Hidradenoma papilífero de la vulva con componente de carcinoma in situ: reporte de caso y revisión de la bibliografía / Papilliferous hidradenoma of the vulva with carcinoma in situ component: case report and literature review

Resumen ANTECEDENTES: El cáncer de vulva es relativamente raro, representa menos del 1% de los tumores malignos de la mujer; su incidencia aumenta con la edad. La variedad más frecuente es el carcinoma escamoso (80 al 90%), seguido del melanoma. En este reporte se revisa un carcinoma de origen glandular, como el hidradenoma papilífero del tipo glándula mamaria (mammary-like) de la vulva. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 50 años, con una lesión papular en la vulva de dos años de evolución, con crecimiento lento y progresivo, ocasional sensación de masa y dolor, con colposcopia negativa, sin antecedentes de patología mamaria y con una biopsia previa que reportó hidradenoma papilífero vulvar. Se trató con resección completa de la lesión, con anestesia regional, con bordes libres, no se identificó algún componente infiltrante. En la actualidad permanece sin evidencia de recaída ni requerimiento de tratamientos adicionales durante el seguimiento. CONCLUSIÓN: El hidradenoma papilífero es una lesión benigna, poco frecuente, relacionada con las glándulas anogenitales de tipo mammary-like, con buen pronóstico. El tratamiento recomendado es la escisión quirúrgica, que casi siempre es curativa.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Vulvar cancer is relatively rare, representing less than 1% of malignant tumors in women; its incidence increases with age. The most frequent variety is squamous cell carcinoma (80 to 90%), followed by melanoma. In this report we review a carcinoma of glandular origin, such as papilliferous hydradenoma of the vulva of the mammary gland (mammary-like) type. CLINICAL CASE: We present a 50-year-old patient with 2 years evolution of a papular lesion on the vulva with slow and progressive growth, intermitent sensation of mass and pain, with negative colposcopy, no history of breast pathology and with a previous biopsy that reported vulvar papilliferous hydradenoma. She was treated with complete resection of the lesion under regional anesthesia, with free margins, without identifying an infiltrating component and currently without evidence of relapse or requirement of additional treatments. CONCLUSION: Papilliferous hidradenoma is a rare benign lesion related to the mammary-like anogenital glands, with a good prognosis and its recommended treatment is surgical excision, which is generally curative.

Clinicopathological features of clear cell hidradenoma in 23 cases / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features, immunophenotype and differential diagnosis of clear cell hidradenoma, and to analyze the origin of clear cell hidradenoma and the underlying mechanism.Methods:The clinical data of 23 cases of clear cell hidradenoma who underwent surgical resection in Suzhou Municipal Hospital between December 2017 and July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical manifestation, imaging features, pathological features and prognosis of the 23 cases of clear cell hidradenoma were analyzed. Expression levels of epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin 20, cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin 14, carcinoembryonic antigen, and gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 were detected by immunohistochemical staining technique using the EnVision system. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining was performed to visualize glycogen.Results:Among the 23 cases, 8 were male and 14 were female, aged 14-94 years, with a median age of 55 years. The first symptom of clear cell hidradenoma was epidermal bulgels in 18 cases.Contrast ultrasonography showed a subcutaneous cystic solid echo mass with abundant blood flow in the solid part. The tumor histologically consisted of two types of cells: secretory epithelial cells or glandular epithelial cells and clear cells. Twenty cases had tumors with the features of benign clear cell hidradenoma. Two cases had atypical clear cell hidradenoma with atypia and mitosis. One case had malignant clear cell hidradenoma. Tumor cells were positive for epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin 14, carcinoembryonic antigen, and gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 and they were Periodic acid-Schiff-positive. Twenty-three patients were followed up for 2-36 months, of which 4 were lost to follow-up and the rest had no recurrence of clear cell hidradenoma.Conclusion:Clear cell hidradenoma is rare and has a good prognosis. Malignant clear cell hidradenoma is rarer and has a poor prognosis. Diagnosis of clear cell hidradenoma is mainly based on comprehensive analysis of pathological features and immunophenotypes. Clear cell hidradenoma should be differentiated from metastatic clear cell carcinoma, spiral adenoma, cortical adenoma, and malignant melanoma.

