Questions and thoughts on improving the quality of eduction in gynecology of traditional Chinese medicine / 国际中医中药杂志

The present problems were analyzed in the education in the gynecology of traditional Chinese medicine. And then the discusion was underwent as fellowes: the reasonable allocation of teaching hours, enriching teaching methods, setting up the concept of combining traditional Chinese and western medicine, developing the another class, paying attention on teacher training and student feedback. In this way, we want to explore the effective methods to improve the quality of education in the gynecology of traditional Chinese medicine.

Chinese herbal medicine compound Yi-Zhi-Hao pellet inhibits replication of influenza virus infection through activation of heme oxygenase-1

As a leading cause of respiratory disease, influenza A virus (IAV) presents a pandemic threat in annual seasonal outbreaks. Given the limitation of existing anti-influenza therapies, there remains to be a requirement for new drugs. Compound Yi-Zhi-Hao pellet (CYZH) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used in the clinic, whose formula has been recorded into treat common cold. In this study, we found that CYZH exhibited a broad-spectrum anti-influenza activity and inhibited the expression of viral RNA and proteins. Mechanistically, CYZH had no inhibitory activities against viral protein hemagglutinin and IAV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Instead, it induced activation of erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B), which subsequently upregulated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. Also, CYZH protected cells from oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen series. In conclusions, CYZH inhibits IAV replication, at least partly by activating expression of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

Atenciones relacionadas con el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en la población vinculada, desplazada y atenciones no POS-S, 2006-2012 / Attentions Related with the Consumption of Psychoactive Substances in the Population Linked, Displaced and Attentions not POS-S, 2006-2012 / Atenções relacionados com o consumo de substâncias psicoativas na população ligada, deslocados e atenções não POS-S, 2006-2012

Introducción: El consumo de sustancias psicoactivas es un problema de salud pública muy amplio en el mundo entero; el objetivo fundamental de este análisis es establecer el comportamiento de este evento basados en los Registros Individuales de prestación de servicios de salud RIPS generados por las atenciones realizadas durante el periodo 2006-2011 a población vinculada, desplazada y atenciones no POSS, según los datos reportados por las Empresas Sociales del Estado (ESE) de la Red adscrita, Red complementaria y Red urgencias, como una de las herramientas para la definición de estrategias intra e interinstitucionales que mejoren el estado de salud de los grupos poblacionales en riesgo debido al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. Método: Se hizo un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo en el cual se incluyeron los registros individuales de prestación de servicios de salud (RIPS) consolidados durante el periodo 2006-2012; se seleccionaron los códigos CIE-10 que están relacionados con los trastornos mentales y del comportamiento (TMC) debidos al uso de sustancias psicoactivas (F10-F19), se describió su comportamiento en el tiempo según el sexo, la edad y la localidad de residencia, y se agruparon de forma lógica los principales diagnósticos de atenciones. Toda esta información fue procesada en el software de análisis estadístico SPSS versión 17. Resultados: Entre los TMC más comunes relativos al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, se encontraron los relacionados con el consumo de múltiples drogas y el consumo de alcohol, alucinógenos y cannabinoides; la mayor proporción de atenciones generadas por el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas según el grupo etario y el sexo fue reportada en hombres en todos los grupos etarios,a excepción del grupo de 14-17 años, en el cual se presentó una mayor proporción de atenciones en mujeres; se evidenció una probabilidad de error al diligenciamiento de la localidad de residencia, lo que genera sesgos al momento del análisis de la información. Conclusiones: Es necesario fortalecer y revisar las actividades de promoción y prevención; especialmente, en la población menor de los 18 años, para apoyar la disminución del consumo en este grupo poblacional; se resaltan las atenciones a TMC por el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en la población de 0-5 años, las cuales, posiblemente, se relacionan con negligencia o descuido; de igual forma, se resaltan las atenciones en la población de 6-13 años, las cuales, al igual que en el grupo de menores de 5 años, también pueden estar vinculadas con negligencia y con problemas psicosociales que facilitan el uso temprano de esas sustancias. El consumo de disolventes ha ido en aumento, lo cual concuerda con el comportamiento descrito en el estudio nacional de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en población escolar para Colombia.

Introduction: Consumption of psychoactive substances is a worldwide public health issue. The objective of this analysis is to establish the behavior of this event based on the Personal Health Records (PHR) created by healthcare provided during 2006 and 2011 to displaced, insured, and uninsured population, according to data obtained by Social State Companies (SSC), and complementary and emergency nets. This method works as a tool to define strategies within and between institutions that improve health status of population groups that face risk due to psychoactive substance consumption. Method: A retrospective study was carried out, using PHRs created during 2006-2012. CIE-10 codes that include mental and behavior disorders due to consumption of psychoactive substances (F10-F19) were selected. These describe their behavior according to gender, age, and place of residence, grouping in a logical manner the main attention diagnostics. This information was processed by the statistical analysis software SPSS version 17. Results: The most common mental and behavior disorders related to psychoactive substance consumption were: alcohol, multiple drugs, and consumption of hallucinogenic and cannabinoid substances. Healthcare attention provided for psychoactive substance consumption, according to gender and age, was more common for men of all ages (except for ages between 14 and 17). For this age group, women represented a larger proportion of healthcare attention. A probability of error was evidenced while filling up for place of residence, which implies bias on the analysis. Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen and analyze prevention activities and strategies especially for the population under 18 years old, to support the decrease in consumption within this age group. Medical attention for behavior disorders due to psychoactive substance consumption in the population between 0 and 5 years old is highlighted as it is possibly related to negligence. The same medical attention for the population between 6 and 13 years old is also highlighted, as it may be related to negligence as well as psychosocial issues that might induce the consumption of these substances. According to the national study of psychoactive substance consumption for school population in Colombia, the consumption of solvents has been increasing.

