% （3/20） <400 copies·mL-1， and 25.0%（5/20） ≥400 copies·mL-1. Additionally， 16.4% （9/55） of the pre-HIV-positive spouses did not have a viral load test. The main reasons for HIV seroconversion among HIV-negative spouses in the discordant couples were poor condom use， poor compliance with antiviral therapy， and treatment discontinuation. ConclusionThe follow-up management of HIV discordant couples should be strengthened in Dehong Prefecture， especially the monitoring of viral load levels and immunological status of pre-HIV-positive spouses， to improve their compliance with antiviral therapy and reduce treatment discontinuation， which would effectively prevent and control HIV transmission between spouses.
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Objective:To investigate and analyze the status quo of cancer communication in breast cancer patients′ families, so as to provide reference for targeted solutions to the communication problems of breast cancer patients' spouses.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. From April to November 2022, 204 pairs of breast cancer patients and their spouses in Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College were taken as the research objects, and the basic information questionnaire, Family Avoidance of Communication about Cancer Scale (FACCS) and Female Self-Advocacyin Cancer Survivorship (FSACS) were used to investigate patients. The patient's spouse was investigated with Zarit Caregiyer Burden Interview (ZBI), and the survey data were statistically analyzed with hierarchical regression analysis.Results:The family cancer communication score of breast cancer patients was (65.30 ± 7.63) points. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the patient′s Per capita monthly household income, tumor stage, family history of malignant tumor, and patient′s self advocacy level were the influencing factors of family cancer communication, which could explain 39.1% of family cancer communication variation ( F=22.36, P<0.05). From the aspect of patients′ spouses, the influence of spouse care burden could explain 14.2% of patients′ family cancer communication variation ( F=16.39, P<0.05). Conclusions:Breast cancer patients have poor family cancer communication. There are differences in the degree of family cancer communication among breast cancer patients with different characteristics. Patients with lower self-advocacy score, no previous family history of malignant tumor, higher spouse care burden, lower Per capita monthly household income and higher tumor stage have worse family cancer communication.
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Resumo Este estudo analisa a associação das violências contra a mulher durante a gestação segundo as características socioeconômicas e comportamentais do parceiro íntimo. Trata-se de um estudo transversal analítico em uma maternidade de um município do Espírito Santo com 327 puérperas, onde foram coletados dados sobre as características do parceiro íntimo. O instrumento da Organização Mundial da Saúde foi utilizado para rastrear a violência por parceiro íntimo na gestação. Foram obtidas as associações pela regressão de Poisson bruta e ajustada. Puérperas cujos parceiros consumiam bebida alcoólica, não eram os pais biológicos da criança e se recusavam a usar preservativo tiveram maior prevalência de violência psicológica na gestação. A violência física se associou às puérperas cujos parceiros não trabalhavam e se recusavam a usar preservativo. Puérperas com parceiros que se recusavam a usar preservativo tiveram prevalência nove vezes maior de sofrer violência sexual na gestação. Desse modo, o pré-natal se apresenta como um momento oportuno para abordar os parceiros quanto ao cuidado em saúde e enfrentamento à violência. É necessário ampliar o acolhimento dos homens pelos serviços de saúde para intervir nos fatores que favorecem a violência na gestação.
Abstract This study analyzes the association between violence against women during pregnancy and intimate partner socioeconomic and behavioral characteristics. We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study with 327 postpartum women admitted to a maternity hospital in a city in Espírito Santo, Brazil using a questionnaire to collect data on intimate partner socioeconomic and behavioral characteristics. Intimate partner violence was assessed using questions based on the World Health Organisation instrument "Violence against Women (WHO VAW STUDY)". Associations were tested using crude and adjusted Poisson regression. The prevalence of psychological violence during pregnancy was higher among women whose partners consumed alcohol, refused to use condoms, and were not the infant's biological father. Physical violence was associated with women whose partners did not work and refused to use condoms. The prevalence of sexual violence during pregnancy was more than nine times higher among women with partners who refused to use condoms. The findings demonstrate that antenatal care is an opportune time to approach partners about health care and address violence. It is necessary to promote the utilization of health services by men in order to address risk factors for violence during pregnancy.