Implicações psicológicas nos pacientes com bromidrose / Psychological implications for patients with bromhidrosis

■ RESUMO Introdução: A bromidrose ou osmidrose é um problema que leva inúmeros pacientes a procurar tratamento médico especializado. O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar que a doença bromidrose está também relacionado com o emocional, podendo desencadear transtornos psíquicos graves. Métodos: Pacientes de ambos os gêneros, com idade predominante entre 22 e 42 anos, foram submetidos a consultas e avaliações psicológica no pré-operatório e o acompanhamento psicológico no pós-operatório. Resultados: Dos 34 pacientes avaliados que tinham o diagnóstico da bromidrose, 23 apresentaram sintomas de depressão grave. Conclusão: Os pacientes que apresentam o diagnóstico da bromidrose, são emocionalmente vulneráveis, depressivos e ansiosos. Sem o tratamento adequado pode ocasionar transtornos de personalidades graves.

■ ABSTRACT Introduction: Bromhidrosis or osmidrosis is a problem that leads many patients to seek specialized medical treatment. This work aims to show that the bromhidrosis disease is also related to the emotional one, which can trigger serious psychological disorders. Methods: Patients of both genders, predominantly aged between 22 and 42 years, were submitted to consultations and psychological assessments in the preoperative period and psychological follow-up in the postoperative period. Results: Of the 34 patients evaluated who had a diagnosis of bromhidrosis, 23 had symptoms of severe depression. Conclusion: Patients diagnosed with bromhidrosis are emotionally vulnerable, depressed and anxious. Without proper treatment, it can lead to serious personality disorders.

Malignant adnexal cutaneous tumor of the scalp: a case report of difficult differential diagnosis between metastatic breast cancer and primary sweat gland tumor / Neoplasia maligna de glândula anexial cutânea em couro cabeludo: um caso de dúvida diagnóstica entre carcinoma metastático de mama e tumor primário de glândula sudoríparas

This paper describes a case of a 71-year-old female who initially went to a dermatologist to assess a scalp skin tumor, which performed an incisional biopsy. Anatomopathological and immunohistochemical study revealed a preliminary diagnosis of breast carcinoma metastasis. Although the patient had no medical history of breast cancer, due to this result, she was referred to a mastologist, who investigated her breast nodules for the possible primary focus of the carcinoma. Despite an active investigation through imaging tests, biopsies, and mammotomy, without finding any possible primary focus on the breasts. Finally, the lesion on the scalp was entirely removed by a plastic surgeon. New anatomopathological and immunohistochemical exams confirmed the diagnosis of breast carcinoma metastasis. Given these results, the authors discuss the difficulty in diagnosing differentiation from a primary or metastatic neoplasm of the scalp, with the resources currently available, until the conclusion that it was a primary carcinoma of the sweat gland.

Este artigo descreve o caso de uma mulher de 71 anos que inicialmente foi ao dermatologista para avaliação de tumor de pele no couro cabeludo, e que realizou biópsia incisional desta lesão. O estudo anatomopatológico e imuno-histoquímico revelou um diagnóstico preliminar de metástase de carcinoma de mama. Embora a paciente não tivesse história clínica de câncer de mama, devido a esse resultado, foi encaminhada à mastologista, que investigou seus nódulos mamários para localizar o possível foco primário do carcinoma. Apesar de uma investigação ativa por meio de exames de imagem, biópsias e mamotomia, não foi encontrado nenhum possível foco primário nas mamas. Por fim, a lesão no couro cabeludo também foi totalmente removida por um cirurgião plástico. Novos exames anatomopatológicos e imuno-histoquímicos confirmaram o diagnóstico de metástase de carcinoma de mama. Diante desses resultados, os autores discutem a dificuldade em diagnosticar a diferenciação de uma neoplasia primária ou metastática do couro cabeludo, com os recursos disponíveis atualmente, até a conclusão de que se tratava de um carcinoma primário da glândula sudorípara.

