Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Montrer: 20 | 50 | 100
Résultats 1 - 20 de 419
Filtre
1.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 39(2): 1-11, abr.jun.2024. ilus
Article Dans Anglais, Portugais | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1556492

Résumé

Introdução: A síntese de feridas de pele tensionadas é uma área que tem sido alvo de estudos para o desenvolvimento de técnicas de sutura que sejam capazes de realizar o fechamento primário dessas feridas com alívio de tensão, garantindo uma cicatrização adequada e evitando complicações como deiscência, edema, sangramento e infecção. Método: Esta pesquisa tratou-se de um estudo piloto, sendo a primeira apresentação da técnica de Sutura em Polia Retificada para síntese de feridas de pele tensionadas através do acompanhamento prospectivo, duplo-cego, de uma série de casos de 8 pacientes randomicamente admitidos no centro cirúrgico de um hospital de alta complexidade de uma cidade de médio porte. Resultados: A Sutura em Polia Retificada é uma técnica versátil e apta para lidar com feridas de pele tensionadas, uma vez que no intraoperatório conseguiu fechar por primeira intenção lesões de até 6,5 centímetros e de diferentes regiões tensionadas sem necessidade do uso de técnicas mais complexas, como retalhos, enxertos, zetaplastia e fechamento por segunda intenção. Além disso, no pós-operatório, houve redução dos escores da POSAS, indicando um processo de cicatrização satisfatório tanto para os observadores quanto para o paciente. É imprescindível mencionar, também, que o desfecho mais temido no seguimento dos pacientes com feridas tensionadas submetidos a fechamento primário - a deiscência - foi completamente evitado. Conclusão: A técnica é simples, confiável, segura e reprodutível, com curta curva de aprendizagem, de forma que a Sutura em Polia Retificada pode ser considerada como uma nova ferramenta a ser integrada ao arsenal cirúrgico.


Introduction: The synthesis of tensioned skin wounds is an area that has been the subject of studies for the development of suturing techniques that are capable of performing the primary closure of these wounds with tension relief, ensuring adequate healing, and avoiding complications such as dehiscence, edema, bleeding, and infection. Method: This research was a pilot study, being the first presentation of the Rectified Pulley Suture technique for the synthesis of tensioned skin wounds through prospective, double-blind monitoring of a series of cases of 8 patients randomly admitted to the surgical center of a high-complexity hospital in a mediumsized city. Results: Rectified Pulley Suture is a versatile technique suitable for dealing with tensioned skin wounds, since intraoperatively it was able to close, by first intention, lesions measuring up to 6.5 centimeters and in different tensioned regions without the need for the use of more extensive techniques. complex, such as flaps, grafts, Z-plasty, and secondary intention closure. Furthermore, post-operatively, there was a reduction in POSAS scores, indicating a satisfactory healing process for both observers and the patient. It is also essential to mention that the most feared outcome in the follow-up of patients with tension wounds undergoing primary closure - dehiscence - was completely avoided. Conclusion: The technique is simple, reliable, safe, and reproducible, with a short learning curve, so the Rectified Pulley Suture can be considered a new tool to be integrated into the surgical arsenal.

2.
Pediatr. (Asunción) ; 51(1)abr. 2024.
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1558633

Résumé

Introducción: Las infecciones de sitio quirúrgico están asociadas con infecciones relacionadas a la asistencia sanitaria (IRAS), causadas por bacterias que ingresan a través de las incisiones efectuadas durante un procedimiento quirúrgico. Objetivo: Describir la frecuencia y características de las infecciones de sitio quirúrgico en las cirugías de urgencias en pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados en el Hospital General Pediátrico. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal. Población: Pacientes de 0 a 18 años sometidos a intervención quirúrgica abdominal de urgencia. Variables estudiadas: Edad, Sexo, Procedencia, Comorbilidad, reingreso hospitalario, tiempo trascurrido entre la intervención quirúrgica y la aparición de la infección en sitio quirúrgico. Datos obtenidos del análisis de fichas clínicas y la base de datos del HIS en el paquete estadístico SPSv23 (IBM SPSS, DEMO) utilizando estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Fueron incluidas 440 fichas de pacientes, la mediana de edad fue de 10 años, el 60,5% fueron del sexo masculino y el 71,4% procedían del Departamento Central. Se observó que el diagnóstico más frecuente fue peritonitis de origen apendicular 53,2%. El estado nutricional de la población en estudio fue normal en 93,2%, y fueron reingresos el 3% de los pacientes intervenidos. Presentaron infección de sitio quirúrgico el 4,8%, de los cuales 11/21 fueron absceso de pared. En cuanto al tiempo trascurrido entre la cirugía y la aparición de la infección la mediana fue de 14 días. Conclusión: La frecuencia de infección del sitio quirúrgico encontrada en este estudio fue del 4,8%. La patología quirúrgica con mayor porcentaje fue la peritonitis y el tipo de infección absceso de pared. La mayoría de los pacientes eran escolares con buen estado nutricional.


Introduction: Surgical-site infections are associated with healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), caused by bacteria that enter through the incisions made during a surgical procedure. Objective: To describe the frequency and characteristics of surgical site infections in emergency surgeries in pediatric patients hospitalized at a Pediatric General Hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional observational study. Population: Patients aged 0 to 18 years undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. Variables studied: Age, Sex, Origin, Comorbidity, hospital readmission, time elapsed between the surgical intervention and the appearance of the surgical site infection. Data obtained from the analysis of clinical records and the electronic health record database in the SPSv23 statistical package (IBM SPSS, DEMO) using descriptive statistics. Results: 440 patient records were included, the median age was 10 years, 60.5% were male and 71.4% came from the Central Department. It was observed that the most frequent diagnosis was peritonitis of appendiceal origin 53.2%. The nutritional status of the study population was normal in 93.2%, and 3% of the operated patients were readmitted. 4.8% had surgical site infection, of which 11/21 were wall abscesses. Regarding the time elapsed between surgery and the appearance of the infection, the median was 14 days. Conclusion: The frequency of surgical-site infection found in this study was 4.8%. The surgical pathology with the highest percentage was peritonitis and the wall abscess type of infection. Most of the patients were schoolchildren with good nutritional status.