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ABSTRACT Objetivo Evaluar si las representaciones sociales sobre violencia de pareja se relacionan con su naturalización. Material y Métodos Estudio exploratorio, mediante cuestionario, con participación de 731 hombres y mujeres en unión marital vigente. Resultados El 82% reporta haber sufrido violencia de su pareja. De este grupo el 51% se reconoce como víctima. El grupo que no reporta haber sufrido episodios violentos muestra una puntuación media inferior en la aceptación de los mitos en comparación con los grupos que reportan haber padecido violencia, se reconozcan o no como víctimas. Al relacionar el grado de acuerdo de los mitos con variables sociodemográficas, se obtiene una correlación significativa con el nivel de educación (r=-0,283; p<0.000). Este puntaje tiene una correlación significativa con violencia psicológica (r=0.194; p<0.001) y física. Conclusiones Los resultados no son concluyentes puesto que no todos los mitos incluidos en esta investigación se relacionan directamente con procesos de naturalización de la violencia. No obstante, se constituye en un avance de conocimiento por las trazas de naturalización de la violencia encontradas respecto a los factores culturales, sociales y familiares que facilitan la reproducción de las relaciones asimétricas entre hombres y mujeres. Asimismo, el nivel de desacuerdo con los mitos se reconoce como factor protector.
ABSTRACT Objective To assess if social representations of couples' violence are related to its naturalization. Material and Methods Exploratory study through a questionnaire with the participation of 731 men and women in a valid marital union. Results 82% report having suffered violence from their partner. Of this group, 51% are recognized as a victim. The group that does not report having suffered violent episodes, shows a lower average score in the acceptance of the myths compared to the group that report having suffered violence, whether they are or not recognized as victims. By relating the degree of agreement of the myths with sociodemographic variables, a significant correlation is obtained with the level of education (r=-0.283, p<0.000). This score has a significant correlation with psychological (r=0.194; p<0.001) and physical violence. Conclusion The results are not conclusive because not all the myths included in this research are directly related to processes of naturalisation of violence. However, it constitutes an advance in knowledge due to the traces of naturalisation of violence found with respect to cultural, social and family factors that facilítate the reproduction of asymmetric relationships between men and women. Likewise, the level of disagreement with the myths is recognised as a protective factor.
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Objective:To investigate the current status of primiparas′ postpartum fatigue and paternal involvement, and to explore the relationship between primiparas′ postpartum fatigue and paternal involvement, and to provide reference basis for developing targeted intervention measures to alleviate postpartum fatigue of primiparas.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 347 primiparas from Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from September to December 2020 by convenience sampling. The survey instruments included the general information questionnaire, the Parenting Alliance Inventory (PAI), and the Postpartum Fatigue Scale (PFS).Results:The total score of PAI was (86.51 ± 12.07) points, and the level of paternal involvement was high. The total score of PFS was (16.68 ± 4.12) points. 95.97% (333/347) of primiparas had varying degrees of postpartum fatigue. There was a significant negative correlation between paternal involvement and primiparas′ postpartum fatigue ( r=-0.327, P<0.01). The results of multiple stratified regression analysis showed that paternal involvement was included in the influencing factor model of primiparas′ postpartum fatigue, which could independently explain 9.7% variation of primiparas′ postpartum fatigue. Conclusions:The higher level of paternal involvement could predict the lower level of primiparas′ postpartum fatigue. Medical staff should pay attention to the participation level of the spouses of primiparas in childcare, and improve the participation level of the spouses of primiparas in scientific ways to alleviate the postpartum fatigue of primiparas.
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This article reviewed the concept and theoretical models of dyadic coping, as well as the related factors of dyadic coping of pregnant women and their spouses, and introduced the application status of dyadic coping in pregnant women and their spouses. To provide a reference for constructing a dyadic coping intervention plan between pregnant women and their spouses based on the cultural background of China.