Four years retrospective study of skin adnexal tumors: Histomorphology and special stain study

Background: Skin adnexal tumors (SATs) are uncommon and may cause diagnostic problems. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of SATs with respect to their clinicopathological features over a period of 4 years. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective, descriptive study. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathological analysis and with special stains as Alcian blue/periodic acid–Schiff stain for confirmation. Results: A total number of cases that were diagnosed as SATs were 18; benign tumors were 17 (94.4%) and one malignant tumor (5.6%). Most tumors were of sweat gland origin (61.1%) followed by hair follicle origin (33.3%) then by sebaceous gland origin (5.6%). The age ranged from 3 to 51 years and male: female ratio was 1.57:1. The head-and-neck region was the most common location (44.4%). Hidradenoma (35.3%) was the most common benign tumor followed by pilomatrixoma (23.5%) and spiradenoma (17.6%) while sebaceous carcinoma was the only malignant tumor detected. Conclusion: The overall incidence of SATs was found to be very low. Benign SATs were more as compared with the malignant tumors. A careful histopathological assessment is essential for accurate diagnosis.

Prurito Vulvar y Enfermedad de Fox ­ Fordyce, un reporte de caso / Fox - Fordyce Disease, A Case Report

Se presenta un caso infrecuente de enfermedad de Fox-Fordyce en región vulvar, una dermatosis inflamatoria no infecciosa, infrecuente, de glándulas apocrinas, caracterizada por una erupción papular pruriginosa que involucra vulva, axila y región perianal, a predominio del sexo femenino, del cual no hay reportes nacionales. Se presenta una paciente de 53 años de edad, evaluada en consulta de ginecobstetricia, por presentar desde hace 5 meses, erupción papular en zona vulvar, asociado a prurito intermitente. Se tomó una biopsia de la lesión, y se envió al servicio de anatomía patológica, recibiéndose un fragmento de tejido de color pardo oscuro, de 0,3 x 0,2 x 0,1cm, en la cual se evidenció glándulas apocrinas dilatadas, con secreción espesa constituida por mucina, en su luz. Cumpliendo con los criterios histopatológicos, se estableció el diagnóstico de Enfermedad de Fox ­ Fordyce. Se consideró importante la presentación de este caso debido a la naturaleza infrecuente de esta enfermedad.

Fox-Fordyce disease is a non-infectious, infrequent inflammatory dermatosis of apocrine glands, isolated by a pruritic papular rash that usually begins frequently at puberty, and which may involve vulva, armpit and perianal region. It affects women more frequently, approximately in a 9 to 1 ratio, compared to men. In the presentation of the case of a female patient, 53 years old, in consultation of Gynecology-Obstetrics, of the General Maria Auxiliadora Hospital, for presenting for 5 months, papular eruption in vulvar area, associated with intermittent pruritus. A biopsy of the lesion was requested, and it was sent to the Pathological Anatomy Service, receiving a fragment of dark brown tissue, 0.3 x 0.2 x 0.1cm, which was automatically processed, obtaining a histological sheet, in which evidence dilated apocrine glands, which show a thick secretion made up of mucin, in its light. The patient met the histopathological criteria for the diagnosis of Fox - Fordyce disease. Consider the case presentation because of the infrequent nature of this disease.

Endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma - newly described skin appendageal tumours

@#Introduction: Endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma (EMPSGC) is a recently described adnexal tumour with a predilection for the face particularly the eye-lids. Considered to be a precursor lesion of mucinous adenocarcinoma, it may represent part of a morphological spectrum. We described a case of this entity, which we believe is the first case to be reported in Malaysia. Case report: A 59-year-old Chinese male presented with a slow-growing cystic lesion over the left lower lateral canthal region. The lesion became progressively larger and nodular within the last 6 months. Histologically, the lesion is a well-circumscribed intradermal tumour with pushing borders extending into the subcutaneous tissue. The tumour cells were arranged in lobules of solid, papillary and cribriform architecture. The cells displayed uniform, medium-sized, round to oval nuclei with stippled chromatin pattern and ample eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. Intracellular mucin (as highlighted by mucicarmine stain) was observed in areas with focal extracellular mucin seen. Mitotic figures were not particularly impressive. By immunohistochemistry study, the tumour cells expressed ER, PR, CK7, GCDFP-15, mammaglobin and EMA diffusely. Chromogranin A and synaptophysin highlighted a significant number of tumour cells. Discussion: The morphology and immunohistochemical profile similarities between EMPSGC and solid papillary carcinoma of the breast (SPCOTB) makes the former considered as the cutaneous analogue of the latter. In fact, one should rule out the possibility of metastatic SPCOTB before considering the diagnosis of EMPSGC.

Endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma (EMPSGC) of the eyelid: Clinicopathologic features, immunohistochemical findings and review of literature

Sweat gland neoplasms are rare adnexal tumors that pose a diagnostic challenge for both, ophthalmologists and pathologists. Endocrine, mucin producing sweat gland carcinoma (EMPSGC), considered to be analogous to the solid papillary mammary carcinoma is one such tumor. It usually affects elderly, is more frequent in women and has a predilection for skin of the eyelid. Although it has an indolent clinical course, EMPSGC is believed to be a precursor of the invasive mucinous carcinoma and has a potential for local recurrence. We report a series of 10 biopsy-proven EMPSGCs with their immunohistochemical features and review the literature.

Malignant nodular hidradenoma-inguinal region clinically masquerading as squamous cell carcinoma: a case report

Malignant Nodular hidradenoma is an extremely rare aggressive tumour originating from eccrine sweat glands with an incidence of <.001%. So far less than 80 cases have been reported in the literature. It’s known for its local recurrence (50%) and metastasis (60%) and hence early diagnosis and radical treatment is mandatory. But differentiating it from its benign counterparts and other skin tumour mimics is challenging, due to its histopathological similarity & lack of diagnostic immunomarkers. Authors report a case of 65-year-old female who presented with a short 4-month history of rapidly growing ulceroproliferative growth in the right inguinal region with bilateral inguinal node enlargement, associated with pain and discharge. Wedge biopsy of left inguinal lymph node showed malignant cutaneous adnexal tumour deposits, which after excision was typed as malignant nodular hidradenoma. It was confirmed with immunohistochemistry. Patient presented with recurrence 8 months after excision.

Syringocystadenocarcinoma Papilliferum: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Syringocystadenocarcinoma papilliferum (SCACP) is a rare malignant adnexal neoplasm, which is considered as a malignant counterpart of syringocystadenoma papilliferum (SCAP). Clinically, SCACP appears as a nodule, inflammatory plaque, or tumor. The lesion is usually covered with crusts, which are formed by secretion of the apocrine epithelial cells. Histologically, SCACP resembles SCAP, with cystic papillomatous invaginations connected to the skin surface by funnel-shaped structures lined by infundibular epithelium. The stroma of the tumor consists of a dense inflammatory infiltrate of plasma cells and lymphocytes. SCACP differs from SCAP in terms of the architectural and cytological features of the tumor cells, and is characterized by higher nuclear cytoplasmic ratio, nuclear irregularity, coarse chromatin, and increased mitotic activity. However, the immunohistochemical findings of SCACP vary. Since only 49 cases of SCACP have been reported in the English literature, the clinical and histologic characteristics of SCACP have not been fully established. Further studies on the diagnostic criteria for SCACP are warranted. Here, we report a rare case of SCACP and present a review of other relevant literature.

Eccrine porocarcinoma on the cheek

Eccrine porocarcinoma is a rare malignant tumor arising from the intraepidermal ductal portion of the eccrine sweat gland. It develops either spontaneously or from a long standing benign eccrine poroma. This entity usually affects older people and is commonly located on the lower extremities, the trunk, and the head. We report a case of eccrine porocarcinoma on the left cheek in an 85-year-old male. In our case, the tumor was treated with wide excision and postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy. The patient recovered well without local recurrence and distant metastasis during the 14-month follow-up period. Wide excision and postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy can be considered as a safe and effective treatment option in treating patients with eccrine porocarcinoma.

Poroma ecrino: a propósito de dos casos / Eccrine poroma: report of two cases

RESUMEN El poromaecrino es un tumor benigno de la glándula sudorípara, compuesto por células que se diferencian de la porción intraepidérmica del conducto excretor. Representa el 10% de los tumores de glándulas sudoríparas. Estos tumores no tienen una morfología característica, lo que puede dificultar al diagnóstico clínico. La localización más frecuente es en palmas, plantas y generalmente es de aparición solitaria.

SUMMARY Eccrineporoma is a benign tumor of the sweat gland composed of cells, that differ from the intraepidermal portion of the excretory duct. It represents 10% of the sweat gland tumors. These tumors do not have a characteristic morphology, which can make clinical diagnosis difficult. The most frequent localization is in palms and plants and is usually of solitary appearance.