3.
Online braz. j. nurs. (Online) ; 23: e20246673, 02 jan 2024. ilus
Article Dans Anglais, Portugais | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1527197

Résumé

OBJETIVO: mapear evidências científicas sobre a prevenção e o manejo precoce de infecção de sítio cirúrgico por telemonitoramento em pacientes cirúrgicos após alta hospitalar. MÉTODO: revisão de escopo desenvolvida conforme proposto pelo Instituto Joanna Briggs (JBI). Foi realizada a pesquisa nas bases de dados PubMed, Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Cochrane Collaboration, Scopus, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Web of Science e Embase. Os estudos foram adicionados ao gerenciador Endnote Basic e Rayyan por três pesquisadores independentes. RESULTADOS: foram identificados 1.386 estudos e incluídos 31, os quais apresentaram relevância em relação a sinais de alerta precoce e tardio da infecção de sítio cirúrgico, complicações, fatores de risco, prevenção e utilização do telemonitoramento. CONCLUSÃO: observou-se que, embora os estudos abordem a infecção de sítio cirúrgico e o telemonitoramento, faz-se necessário a formulação dos instrumentos utilizados nas consultas telefônicas, contemplando com maior especificidade os critérios indispensáveis a serem abordados.


OBJECTIVE: This study aims to map scientific evidence regarding the prevention and early management of surgical site infection through telemonitoring in surgical patients after discharge from the hospital. METHOD: A scoping review was conducted following the guidelines proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The search was performed across PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Cochrane Collaboration, Scopus, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase databases. Three independent researchers collect the identified studies using Endnote Basic and Rayyan. RESULTS: A total of 1,386 studies were identified, of which 31 were included in the analysis. These selected studies demonstrated significance regarding early and late warning signs of surgical site infection, complications, risk factors, prevention strategies, and the utilization of telemonitoring. CONCLUSION: While the studies address surgical site infection and telemonitoring, it is imperative to formulate the instruments employed in telephonic consultations, incorporating a more specific consideration of essential criteria to be addressed.


Sujets)
Sortie du patient , Soins postopératoires , Infection de plaie opératoire/prévention et contrôle , Infection de plaie opératoire/thérapie , Télémonitoring , Soins infirmiers
4.
Acta cir. bras ; 39: e392124, 2024. tab, graf
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1556661

Résumé

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the effects of curcumin supplementation on abdominal surgical wound healing in rats using clinical, histological, and hematological parameters. Methods: Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: the curcumin group, and the control group. The curcumin group received, in addition to water and standard feed, curcumin via gavage at the dose of 200 mg/kg for seven days preceding and seven days following surgery. The control group received only water and standard feed. Both groups underwent median laparotomy and left colotomy. On the eighth postoperative day, the groups were euthanized, and the left colon was resected for histological analysis. Results: In the preoperative evaluation, there was a significant decrease in the mean C-reactive protein levels in the curcumin group (0.06) compared to the control group (0.112) (p = 0.0001). In the postoperative wound healing assessment, a significant decrease was observed in inflammatory infiltrate (p = 0.0006) and blood vessel count (p = 0.0002) in the curcumin group compared to the control group. Conclusions: Curcumin supplementation was able to significantly reduce inflammatory parameters in both pre-and post-operative phases of abdominal surgical wounds in rats.

5.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 28(1): 129-133, 2024. tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1558005

Résumé

Abstract Introduction Multiple solutions are currently used to cleanse a deep neck infection (DNI), and a variety of devices are available to deliver wound irrigation solutions. An essential difference between these devices is the pressure that the irrigation solution exerts over the wound tissue. Objective To compare low-pressure and high-pressure irrigation delivery systems for wound cleansing in DNI. Methods we designed a retrospective cohort study and reviewed the medical records of patients operated on due to DNI from June 2016 to December 2017 at our institution. One cohort included patients treated with an intraoperative irrigation method that exerts low pressure over the irrigated tissue, and the other cohort, to a system capable of generating higher pressure. The Pearson Chi-squared test was used to analyze the data. Results A total of 42 patients whose ages ranged from 16 months to 72 years were included. The low-pressure irrigation system was used in 18 patients, and the high-pressure system was used in 24 patients. No statistical differences were observed regarding the irrigation methods, the complexity of the DNI, and the overall outcomes. Conclusions The present is the first study in which low- and high-pressure systems for wound lavage were evaluated in the treatment of DNI. When comparing these methods, we did not find one to be superior to the other; however, the additional cost associated with the high-pressure devices may not justify their in head and neck procedures.

6.
Texto & contexto enferm ; 33: e20230198, 2024. tab, graf
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1560589

Résumé

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and validate serious game for teaching-learning regarding surgical site infection prevention. Method: This is a methodological study conducted in stages: game content development and validity based on virtual simulation (preparation, participation and debriefing) and challenges; game development, following the concept, pre-production, prototype, production and post-production stages; and usability validity, using an instrument called Heuristic Evaluation for Digital Educational Games. To assess the game content and usability, 12 nurses and 08 experts in digital games were involved. Results: The serious game script contained three sequential pre-, intra- and post-operative periods, focusing on nursing interventions aimed at preventing surgical site infections. A Content Validity Coefficient above 0.80 was obtained for game content. Regarding gameplay assessment using the assessed heuristics, all statements present in game script were considered adequate, and adjustments were implemented regarding feedback, access to the theoretical framework on preventing surgical site infections, the inclusion of images in the study material and directing players to the debriefing session. Conclusion: The serious game developed was considered valid and a potential pedagogical tool in nursing for learning how to prevent surgical site infections.


RESUMEN Objetivo: desarrollar y validar el serious game para la enseñanza-aprendizaje sobre la prevención de infecciones del sitio quirúrgico. Método: estudio metodológico realizado por etapas: desarrollo y validación del contenido del juego, basado en simulación virtual (preparación, participación y debriefing) y desafíos; desarrollo de juegos, siguiendo las etapas de concepto, preproducción, prototipo, producción y postproducción; y validación de usabilidad mediante el instrumento Heuristic Evaluation for Digital Educational Games. Para evaluar el contenido y usabilidad del juego participaron 12 enfermeros y 08 expertos en juegos digitales. Resultados: el guión del serious game contenía tres períodos pre, intra y postoperatorios secuenciales, centrándose en intervenciones de enfermería destinadas a prevenir infecciones del sitio quirúrgico. Se obtuvo un Coeficiente de Validez de Contenido superior a 0,80 para el contenido del juego. En cuanto a la evaluación de la jugabilidad mediante las heurísticas evaluadas, todas las afirmaciones presentes en el guión del juego fueron consideradas adecuadas y se implementaron ajustes en cuanto a retroalimentación, acceso al marco teórico sobre prevención de infecciones del sitio quirúrgico, inclusión de imágenes en el material de estudio y orientación del jugador en la sesión de debriefing. Conclusión: el serious game desarrollado se consideró válido y potencial herramienta pedagógica en el área de enfermería para aprender a prevenir infecciones del sitio quirúrgico.