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Objective@#To evaluate the impact of loss of a spouse on self-rated health among middle-aged and elderly populations in China, so as to provide insights into health promotion among middle-aged and elderly populations with loss of a spouse. @*Methods@#Based the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database, married and separated individuals or individuals with loss of a spouse at ages of 45 years and older and with monthly household consumption of no less than 100 yuan were enrolled. Subjects' age, gender, educational levels, marital status, monthly household consumption, number of chronic diseases and self-rated health were collected. Subjects were classified according to loss of a spouse, and the impact of loss of a spouse on self-rated health was evaluated among middle-aged and elderly populations using propensity score matching (PSM). In addition, heterogeneity test was performed to evaluate the gender- and educational level-stratified impacts.@*Results@#Totally 3 272 valid subjects were enrolled, including 1 618 men (49.45%) and 1 654 women (50.55%), and there were 512 subjects with loss of a spouse (15.65%). There were 656 subjects with very good self-rated health (20.05%), 622 with good health (19.01%), 1 534 with fair health (46.88%), 376 with poor health (11.49%) and 84 with very poor health (2.57%). There were 3 152 couples with successful nearest neighbor matching, and there was no significant difference between the subjects with and without loss of a spouse after adjustment for variables (P>0.05), while the overall fitting degree of the model was good following matching. PSM showed that the self-rated health became poor following loss of a spouse among middle-aged and elderly populations, with average treatment effect (ATT) of 0.055 to 0.061, and a remarkably negative effect of loss of a spouse on self-rated health was seen in women, with ATT of 0.192 to 0.223, while no remarkable effect was seen in men. Loss of a spouse showed a remarkably negative effect on self-rated health among individuals receiving junior and senior high educations, with ATT of 0.048 to 0.057, but presented no remarkable effect on self-rated health among individuals receiving primary educations. @*Conclusions @#Loss of a spouse presents a negative effect on self-rated health among middle-aged and elderly populations, and remarkably negative effects are seen among women and individuals receiving high educational levels.
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Objective:To investigate the influencing factors of learned helplessness in patients with primary liver cancer treated by interventional therapy.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. The 221 patients with primary liver cancer treated by interventional therapy in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from August 2020 to October 2021 were selected as the subjects. General data statistics, Learned Helplessness Scale and Support in Intimate Relationships Rating Scale were used for questionnaire survey.Results:The total score of learned helplessness in the 221 patients with primary liver cancer treated by interventional therapy was 74.12 ± 6.55. Gender, education level, family per capita monthly income, number of interventions and perceived spouse support were the main influencing factors of learned helplessness in patients with primary liver cancer treated by interventional therapy (adjusted R2=0.891, F=65.65, P<0.05). Conclusions:The sense of learned helplessness of patients with primary liver cancer treated by interventional therapy is at a high level. According to patients with features of male, lower education level, lower family per capita monthly income, more number of interventional therapy or lower perceived spouse support, medical staff can use dialectical behavior therapy, symptom group intervention, spouse support intervention and other methods to reduce learned helplessness of patients.
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Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue adaptar y validar la Escala de Dependencia Específica del Cónyuge para Mujeres (EDEC-M) para su uso en el contexto brasileño, que consta de 30 ítems. En el estudio 1, participaron 347 mujeres. Se obtuvo una estructura de tres dimensiones: apego ansioso (α = .88), dependencia emocional (α = .80) y dependencia exclusiva (α = .72), con consistencia interna satisfactoria. En el segundo estudio, participaron 325 mujeres, se probaron tres modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados indicaron que el EDEC-M presentó mejores índices de ajuste en el modelo jerárquico de segundo orden: χ2 /df = 1.89; CFI = .95; TLI = .95; GFI = .95; RMSEA .05 y SRMR = 0.07. Este modelo fue apoyado por el Teoria de Respuesta al Item (TRI), que analizó una variación satisfactoria de la dificultad del ítem y permitió la construcción de un Mapa de ítems para la medición. Por lo tanto, el EDEC-M presentó propiedades psicométricas de validez de constructo para el contexto brasileño en mujeres.
Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa foi adaptar e validar Escala de Dependência Específica do Cônjuge para Mulheres (EDEC-M) para utilização no contexto brasileiro, composto por 30 itens. No Estudo 1, contou-se com 347 mulheres. Obteve-se uma estrutura tri-dimensional: apego ansioso (α = 0,88), dependência emocional (α = 0,80) e dependência exclusiva (α = 0,72), com consistências internas satisfatórias. No segundo estudo, participaram 325 mulheres, foram testados três modelos de equações estruturais. Os resultados indicaram que a EDEC-M apresentou melhores índices de ajuste no modelo hierárquico de segunda ordem: χ2 /df = 1,89; CFI = 0,95; TLI = 0,95; GFI = 0,95; RMSEA 0,05 e SRMR = 0,07. Esse modelo foi suportado pela Teoria de Resposta ao Item (TRI), que analisou uma variação satisfatória de dificuldade dos itens e possibilitou a construção de um Mapa de Itens para a medida. Logo, a EDEC-M apresentou propriedades psicométricas de validade de construto para o contexto brasileiro em mulheres.
Abstract The aim of this research was to adapt and validate the Spouse Specific Dependency Scale for Women (SSDS-W) for use in the Brazilian context, which consists of 30 items. In study 1, 347 women participated. It was obtained a three- dimensional structure: anxiety attachment (α = .88), emotional dependence (α = .80) and exclusive dependence (α = .72), with satisfactory internal consistencies. In the second study, 325 women participated, and three structural equation models were tested. The results indicated that the EDEC-M presented better index adjustment in the second-order hierarchical model: χ2 /df = 1.89; CFI = .95; TLI = .95; GFI = .95; RMSEA .05 and SRMR = .07. This model was supported by Item Response Theory (IRT), which analyzed a satisfactory variation of the item difficulty and allowed the construction of an Item Map for the measure. Therefore, the EDEC-M presented satisfactory psychometric properties evidence of construct validity for the Brazilian context in women.
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Resumo Introdução A violência contra a mulher consiste em um importante agravo de saúde pública, com elevada magnitude e impacto na saúde. Objetivo Verificar a associação entre a violência perpetrada por parceiro íntimo ao longo da vida e as características socioeconômicas e reprodutivas da mulher. Método Estudo transversal, realizado em 2014, em 26 unidades de saúde, no município de Vitória, Espírito Santo. Amostra com 991 mulheres, de faixa etária entre 20 e 59 anos, com parceiro íntimo nos 12 meses anteriores à entrevista. Os dados socioeconômicos, as características reprodutivas e os três tipos de violência contra a mulher (psicológica, sexual ou física) foram coletados. Na análise dos dados, foram empregados o teste qui-quadrado, com nível de significância de 5%, e a regressão de Poisson, para obter as razões de prevalência bruta e ajustada para fatores de confusão. Resultados O modelo final ajustado mostrou que a violência física, psicológica e sexual se associou à escolaridade, situação conjugal, recusa do parceiro a usar preservativo nas relações sexuais, número de parceiros sexuais no último ano e número de filhos. A primeira relação sexual forçada permaneceu associada à violência sexual, assim como a idade da coitarca com a violência física e psicológica. Conclusão Prevalências de violência contra a mulher estão associadas a fatores socioeconômicos e reprodutivos.
Abstract Background Violence against women is an important public health issue that has high magnitude and an impact on health. Objective To verify the association between intimate partner violence throughout life and women's socioeconomic and reproductive characteristics. Method Cross-sectional study carried out in 26 health units in the municipality of Vitória, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, in 2014. Sample composed of 991 women, aged 20-59 years, having an intimate partner in the 12 months prior to the interview. Data on socioeconomic and reproductive characteristics and the three types of violence against women (psychological, sexual, or physical) were collected. The chi-squared test at a 5% significance level was used to analyze the data, and the Poisson regression was applied to obtain the crude and adjusted prevalence ratios for the confounding factors. Results The adjusted final model showed that physical, psychological and sexual violence was associated with education level, marital status, partner's refusal to use a condom during sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners in the past year, and number of children (p<0.05). The first forced sexual intercourse remained associated with sexual violence and age at first sexual intercourse was associated with physical and psychological violence. Conclusion Prevalence of violence against women is associated with socioeconomic and reproductive factors.