Dermatoscopy: an auxiliary resource for the diagnosis of poroid neoplasms

Abstract: Poroid neoplasms are benign epithelial proliferations with eccrine sweat gland differentiation. They are a challenging diagnosis because of the clinical heterogeneity, being able to mimic several malignant neoplasms. They are classified into classic poroma, hidroacanthoma simplex, dermal duct tumor and poroid hidradenoma. Association of histological subtypes occurs in more than 25% of cases. We report a case of a combined poroid neoplasia of classical poroma and poroid hidradenoma, reviewing its dermatoscopic features.

Endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma of the eyelid: A clinical and histological conundrum

A 60-year-old male presented with a 6-month-old history of a left upper lid mass. The mass was excised, and histopathological evaluation showed a well-circumscribed, multinodular, intradermal tumor consisting of round-to-oval cells with round nuclei and mucin filled cysts. On immunohistochemical analysis, the tumor cells stained positively for cytokeratin (CK)-7, CK-8, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), mucicarmine, synaptophysin, gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 (GCDFP-15), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). A diagnosis of endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma (EMPSGC) of the eyelid was made and at 6-month follow-up, no recurrence was noted. In this communication, we discuss the pathology and treatment options of EMPSGC of the eyelid. Although an uncommon entity, EMPSGC may be considered as a differential when encountered with a suspicious, potentially malignant eyelid mass.

Combination of topical agents and oxybutynin as a therapeutic modality for patients with both osmidrosis and hyperhidrosis / Uso combinado de agentes tópicos e oxibutinina para tratamento de pacientes com osmidrose e hiper-hidrose

Summary Introduction: The association of osmidrosis and hyperhidrosis often causes emotional and social problems that may impair the patients' quality of life. The purpose of our study was to analyze the therapeutic results of oxybutynin and topical agents in 89 patients with both osmidrosis and hyperhidrosis. Method: We conducted an observational study at two specialized centers of hyperhidrosis between April 2007 and August 2013. Eighty-nine (89) patients with both osmidrosis and hyperhidrosis were treated with oxybutynin and topical agents. Patients were evaluated before treatment and at 3 and 6 weeks after treatment started, by using the Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Sweating Evolution Scale. Results: Before treatment, 98% of the patients presented with poor or very poor quality of life. After six weeks of treatment, 70% stated their quality of life as being slightly better or much better (p<0.001) and nearly 70% of the patients experienced a moderate or great improvement in sweating and malodor. Improvement in osmidrosis was significantly greater when the axillary region was the first most disturbing site of hyperhidrosis. Conclusion: There was a significant improvement in quality of life and a reduction in sweating and malodor after six weeks of treatment with topical agents and oxybutynin in patients with both hyperhidrosis and osmidrosis. Therefore, clinical treatment should be considered before invasive techniques.

Resumo Introdução: A associação entre osmidrose e hiper-hidrose com frequência causa problemas emocionais e sociais que podem deteriorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os resultados terapêuticos do uso de oxibutinina associada a agentes tópicos em 89 pacientes com osmidrose e hiper-hidrose. Método: Nós conduzimos um estudo observacional em dois centros especializados em hiper-hidrose entre abril de 2007 e agosto de 2013. Oitenta e nove (89) pacientes com osmidrose associada a hiper-hidrose foram tratados com oxibutinina e agentes tópicos. Os pacientes foram avaliados antes do tratamento e após 3 e 6 semanas do início do tratamento, por meio do Questionário de Qualidade de Vida e da Escala de Evolução da Sudorese. Resultados: Antes do tratamento, 98% dos pacientes apresentavam qualidade de vida ruim ou muito ruim. Após seis semanas de tratamento, 70% classificou sua qualidade de vida como sendo pouco ou muito melhor (p<0.001) e aproximadamente 70% dos pacientes relataram melhora moderada ou grande de sudorese e odor. Houve melhora significativamente maior da osmidrose quando a região axilar era o sítio em que a hiper-hidrose mais incomodava. Conclusão: Houve melhora significativa da qualidade de vida e uma redução da sudorese e do odor após seis semanas de tratamento com agentes tópicos e oxibutinina em pacientes com hiper-hidrose associada a osmidrose. Dessa maneira, a terapia clínica deve ser considerada antes de técnicas invasivas.