Introdução: O uso de substâncias psicoativas é um problema de Saúde Pública de amplo mundial, o principal objetivo desta análise é estabelecer o comportamento deste evento com base nos Registros Individuais de Prestação de Serviços de Saúde RIPS, gerado pelo atendimento realizado durante o período 2006-2011, relacionado à população vinculada, deslocada e de atendimento no POSS, de acordo com os dados apresentados pelas Empresas Sociais do Estado ­ ESE da Rede ajuntada, Rede complementaria e Rede de urgência, como uma das ferramentas para a definição de estratégias intra e interinstitucional para melhorar a situação de saúde de grupos populacionais em situação de risco devido ao uso de substâncias psicoativas. Método: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo retrospectivo no qual se incluiu os registros RIPS consolidados durante o período 2006-2012, selecionando os códigos CIE-10 que estão elacionados com transtornos mentais e comportamentais TMC, devido ao uso de substâncias psicoativas (F10- F19), descobrindo o seu comportamento ao longo do tempo conforme sexo, idade e local de residência, agrupados de forma lógica os principais diagnósticos de atendimento, esta informação foi processada no software de análise estatística SPSS versão 17. Resultados: Entre os transtornos mentais e de comportamento mais corriqueiros relacionados ao consumo de substâncias psicoativas, encontrase o uso de múltiplas drogas, consumo de álcool, alucinógenas e cannabinoides, a maior proporção de atendimento realizada pelo uso de substâncias psicoativas conforme o grupo de idade e sexo foi realizado em homens de todas as faixas etárias, com exceção do grupo de 14-17 anos de idade, no qual teve uma maior proporção de atendimento em mulheres, foi evidenciada uma probabilidade de erro no preenchimento da localidade de residência, o que gera riscos no momento da análise dos dados. Conclusões: É necessário fortalecer e revisar as atividades de promoção e prevenção, especialmente na população menor de 18 anos, para apoiar a redução do consumo em este grupo populacional, se destaca os atendimentos por transtornos comportamentais pelo uso de substâncias psicoativas na população de 0-5 anos, no qual possivelmente estão relacionadas com a negligência ou imprudência, igualmente se ressalta os atendimentos na população com idades entre 6 a 13 anos dos quais, como presentado no outro grupo, também podem estar relacionado à negligência e problemas psicossociais que facilitam o uso precoce dessas substâncias, o consumo de solvente aumentou concordando com o comportamento descrito no estudo nacional de uso de substância psicoativas napopulação escolar de Colômbia.

Bedaquiline: a new weapon against MDR and XDR-TB.

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a global public health problem. It requires treatment with combination therapy consisting of four to six drugs including combinations of bactericidal and bacteriostatic drugs, usually for a period of 2 years. There is alarming rise in MDR and XDR-TB all over the world and better treatment options are needed to control the global MDR-TB and XDR-TB epidemic. Drugs which can shorten the treatment duration and which are free from serious adverse effects are urgently needed. Bedaquiline (TMC-207) is a newly FDA approved anti-TB drug, having unique mechanism of action i.e. causes inhibition of the proton pump activity of the ATP synthase in M. tuberculosis and targets the energy metabolism. It is found to active within macrophages, and is a promising agent in shortening the duration of anti- TB treatment. It is metabolized by CYP3A4, so interactions with inducers and inhibitors of this enzyme are expected. It has shown promising results in preclinical and clinical studies and it seems to be a good option for MDR and XDR-TB. Adverse effects reported in various studies were of mild nature except nausea which was the most commonly associated. Few cases of prolongation of QT intervals were reported, so it demands careful monitoring and use of bedaquiline as a reserve drug for patients in whom conventional regimens are not effective. Currently it is approved as part of combination therapy in adults of ≥18 year with pulmonary MDR-TB. Long term studies are needed to explore its full safety profile.

Influnence of ET-1 on [Ca~(2+)]i in cultured bovine trabecular meshwork cells in vitro / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To find out the method of ET-1 in regulating trabecular meshwork cell(TMC) contraction and to explore new effective drug treating glaucoma with little side-effects.Methods TMCs were obtained through the cultured tissue,and then loaded with Fluo-3/AM,the value of [Ca~(2+)]i was obtained by dynamically scanning the changes of intracellular fluorescent intensity after the application of different concentration of ET-1.Results The application of ET-1(10~(-9),10~(-8)and 10~(-7)mol/L),led to an increase in([Ca~(2+)]i.) Especially,the application of 10~(-8) mol/L ET-1 led to a significant increase in [Ca~(2+)]i: from(327.50)?(24.57) to 373.60?40.18(n=8,P

Effects of taurine magnesium coordination compound on potassium current in guinea pig ventricular cardiomyocytes / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the antiarrhythmic mechanism of taurine magnesium coordination compound(TMC)on the potassium current in single ventricular myocytes of guinea pig.Methods Whole-cell patch clamp was used to record IK,IK1 in single ventricular myocytes of guinea pig.Results In ventricular myocytes of guinea pig,IK was decreased from(8.67?1.04)pA/pF to(6.31?1.16)pA/pF at +70 mV.TMC had no effect on the IK1.Conclusions TMC had inhibitory effect on IK directly and this effect maybe resulted in prolonging the action potential duration(APD)and effective refractory period(ERP).It could be one of the basis of antiarrhythmic effect of TMC.