RESUMO Objetivo: desenvolver e validar serious game para o ensino-aprendizagem referente à prevenção de infecção de sítio cirúrgico. Método: estudo metodológico conduzido por etapas: desenvolvimento e validação do conteúdo do jogo, baseados na simulação virtual (preparação, participação e debriefing) e desafios; desenvolvimento do jogo, seguindo as etapas de conceito, pré-produção, protótipo, produção e pós-produção; e, validação da usabilidade, por meio do instrumento Heuristic Evaluation for Digital Educational Games. Para avaliação do conteúdo e usabilidade do jogo, contou-se com 12 enfermeiros e 08 especialistas em jogos digitais. Resultados: o script do serious game conteve três períodos sequenciais pré, intra e pós-operatório, com enfoque em intervenções de enfermagem voltadas para prevenção de infecção de sítio cirúrgico. Obteve-se um Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo acima de 0,80 para o conteúdo do jogo. Referente à avaliação da jogabilidade pelas heurísticas avaliadas, todas as afirmativas presentes no script do jogo foram consideradas adequadas e houve a implementação de ajustes no que se refere ao feedback, ao acesso ao referencial teórico sobre prevenção de infecção de sítio cirúrgico, à inclusão de imagens no material de estudo e ao direcionamento do jogador à sessão de debriefing. Conclusão: o serious game desenvolvido foi considerado válido e potencial ferramenta pedagógica na área de enfermagem para aprendizagem da prevenção de infecção de sítio cirúrgico.

7.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 23: e242836, 2024. ilus
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1553439

Résumé

Aim: To investigate the bacteriological profile of oral and maxillofacial infections and the pattern of sensitivity to a specific group of antibiotics in a reference emergency hospital in Brazil. Methods: This is a prospective cohort institutional study that studied patients affected by oral and/ or maxillofacial infections in a Brazilian emergency hospital, over a 12-month period, of different etiologies, through data collection, culture and antibiogram tests, and monitoring of the process of resolution of the infectious condition. The variables were analyzed using the chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests, using a significance level of 5%. Results: The sample consisted of 61 patients, 62.3% male. The mean age of participants was 34.3 years. Odontogenic infection was the most frequent etiology and the submandibular space was the most affected. The bacterial species Streptococcus viridans was isolated in 21.6% of cases. Levofloxacin, vancomycin and penicillin were the antibiotics with the highest frequency of bacterial sensitivity, while clindamycin and erythromycin showed the highest percentages of resistance. Conclusions: The results suggest that, among the most used antibiotics for the treatment of these infections, penicillin remains an excellent option of choice for empirical therapy


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Adolescent , Adulte , Adulte d'âge moyen , Infection de plaie opératoire , Bactéries/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Résistance microbienne aux médicaments , Foyer infectieux dentaire , Antibactériens
9.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 120(12): e20220592, dez. 2023. tab, graf
Article Dans Portugais | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1527791

Résumé

Resumo Fundamento A infecção do sítio cirúrgico (ISC) é uma importante complicação no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca pediátrica associada ao aumento da morbimortalidade. Objetivos Identificar fatores de risco para a ISC após cirurgias cardíacas para correção de malformações congênitas. Métodos Este estudo caso-controle incluiu 189 pacientes com um ano completo e 19 anos e 11 meses, submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca em hospital universitário terciário de cardiologia de janeiro de 2011 a dezembro de 2018. Foi realizado registro e análise de dados pré, intra e pós-operatórios. Para cada caso foram selecionados dois controles, conforme o diagnóstico da cardiopatia e cirurgia realizada em um intervalo de até 30 dias para minimizar diferenças pré e/ou intraoperatórias. Para a análise dos fatores de risco foi utilizado o modelo de regressão binária logística. Significância estatística definida como valor de p<0,05. Resultados O estudo incluiu 66 casos e 123 controles. A incidência de ISC variou de 2% a 3,8%. Fatores de risco identificados: faixa etária de lactentes (OR 3,19, IC 95% 1,26 - 8,66, p=0,014), síndrome genética (OR 6,20, IC 95% 1,70 - 21,65, p=0,004), RACHS-1 categorias 3 e 4 (OR 8,40, IC 95% 3,30 - 21,34, p<0,001), o valor da proteína C reativa (PCR) de 48 horas pós-operatórias foi demonstrado como fator protetor para esta infecção (OR 0,85, IC 95% 0,73 - 0,98, p=0,023). Conclusão Os fatores de risco identificados não são variáveis modificáveis. Vigilância e medidas preventivas contínuas são fundamentais para reduzir a infecção. O papel do PCR elevado no pós-operatório foi fator protetor e precisa ser melhor estudado.


Abstract Background Surgical site infection is an important complication after pediatric cardiac surgery, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Objectives We sought to identify risk factors for surgical site infection after pediatric cardiac surgeries. Methods A case-control study included patients aged between 1 year and 19 years and 11 months of age, submitted to cardiac surgery performed at a tertiary cardiac center from January 1 st , 2011, through December 31, 2018. Charts were reviewed for pre-, intra, and postoperative variables. We identified two randomly selected control patients with the same pathophysiological diagnosis and underwent surgery within thirty days of each index case. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. Results Sixty-six cases and 123 controls were included. Surgical site infection incidence ranged from 2% to 3.8%. The following risk factors were identified: Infant age (OR 3.19, 95% CI 1.26 to 8.66, p=0.014), presence of genetic syndrome (OR 6.20, CI 95% 1.70 to 21.65, p=0.004), categories 3 and 4 of RACHS-1 (OR 8.40, CI 95% 3.30 to 21.34, p<0.001), 48 h C-reactive protein level range was detected as a protective factor for this infection (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.73 to 0.98, p=0.023). Conclusions The risk factors defined in this study could not be modified. Therefore, additional surveillance and new preventive strategies need to be implemented to reduce the incidence of surgical site infection. The increased CRP in the postoperative period was a protective factor that needs further understanding.

10.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 31: e3798, Jan.-Dec. 2023. tab, graf
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1424048

Résumé

Abstract Objective: to evaluate evidence on risk factors for the development of surgical site infection in bariatric surgery. Method: integrative review. The search for primary studies was performed in four databases. The sample consisted of 11 surveys. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using tools proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data analysis and synthesis were performed in a descriptive manner. Results: surgical site infection rates ranged from 0.4% to 7.6%, considering the results of primary studies, in which patients underwent laparoscopic surgery. In surveys of participants undergoing surgical procedures with different approaches (open, laparoscopic or robotic), infection rates ranged from 0.9% to 12%. Regarding the risk factors for the development of this type of infection, antibiotic prophylaxis, female sex, high Body Mass Index and perioperative hyperglycemia are highlighted. Conclusion: conducting the integrative review generated a body of evidence that reinforces the importance of implementing effective measures for the prevention and control of surgical site infection, by health professionals, after bariatric surgery, promoting improved care and patient safety in the perioperative period.