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Background: The novel virus, COVID-19, has proven to be a stressor on many levels due to factors like health, economic disruptions, lockdown, and stay-at-home orders. However, one of the significant stressors has been on relationships, primarily the intimate ones, like between spouses. To investigate the correlation between psychological distress and quality of spouse interpersonal relationships. Methodology: The mixed research design (i.e., qualitative and quantitative methods) was employed on 119 participants between 22-62 years of age, followed by a semi-structural interview of 12 participants, all through virtual snowball mode due to the COVID-19 scenario. Socio-demographic profile, psychological distress scale, and the quality of spouse interpersonal relationships scale and a semi-structural interview schedule were used for data collection. Results: The present study shows that psychological distress is negatively correlated with certain aspects like conflict, criticism, resentment, pressure, dominance, relative power, and exclusion of the quality of spouse interpersonal relationships. On the other hand, a positive correlation was observed with affection, emotional support, reliable alliance, satisfaction, companionship, and approval aspects of the quality of spouse interpersonal relationships. Qualitative results shows that argument with each other, disagreement, point out faults, pressurization for intimation, and violence with partner are some of the most prominent negative effects in their present life while developed understanding to each other, sense of trust, feel good, received love and affection, care for each other, emotional support, help in other household errands, and take care of children and parents are some of the positive aspects seen instead of the psychological distress perceived during this pandemic. Conclusions: COVID-19 has had considerable effects on spousal interpersonal relationships and needs further study
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Abstract Introduction Compared to other types of caregiver, spouse-caregivers tend to be closer to people with Alzheimer's disease (PwAD) because of their different position in the relationship. We designed this study to compare the differences in caregivers' quality of life (QoL) and domains of QoL according to the kinship relationship between the members of caregiving dyads. Methods We assessed QoL of 98 PwAD and their family caregivers (spouse-caregivers, n = 49; adult children, n = 43; and others, n = 6). The PwAD and their caregivers completed questionnaires about their QoL, awareness of disease, cognition, severity of dementia, depression, and burden of caring. Results The comparison between caregiver types showed that spouse-caregivers were older, with higher levels of burden and lower scores for cognition. Caregivers' total QoL scores were not significantly different according to type of kinship. However, there were significant differences in the domains physical health (p = 0.04, Cohen's d [d] = -0.42), marriage (p = 0.01, d = 1.31), and friends (p = 0.04, d = -0.41), and life as a whole showed a trend to difference (p = 0.08, d = -0.33). When QoL domains were analyzed within dyads, there were significant differences between members of spouse dyads in the domains energy (p = 0.01, d = -0.49), ability to do things for fun (p = 0.01, d = -0.48), and memory (p = 0.000, d = -1.07). For non-spouse dyads, there were significant differences between caregivers and PwAD for the QoL domains memory (p = 0.004, d = -0.63), marriage (p = 0.001, d = -0.72), friends (p = 0.001, d = -0.65), and ability to do chores (p = 0.000, d = -0.76). Conclusions Differences were only detected between spouse/non-spouse-caregivers when QoL was analyzed by domains. We speculate that spouse and non-spouse caregivers have distinct assessments and perceptions of what is important to their QoL.
Sujet(s)
Humains , Enfant , Adulte , Aidants , Maladie d'Alzheimer , Qualité de vie , Activités de la vie quotidienne , Enquêtes et questionnaires , ConjointsRÉSUMÉ
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of incentive spouse collaborative psychological intervention on delivery outcomes of primipara. MethodsFrom July 2019 to July 2020， 300 primiparas with an uneventful pregnancy were recruited and divided into the control group and the intervention group， with 150 cases in each group. The control group was managed by routine nursing care， and the intervention group was managed by incentive spouse collaborative psychological intervention. The delivery outcomes in two groups， including delivery route， postpartum blood loss， and perineal laceration were compared. ResultsAfter intervention， the cesarean section rate， the 2-hour postpartum blood loss and perineal laceration in the intervention group were less common than those in the control group and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The first， second and total stages of labor duration in the intervention group were shorter than those in the control group and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of neonatal asphyxia between these two groups （P>0.05）. In terms of vaginal delivery experience scores of the two groups， the intervention group was better than the control group and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. ConclusionThe mode of incentive spouse collaborative psychological intervention can reduce the rate of cesarean section， the amount of bleeding 2 hours after delivery， and perineum injury. It can shorten the labor process， and effectively improve the delivery outcome of primiparas.