Microneedle radiofrequency for minimally invasive interventional treatment of bromhidrosis for 31 patients / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the safety and efficacy of microneedle radiofrequency for minimally invasive interventional treatment of bromhidrosis.@*Methods@#From March 2016 to June 2017, Thirty-one bromhidrosis patients were treated with microneedle radiofrequency equipment (Bodytite armpits). Clinical follow up was then evaluated with Park standard.@*Results@#Six to twelve months after surgery (average 8.58 months), malodor were totally eliminated in thirty patients. One patient with residual malodor was cured by second operation. There were no significant scars in all patients. Five patients were observed with mild pigmentation.@*Conclusions@#The microneedle radiofrequency treatment is a simple, efficient and safe method for minimally invasive interventional treatment of bromhidrosi.

Syringocystadenoma papilliferum combined with a tubular apocrine adenoma

Abstract: Syringocystadenoma papilliferum and tubular apocrine adenoma are rare benign sweat gland tumors. Syringocystadenoma papilliferum occurs alone or in association with other tumors. Although it is rare, the association of tubular apocrine adenoma with syringocystadenoma papilliferum developing in a sebaceous nevus on the scalp is well documented. However, the co-existence of these two tumors without the background of a sebaceous nevus has not been frequently reported. Syringocystadenoma papilliferum and tubular apocrine adenoma may have a histopathological overlap, but a few cases of a syringocystadenoma papilliferum combined with a tubular apocrine adenoma have been reported. Herein we describe an unusual case of syringocystadenoma papilliferum co-existing with a tubular apocrine adenoma located on the back of a 14-year-old patient in the absence of a pre-existing sebaceous nevus.

Tratamento cirúrgico da bromidrose / Surgical treatment of bromhidrosis

INTRODUÇÃO:A bromidrose ou osmidrose é um problema que leva inúmeros pacientes a procurar tratamento médico especializado. A remoção das glândulas sudoríparas da região axilar por meio de exérese e lipoaspiração complementar é um procedimento de pequeno porte, tecnicamente simples e com poucas complicações. O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar a aplicação da cirurgia neste problema, suas complicações e o grau de satisfação dos pacientes. MÉTODO: Trinta e dois pacientes foram submetidos à lipoaspiração e retirada dos tecidos da axila, sob anestesia local e sedação. Acompanhou-se por no mínimo 6 meses estes pacientes no pós-operatório, avaliando a evolução e possíveis complicações e aplicou-se o questionário CSQ-8 para o grau de satisfação no sexto mês. RESULTADOS: Após 6 meses de acompanhamento, poucas foram as complicações e as respostas ao questionário demonstraram alto grau de satisfação. CONCLUSÃO: Além de ser facilmente exequível, o procedimento se mostrou seguro e com poucas complicações.

INTRODUCTION: Bromhidrosis or osmidrosis causes many patients to seek specialized medical treatment. Removal of the sweat glands from the axillary region through excision and complementary liposuction is a minor, technically simple procedure, with few complications. The objective of this study is to review the role of surgery in bromhidrosis, complications of treatment, and the degree of patient satisfaction. METHOD: Thirty-two patients underwent liposuction and removal of axillary tissue under local anesthesia and sedation. The patients were followed up for at least 6 months postoperatively, to evaluate the outcome and possible complications. The Client Satisfaction Questionnaire was completed after 6 months. RESULTS: After 6 months of follow-up, there were few complications and the questionnaire revealed a high degree of satisfaction. CONCLUSION: In addition to being easily performed, the procedure was safe, with few complications.

Concomitant poroma and porocarcinoma

Abstract: Eccrine poromas and porocarcinomas are adnexal tumors derived from the sweat duct epithelium. However, eccrine poroma is benign in nature, whilst eccrine porocarcinoma is regarded as its malignant counterpart. We report the case of a man who presented simultaneously with an eccrine poroma and eccrine porocarcinoma. Both lesions had no clear distinctive features, enhancing the need of high-level clinical suspicion together with surgical excision and histopathology for prompt diagnosis confirmation.

Case for diagnosis. A bluish nodule on the scalp

Abstract: Acrospiroma, also known as hidradenoma, is a rare cutaneous tumor that has several histological characteristics. As a consequence, a high index of suspicion is necessary for its diagnosis. Here we report a case that illustrates the importance of a good clinical-pathologic correlation in order to recognize this disease.