Resumo Objetivo: avaliar as evidências sobre os fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de infecção de sítio cirúrgico em cirurgia bariátrica. Método: revisão integrativa. A busca dos estudos primários foi realizada em quatro bases de dados. A amostra foi composta por 11 pesquisas. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos incluídos foi avaliada por meio de ferramentas propostas pelo Joanna Briggs Institute. A análise e a síntese dos dados foram realizadas de maneira descritiva. Resultados: as taxas de infecção de sítio cirúrgico variaram de 0,4% até 7,6%, considerando os resultados dos estudos primários, cujos pacientes foram submetidos à cirurgia por via laparoscópica. Nas pesquisas com os participantes submetidos aos procedimentos cirúrgicos com diferentes abordagens (aberta, via laparoscópica ou robótica), as taxas de infecção variaram de 0,9% até 12%. Com relação aos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento deste tipo de infecção, ressaltam-se antibioticoprofilaxia, sexo feminino, Índice de Massa Corporal elevado e hiperglicemia perioperatória. Conclusão: a condução da revisão gerou corpo de evidências que reforça a importância na implementação de medidas efetivas para prevenção e controle de infecção de sítio cirúrgico pelos profissionais de saúde após cirurgia bariátrica, promovendo a melhoria da assistência e da segurança do paciente no perioperatório.


Resumen Objetivo: evaluar las evidencias sobre los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de infección de sitio quirúrgico en cirugía bariátrica. Método: revisión integradora. La búsqueda de estudios primarios se realizó en cuatro bases de datos. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 11 investigaciones. La calidad metodológica de los estudios incluidos se evaluó mediante herramientas propuestas por el Joanna Briggs Institute. El análisis y la síntesis de los datos se realizaron de manera descriptiva. Resultados: las tasas de infección del sitio quirúrgico oscilaron entre 0,4% y 7,6%, considerando los resultados de los estudios primarios, en los que los pacientes fueron sometidos a cirugía mediante laparoscopia. En investigaciones con participantes que se sometieron a procedimientos quirúrgicos con diferentes enfoques (abierto, laparoscópico o robótico), las tasas de infección oscilaron entre el 0,9 % y el 12 %. En cuanto a los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de este tipo de infección, se destacan la profilaxis antibiótica, el sexo femenino, el Índice de Masa Corporal elevado y la hiperglucemia perioperatoria. Conclusión: la realización de la revisión generó un cuerpo de evidencia que refuerza la importancia de implementar medidas efectivas para la prevención y el control de la infección de sitio quirúrgico, por parte de los profesionales de la salud, después de la cirugía bariátrica, promoviendo la mejora de la atención y la seguridad del paciente en el período perioperatorio.


Sujets)
Infection de plaie opératoire/prévention et contrôle , Prévention des infections , Antibioprophylaxie , Chirurgie bariatrique , Période périopératoire
11.
Vive (El Alto) ; 6(17): 464-481, ago. 2023.
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1515632

Résumé

Los tratamientos periodontales implican cortes y sangrado de la mucosa gingival; la Morinda citrifolia, específicamente sobre los fragmentos encargados de la cicatrización (plaquetas), tiene un efecto más significativo en los procesos curativos de las lesiones. Objetivo. Identificar el potencial cicatrizante de los extractos hidroalcohólicos de Morinda citrifolia (noni peruano) en los procesos regenerativos de las incisiones periodontales al 70% a diversas concentraciones (1%; 5; y 10%) y su efecto coadyuvante acelerador en la vía oral como curación de tejidos. Materiales y Métodos. Se realizó una investigación aplicada, bajo el diseño experimental. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un estudio previo para el análisis farmacognóstico, porcentaje de humedad, pruebas de solubilidad y el análisis fitoquímico cualitativo para garantizar que el análisis farmacológico y la prueba experimental se completaran adecuadamente. Se administraron dosis a cinco ratas albinas macho Holtzman divididas en cuatro grupos a los cuales se les aplicó las concentraciones en cantidades de 0,5 ml dos veces al día en la incisión, la cual se evaluó durante siete días para obtener parámetros específicos, como infección, tono de piel gingival, cierre de heridas, reducción del tamaño de la incisión y porcentaje de curación. Resultados. Indicaron que todos los grupos que se le suministró el extracto hidroalcohólico al 70% en varias concentraciones mejoró su actividad curativa al reducir el tamaño de la incisión en la encía al séptimo día, donde resultó que la mejor concentración fue del 5% en comparación con las otras concentraciones (1% y 10%). Investigación que indica la eficacia de la Morinda citrifolia peruana como acelerador del proceso de curación en la terapia periodontal.


Periodontal treatments involve cuts and bleeding of the gingival mucosa; Morinda citrifolia, specifically on the fragments in charge of healing (platelets), has a more significant effect on the healing processes of the lesions. Objective. To identify the healing potential of hydroalcoholic extracts of Morinda citrifolia (Peruvian noni) in the regenerative processes of periodontal incisions at 70% at various concentrations (1%; 5; and 10%) and its accelerating coadjuvant effect in the oral route as tissue healing. Materials and Methods. An applied research was carried out under an experimental design. For this purpose, a previous study was carried out for pharmacognostic analysis, moisture percentage, solubility tests and qualitative phytochemical analysis to ensure that the pharmacological analysis and experimental test were properly completed. Doses were administered to five male Holtzman albino rats divided into four groups to which the concentrations were applied in 0.5 ml amounts twice daily to the incision, which was evaluated for seven days for specific parameters, such as infection, gingival skin tone, wound closure, incision size reduction and percentage healing. Results. They indicated that all groups that were given the 70% hydroalcoholic extract in various concentrations improved their healing activity by reducing the size of the gingival incision on the seventh day, where it turned out that the best concentration was 5% compared to the other concentrations (1% and 10%). Conclusion. Research indicating the efficacy of Peruvian Morinda citrifolia as an accelerator of the healing process in periodontal therapy.


Os tratamentos periodontais envolvem corte e sangramento da mucosa gengival; a Morinda citrifolia, especificamente sobre os fragmentos responsáveis pela cicatrização (plaquetas), tem um efeito mais significativo nos processos de cicatrização das lesões. Objetivo. Identificar o potencial cicatrizante de extratos hidroalcoólicos de Morinda citrifolia (noni peruano) nos processos regenerativos de incisões periodontais a 70% em diversas concentrações (1%; 5; e 10%) e seu efeito coadjuvante acelerador na via oral como cicatrizante tecidual. Materiais e métodos. Foi realizada uma pesquisa aplicada sob um desenho experimental. Para esse fim, foi realizado um pré-estudo para análise farmacognóstica, porcentagem de umidade, testes de solubilidade e análise fitoquímica qualitativa para garantir que a análise farmacológica e o teste experimental fossem adequadamente concluídos. Cinco ratos albinos Holtzman machos divididos em quatro grupos foram dosados e as concentrações foram aplicadas em quantidades de 0,5 ml duas vezes ao dia na incisão, que foi avaliada por sete dias quanto a parâmetros específicos, como infecção, tônus gengivais da pele, fechamento da ferida, redução do tamanho da incisão e porcentagem de cicatrização. Resultados. Eles indicaram que todos os grupos que receberam extrato hidroalcoólico a 70% em várias concentrações melhoraram sua atividade de cicatrização ao reduzir o tamanho da incisão gengival no sétimo dia, sendo que a melhor concentração foi de 5% em comparação com as outras concentrações (1% e 10%). Conclusão. A pesquisa indica a eficácia da Morinda citrifolia peruana como um acelerador do processo de cicatrização na terapia periodontal.

12.
Rev. Fac. Med. Hum ; 23(3)jul. 2023.
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535191

Résumé

Introducción: La infección de la herida quirúrgica en apendicitis aguda complicada es frecuente. Objetivo: El objetivo fue comparar la solución Dakin y la Superoxidativa para prevenir infecciones de herida quirúrgica en pacientes con apendicitis aguda complicada. Métodos: Estudio comparativo, transversal, en 104 pacientes con apendicitis aguda complicada (Edad media: 36.29 años, 69(66.43%) hombres). Grupo-1: 52 pacientes, con lavado de herida quirúrgica con solución Dakin modificada. Grupo-2: 52 pacientes con solución superoxidativa (Microdacyn®). Se administró ceftriaxona 1 gr antes de la cirugía, se realizó apendicectomía convencional y cierre de pared con Vicryl-1 y Nylon-2/0. Se evaluó herida quirúrgica 7 días después de la operación, registrando presencia de pus, edema, eritema y calor local. Se utilizaron X2 y t de Student. Resultados: Se presentó infección de herida quirúrgica en 11(10.6%) pacientes; 3(5.8%) pacientes del Grupo-1 y 8(15.4%) del Grupo-2 (p=0.1). Conclusión: Ambas soluciones son útiles para prevenir infecciones de herida quirúrgica en pacientes con apendicitis aguda complicada.


Introduction: The infection of the surgical wound in a complicated acute appendicitis is common. Objective: The objective was to compare Dakin and Superoxidative solutions in preventing surgical wound infections in patients with complicated acute appendicitis. Methods: Comparative, cross-sectional study of 104 patients with complicated acute appendicitis (Average age: 36.29 years, 69 (66.43%) men). Group-1: 52 patients, with surgical wound wash using modified Dakin's solution. Group-2: 52 patients with superoxidative solution (Microdacyn®). Ceftriaxone 1 gr was administered before surgery, conventional appendectomy was performed, and the wall was closed with Vicryl-1 and Nylon-2/0. The surgical wound was evaluated 7 days after the operation, noting the presence of pus, edema, erythema, and local heat. Chi-squared (X2) and Student's t-tests were used. Results: Surgical wound infection occurred in 11 (10.6%) patients; 3 (5.8%) patients from Group-1 and 8 (15.4%) from Group-2 (p=0.1). Conclusion: Both solutions are useful in preventing surgical wound infections in patients with complicated acute appendicitis.

13.
Horiz. sanitario (en linea) ; 22(1): 125-130, Jan.-Apr. 2023. tab
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528696

Résumé

Resumen: Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de infecciones en la herida quirúrgica en cesáreas programadas del HRAEV. Materiales y método: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, observacional tipo corte transversal para determinar la prevalencia de IHQ en pacientes llevadas a cesárea programada con profilaxis antibiótica en HRAEV. Resultados: Se evaluaron 185 expedientes de pacientes sometidas a cesárea programada, con edad entre 28 a 37 años (48.1%) con un peso promedio 81 kg (DE=10.1) con un índice de masa corporal (IMC) promedio de 30 (DE=4.24) es decir un IMC entre 25.76 a 34.24. De ellas, 4 pacientes (2.16%) presentaron infección de herida quirúrgica durante cesárea programada, las cuales recibieron ceftriaxona como PA mayor a 120 minutos previo a la incisión de la piel, estos pacientes se clasifican como ASA II y tenían un IMC superior a 30 kg/m2 y sin comorbilidades registradas. El tiempo de profilaxis antibiótica más frecuente en las pacientes llevadas a cesárea programada fue >120 minutos (34.08%) y se administró ceftriaxona en el 84.86% de la población que en su mayoría es ASA II (97.83%). El 100% de las heridas fueron superficiales. Conclusiones: En el presente estudio se encontró que la prevalencia de IHQ en cesáreas programadas en HRAEV fue de 2.16%, cifra que se encuentra por debajo de la prevalencia a nivel mundial, dado a que las pacientes seleccionadas no contaban con algunos de los factores de riesgo añadidos que aumentaran el riesgo de IHQ en comparación con otros estudios.


Abstract: Objective: To determine the prevalence of surgical wound infections in scheduled HRAEV cesarean sections. Materials and method: Retrospective, descriptive, observational cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of IHC in patients undergoing scheduled cesarean section with antibiotic prophylaxis in HRAEV. Results: 185 records of patients undergoing scheduled cesarean section were evaluated, aged between 28 to 37 years (48.1%) with an average weight of 81 kg (SD = 10.1) with an average body mass index (BMI) of 30 (SD = 4.24) that is, a BMI between 25.76 and 34.24. Of these, 4 patients (2.16%) presented surgical wound infection during scheduled cesarean section, who received ceftriaxone as PA greater than 120 minutes prior to skin incision, these patients are classified as ASA II and had a BMI greater than 30 kg/m2 and without recorded comorbidities. The most frequent antibiotic prophylaxis time in patients undergoing scheduled cesarean section was >120 minutes (34.08%) and ceftriaxone was administered in 84.86% of the population, which is mostly ASA II (97.83%). 100% of the wounds were superficial. Conclusions: In the present study, it was found that the prevalence of IHC in cesarean sections scheduled in HRAEV was 2.16%, a figure that is below the worldwide prevalence, given that the selected patients did not have some of the risk factors. added risk that increased the risk of SSI compared to other studies.

14.
Rev. gastroenterol. Perú ; 43(2)abr. 2023.
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1450016

Résumé

Las fístulas y dehiscencias anastomóticas postoperatorias gastrointestinales se presentan de forma frecuente y muchas son manejadas quirúrgicamente, sin embargo, las intervenciones endoscópicas han mostrado mejorar desenlaces de curación y tiempo de estancia hospitalaria. Se describe la experiencia de la terapia de cierre asistida por vacío (E-VAC), en el manejo de fístulas y dehiscencias anastomóticas postoperatorias, en un centro de referencia gastrointestinal en Colombia. Se realizó un estudio serie de casos en pacientes con dehiscencia de anastomosis y fístula a diferentes niveles del tracto digestivo, tratados mediante E-VAC, por el servicio de gastroenterología de la clínica universitaria Colombia, en Bogotá, durante un periodo comprendido de febrero 2019 y noviembre 2021. Se describieron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y quirúrgicas. Se describen 6 casos, 4 de tracto digestivo inferior y 2 de tracto digestivo superior. El 83% fueron hombres, la edad media fue de 51,8 años (+/-17,5). La indicación de E-VAC fue fístula anastomótica colorrectal en el 66%, siendo la ubicación anatómica más frecuente la anastomosis colorrectal (66%), con menor frecuencia a nivel de los cardias (16%) y esófago (16%). El tamaño del defecto se describió entre el 20 y el 80% en pacientes sometidos a terapia E-VAC, siendo el tiempo promedio de hospitalización 22.5 días con un número de recambios promedio de siete por paciente. Las fugas y fístulas anastomóticas son complicaciones potencialmente mortales en pacientes llevados a intervenciones quirúrgicas gastrointestinales, en las que la terapia E-VAC ha mostrado ser eficaz y segura, promoviendo el cierre del defecto y el drenaje de colecciones presentes, igualmente disminuyendo el tiempo de estancia hospitalaria.


Gastrointestinal postoperative anastomotic leaks and fistulas occur frequently and many are managed surgically; however, endoscopic interventions have shown to improve healing outcomes and length of hospital stay. The experience of vacuum-assisted closure therapy (E-VAC) is described, in complications such as fistulasand postoperative anastomotic leaks, in a gastrointestinal reference center in Colombia. A case series study was carried out in patients with anastomotic leaks and fistulasat different levels of the digestive tract, treated by E-VAC, by the Gastroenterology Service in Colombia, during a period from February 2019 to November 2021. Sociodemographic, clinical and surgical variables were described. 6 cases are described, 4 from lower digestive tract and 2 from upper digestive tract. 83% were men; the mean age was 51.8 years (+/-17.5). The indication for E-VAC was colorectal anastomotic fistula in 66%; the most frequent anatomical location was near the anal region (66%), less frequently at the level of the cardia (16%) and esophagus (16%). The size of the defect was described between 20 and 80% in patients undergoing E-VAC therapy, with an average hospitalization length of stay of 22.5 days, with an average number of exchanges of seven per patient. Anastomotic leaks and fistulasare potentially fatal complications in gastrointestinal surgery. E-VAC therapy has shown to be effective and safe, promoting defect closure and drainage of collections present, also decreasing the length of hospital stay.

15.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 58(2): 326-330, Mar.-Apr. 2023. tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: biblio-1449798

Résumé

Abstract Objective Medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) significantly relieves pain in the medial joint line in medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee. But some patients complain of pain over the pes anserinus even 1 year after the osteotomy, which may require implant removal for relief. This study aims to define the implant removal rate after MOWHTO due to pain over the pes anserinus. Methods One hundred and three knees of 72 patients who underwent MOWHTO for medial compartment osteoarthritis between 2010 and 2018 were enrolled in the study. Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS), Oxford knee score (OKS), and visual analogue score (VAS) were assessed for pain in the medial knee joint line (VAS-MJ) preoperatively, 12 months postoperatively, and yearly thereafter; adding VAS for pain over the pes anserinus (VAS-PA). Patients with VAS-PA ≥ 40 and adequate bony consolidation after 12 months were recommended implant removal. Results Thirty-three (45.8%) of the patients were male and 39 (54.2%) were female. The mean age was 49.4 ± 8.0 and the mean body mass index was 27.0 ± 2.9. The Tomofix medial tibial plate-screw system (DePuy Synthes, Raynham, MA, USA) was used in all cases. Three (2.8%) cases with delayed union requiring revision were excluded. The KOOS, OKS, and VAS-MJ significantly improved 12 months after MOWHTO. The mean VAS-PA was 38.3 ± 23.9. Implant removal for pain relief was needed in 65 (63.1%) of the103 knees. The mean VAS-PA decreased to 4.5 ± 5.6 3 months after implant removal (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Over 60% of the patients may need implant removal to relieve pain over the pes anserinus after MOWHTO. Candidates for MOWHTO should be informed about this complication and its solution.


Resumo Objetivo A osteotomia tibial alta com cunha de abertura medial (MOWHTO, do inglês medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy) alivia de forma significativa a dor na linha articular medial em casos de osteoartrite do compartimento medial do joelho. Alguns pacientes, porém, se queixam de dor nos tendões dos músculos sartório, grácil e semitendinoso (pata de ganso) mesmo 1 ano após a osteotomia, o que pode exigir a remoção do implante. Este estudo define a taxa de remoção do implante após a MOWHTO devido à dor nos tendões dos músculos sartório, grácil e semitendinoso. Métodos Cento e três joelhos de 72 pacientes submetidos à MOWHTO para tratamento da osteoartrite do compartimento medial entre 2010 e 2018 foram incluídos no estudo. A pontuação de desfecho de lesão no joelho e osteoartrite (KOOS, do inglês Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score), a pontuação dejoelho de Oxford (OKS, do inglês Oxford Knee Score) e a escala visual analógica (EVA) de dor na linha articular medial do joelho (EVA-MJ) foram avaliados antes da cirurgia. A EVA nos tendões dos músculos sartório, grácil e semitendinoso (EVA-PA) foi adicionada a essas avaliações, também realizadas 12 meses após o procedimento e, a seguir, anualmente. A remoção do implante foi recomendada em pacientes com EVA-PA ≥ 40 e consolidação óssea adequada em 12 meses. Resultados Trinta e três (45,8%) pacientes eram homens e 39 (54,2%), mulheres. A média de idade foi de 49,4 ±8,0, e o índice de massa corpórea (IMC) médio foi de 27,0 ± 2,9. O sistema placa-parafuso tibial medial Tomofix (DePuy Synthes, Raynham, MA, EUA) foi utilizado em todos os casos. Três (2,8%) casos foram excluídos devido ao retardo de consolidação e à necessidade de revisão. Os resultados nas escalas KOOS, OKS e EVA-MJ melhoraram significativamente 12 meses após a MOWHTO. A EVA-PA média foi de 38,3 ± 23,9. A remoção do implante para alívio da dor foi necessária em 65 (63,1%) dos 103 joelhos. Três meses após a remoção do implante, a EVA-PA média diminuiu para 4,5 ± 5,6 (p < 0,0001). Conclusão A remoção do implante pode ser necessária em mais de 60% dos pacientes para alívio da dor nos tendões dos músculos sartório, grácil e semitendinoso após a MOWHTO. Os candidatos à MOWHTO devem ser informados sobre esta complicação e sua resolução.


Sujets)
Humains , Ostéotomie , Infection de plaie opératoire , Tibia/chirurgie , Plaques orthopédiques , Transplantation osseuse , Ablation de dispositif
16.
Braz. J. Anesth. (Impr.) ; 73(1): 10-15, Jan.-Feb. 2023. tab, graf
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420647

Résumé

Abstract Background The effect of regional analgesia on perioperative infectious complications remains unknown. We therefore tested the hypothesis that a composite of serious infections after colorectal surgery is less common in patients with regional analgesia than in those given Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia (IV-PCA) with opiates. Methods Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery lasting one hour or more under general anesthesia at the Cleveland Clinic Main Campus between 2009 and 2015 were included in this retrospective analysis. Exposures were defined as regional postoperative analgesia with epidurals or Transversus Abdominis Plane blocks (TAP); or IV-PCA with opiates only. The outcome was defined as a composite of in-hospital serious infections, including intraabdominal abscess, pelvic abscess, deep or organ-space Surgical Site Infection (SSI), clostridium difficile, pneumonia, or sepsis. Logistic regression model adjusted for the imbalanced potential confounding factors among the subset of matched surgeries was used to report the odds ratios along with 95% confidence limits. The significance criterion was p < 0.05. Results A total of 7811 patients met inclusion and exclusion criteria of which we successfully matched 681 regional anesthesia patients to 2862 IV-PCA only patients based on propensity scores derived from potential confounding factors. There were 82 (12%) in-hospital postoperative serious infections in the regional analgesia group vs. 285 (10%) in IV-PCA patients. Regional analgesia was not significantly associated with serious infection (odds ratio: 1.14; 95% Confidence Interval 0.87‒1.49; p-value = 0.339) after adjusting for surgical duration and volume of intraoperative crystalloids. Conclusion Regional analgesia should not be selected as postoperative analgesic technique to reduce infections.


Sujets)
Humains , Chirurgie colorectale , Alcaloïdes opiacés , Douleur postopératoire/étiologie , Douleur postopératoire/traitement médicamenteux , Douleur postopératoire/épidémiologie , Infection de plaie opératoire/prévention et contrôle , Infection de plaie opératoire/épidémiologie , Études rétrospectives , Analgésie autocontrôlée/méthodes , Abcès/complications , Analgésiques morphiniques
17.
Rev. venez. cir ; 76(2): 114-119, 2023. ilus
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1553865

Résumé

Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia más actualizada sobre el cambio rutinario de instrumental y guantes quirúrgicos en cirugía abdominal, y su impacto en el riesgo de infecciones. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica, en las bases de datos PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, y MEDLINE. Resultados: A la fecha, la evidencia sumamente escasa sobre el potencial impacto del cambio rutinario de instrumental y guantes quirúrgicos en cirugía abdominal, y su relación con la incidencia de infección en el sitio operatorio. Sin embargo, no deja de ser un tema de interés en cirugía global. El estudio ChEETAh, ensayo realizado en siete países de bajos y medianos ingresos, que evaluó el cambio rutinario tanto de guantes como de instrumental quirúrgico en cirugía abdominal y su relación con la infección, demostró que, la frecuencia de infección en sitio operatorio fue del 16% (n=931) en el grupo intervención, comparado a un 18,9% (n=1280) en el grupo control (RR 0,87; IC 95%: 0,79 ­ 0,95; p=0,0032). Así, podría existir cierta protección adicional con el cambio rutinario de guantes e instrumental en cirugía abdominal. Conclusión: Aunque la evidencia es limitada y heterogénea, existe una tendencia respecto a un potencial beneficio frente a la incidencia de infección en sitio operatorio, en el cambio rutinario de guantes e instrumental quirúrgico en cirugía abdominal(AU)


Objective: To analyze the most recent evidence regarding the routine change of surgical instruments and gloves in abdominal surgery and its impact on the risk of infections. Methods: A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases. Results: To date, the evidence regarding the potential impact of routine changes in surgical instruments and gloves in abdominal surgery and their relationship with the incidence of surgical site infections is extremely scarce. Nevertheless, it remains a topic of interest in global surgery. The ChEETAh study, conducted in seven low and middle-income countries, which assessed the routine change of both gloves and surgical instruments in abdominal surgery and its relation to infection, demonstrated that the frequency of surgical site infection was 16% (n=931) in the intervention group compared to 18.9% (n=1280) in the control group (RR 0.87; 95% CI: 0.79 ­ 0.95; p=0.0032). Thus, there may be some additional protection with the routine change of gloves and instruments in abdominal surgery. Conclusion: Although the evidence is limited and heterogeneous, there is a trend suggesting a potential benefit in reducing the incidence of surgical site infections through the routine change of gloves and surgical instruments in abdominal surgery(AU)


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Complications postopératoires , Chirurgie générale , Facteurs de risque , Cavité abdominale
18.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; 57: e20220459, 2023. tab
Article Dans Anglais, Portugais | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1449198

Résumé

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the perception of patients and health professionals regarding patients' participation in surgical site infection prevention. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in two hospitals in the city of São Paulo, with a convenience sample of 123 patients in the postoperative period of elective surgeries and 92 health professionals (physicians and nurses) acting in direct care of surgical patients. Results: Patients (78.9%) and professionals (79.4%) fully agreed with the importance of patient participation to prevent surgical site infection. The impact of patient participation on infection rates was significant for those undergoing previous surgery (p = 0.021). Patients and professionals disagreed about the best time to prepare the patient about the topic (p<0.001). The participation strategies considered most effective by patients and professionals were, respectively, oral presentation (47.2% and 75%), videos (40.7% and 58.7%) and leaflets (30.9% and 58.7%). Conclusion: Patients and health professionals believe that patient participation in surgical site infection prevention is important.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la percepción de pacientes y profesionales de salud sobre la participación de los pacientes en la prevención de la infección del sitio quirúrgico. Método: Estudio transversal realizado en dos hospitales de la ciudad de São Paulo, con una muestra de conveniencia de 123 pacientes en el postoperatorio de cirugías electivas y 92 profesionales de salud (médicos y enfermeros) que actúan en el cuidado directo de pacientes quirúrgicos. Resultados: Los pacientes (78,9%) y los profesionales (79,4%) estuvieron totalmente de acuerdo con la importancia de la participación de los pacientes para prevenir la infección del sitio quirúrgico. El impacto de la participación de los pacientes en las tasas de infección fue significativo para los sometidos a cirugía previa (p = 0,021). Pacientes y profesionales discreparon sobre el mejor momento para preparar al paciente sobre el tema (p < 0,001). Las estrategias de participación consideradas más eficaces por pacientes y profesionales fueron, respectivamente, la presentación oral (47,2% y 75%), los vídeos (40,7% y 58,7%) y los folletos (30,9% y 58,7%). Conclusión: Los pacientes y los profesionales de salud creen que la participación de los pacientes en la prevención de la infección del sitio quirúrgico es importante.


RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a percepção de pacientes e profissionais de saúde sobre a participação dos pacientes na prevenção de infecção do sítio cirúrgico. Método: Estudo transversal realizado em dois hospitais da cidade de São Paulo, com amostra por conveniência de 123 pacientes no período pós-operatório de cirurgias eletivas e 92 profissionais de saúde (médicos e enfermeiros) atuantes no cuidado direto a pacientes cirúrgicos. Resultados: Pacientes (78,9%) e profissionais (79,4%) concordaram totalmente com a importância da participação do paciente para a prevenção de infecção do sítio cirúrgico. O impacto da participação do paciente nas taxas de infecção foi significativo para aqueles submetidos à cirurgia prévia (p = 0,021). Pacientes e profissionais discordaram quanto ao melhor momento para preparar o paciente sobre a temática (p<0,001). As estratégias de participação consideradas mais efetivas pelos pacientes e profissionais foram, respectivamente, exposição oral (47,2% e 75%), vídeos (40,7% e 58,7%) e panfletos (30,9% e 58,7%). Conclusão: Pacientes e profissionais de saúde julgam ser importante a participação do paciente na prevenção de infecção do sítio cirúrgico.


Sujets)
Humains , Soins infirmiers périopératoires , Éducation pour la santé , Prévention des infections , Participation des patients , Infection de plaie opératoire
19.
ABCD (São Paulo, Online) ; 36: e1758, 2023. tab, graf
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1513502

Résumé

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis is an essential component of perioperative care. The use of prophylactic regimens of antibiotics is a well-established practice that is encouraged to be implemented in preoperative/perioperative protocols in order to prevent surgical site infections. AIMS: The aim of this study was to emphasize the crucial aspects of antibiotic prophylaxis in abdominal surgery. RESULTS: Antibiotic prophylaxis is defined as the administration of antibiotics before contamination occurs, given with the intention of preventing infection by achieving tissue levels of antibiotics above the minimum inhibitory concentration at the time of surgical incision. It is indicated for clean operations with prosthetic materials or in cases where severe consequences may arise in the event of an infection. It is also suitable for all clean-contaminated and contaminated operations. The spectrum of action is determined by the pathogens present at the surgical site. Ideally, a single intravenous bolus dose should be administered within 60 min before the surgical incision. An additional dose should be given in case of hemorrhage or prolonged surgery, according to the half-life of the drug. Factors such as the patient's weight, history of allergies, and the likelihood of colonization by resistant bacteria should be considered. Compliance with institutional protocols enhances the effectiveness of antibiotic use. CONCLUSION: Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis is associated with reduced rates of surgical site infection, hospital stay, and morbimortality.


RESUMO RACIONAL: A antibioticoprofilaxia é um componente importante dos cuidados perioperatórios. OBJETIVOS: Abordar os principais aspectos da antibioticoprofilaxia em cirurgia digestiva. RESULTADOS: Ela é definida como a redução da carga de bactérias no sítio operatório através da obtenção de níveis séricos de antibiótico acima da concentração inibitória mínima no momento da incisão cirúrgica. Está indicada em cirurgias limpas com próteses e nas quais a consequência de uma eventual infecção seja grave, bem como em todas as cirurgias limpas-contaminadas e contaminadas. O espectro de ação do antibiótico deve ser de acordo com a flora esperada no sítio cirúrgico e deve ser administrado 60 minutos antes da incisão, em bolus, por via endovenosa e preferencialmente em dose única. Nos casos de hemorragia importante ou cirurgias mais longas, uma nova dose pode ser administrada. O peso do paciente, a história de alergia a medicamentos e a possibilidade de colonização por bactérias multirresistentes devem ser levados em conta. A aderência a protocolos institucionais aumenta a chance de uso adequado da antibioticoprofilaxia. CONCLUSÕES: A antibioticoprofilaxia está associada à redução das taxas de infecção do sítio cirúrgico, tempo de internação e morbidade.

20.
ABCD (São Paulo, Online) ; 36: e1766, 2023. tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1513504

Résumé

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In the surgical correction of large incisional hernias, the use of a prosthesis is essential in most cases regardless of the technique chosen. The preference is for the polypropylene prosthesis. AIMS: To compare the onlay and Rives-Stoppa techniques in the correction of incisional hernias, their immediate results, complications, advantages, and disadvantages. METHODS: Two groups of patients with incisional hernias were analyzed, submitted to the onlay (19 patients) and Rives-Stoppa (17 patients) techniques, and that used polypropylene prostheses. General epidemiological variables, perioperative data variables, and postoperative complications were assessed. RESULTS: The patients' epidemiologic profile was similar between both groups. The majority were women (58.4%), with a mean age of 65.5 years and a previous mean body mass index of 41.5 kg/m². The Rives-Stoppa technique was employed in most patients (52.7%). Those submitted to the onlay technique had longer abdominal drainage time and longer hospital stay, as well as a higher incidence of seromas and surgical wound infection. CONCLUSIONS: The incisional herniorrhaphy technique with the placement of a pre-peritoneal polypropylene mesh by the Rives-Stoppa technique was superior to the onlay due to lower rates of drain use, hospital stay, and postoperative complications.


RESUMO RACIONAL: Na correção cirúrgica das grandes hérnias incisionais, independente da técnica escolhida, na maioria das vezes, o uso de uma prótese é imprescindível. A preferência é pelas próteses de polipropileno. OBJETIVOS: Comparar a técnicas onlay e Rives-Stoppa na correção de hérnias incisionais, os seus resultados imediatos, as complicações, as vantagens e desvantagens. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados dois grupos de portadores de hérnias incisionais, submetidos à técnica onlay (19 pacientes) e técnica Rives-Stoppa (17 pacientes), utilizando prótese de polipropileno. As variáveis gerais epidemiológicas, variáveis de dados perioperatórios e complicações pós-operatórias foram analisados. RESULTADOS: O perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes foi semelhante entre os grupos, a maioria eram mulheres (58.4%), com média de idade de 65.5 anos e com índice de massa corpórea (IMC) médio prévio de 41,5kg/m². A técnica de Rives-Stoppa foi utilizada na maioria dos pacientes (52.7%). Pacientes submetidos a técnica onlay apresentaram maior tempo de uso de dreno abdominal e maior tempo de internação hospitalar, além de maior incidência de seromas e infecção de ferida operatória. CONCLUSÕES: A técnica de herniorrafia incisional com colocação de tela de polipropileno pré-peritoneal, pela técnica de Rives-Stoppa apresentou-se superior à técnica onlay, devido menor taxa de uso de drenos, menor taxa de tempo de internação hospitalar, bem como menor taxa de complicações pós-operatórias.

SÉLECTION CITATIONS
Détails de la recherche