Formación de la cultura metrológica desde las potencialidades del deporte y la Educación Física

Este artículo trata la formación de la cultura metrológica, en los estudiantes de la Educación Preuniversitaria, desde las potencialidades del deporte y las clases de Educación Física, como uno de los elementos que debe ser priorizado en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Física y como parte de la preparación de los estudiantes para la vida. El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en diseñar un sistema de tareas docentes integradoras que permita aprovechar las potencialidades del deporte, en general, y las clases de Educación Física, en particular para la formación de la cultura metrológica en los estudiantes de décimo grado. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se utilizaron los métodos: analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo, modelación, observación, análisis documental, encuesta, entrevista y estadística descriptiva que permitieron procesar la información referente al tema objeto de investigación; así como determinar las causas de las insuficiencias que se presentan en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Física, para la formación de la cultura metrológica de los estudiantes de décimo grado. El sistema de tareas docentes integradoras propuesto se caracterizó por armonizar núcleos conceptuales básicos para el tratamiento a los contenidos metrológicos como son la estimación y medición de magnitudes y la conversión de unidades de medida; además de aprovechar las potencialidades del deporte y las clases de Educación Física.

Este artigo trata da formação da cultura metrológica em alunos da Educação Pré-Universitária, a partir das potencialidades das aulas de esportes e de Educação Física, como um dos elementos que devem ser priorizados no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Física e como parte da preparação dos alunos para a vida. O objetivo deste trabalho foi conceber um sistema de tarefas didáticas integradoras que permita aproveitar as potencialidades do esporte, em geral, e das aulas de Educação Física, em particular, para a formação da cultura metrológica em alunos do décimo ano. Para desenvolver a pesquisa foram utilizados os seguintes métodos: analítico-sintético, indutivo-dedutivo, modelagem, observação, análise documental, levantamento, entrevista e estatística descritiva que permitiram o tratamento das informações referentes ao tema sob investigação; bem como determinar as causas das insuficiências que surgem no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Física, para a formação da cultura metrológica dos alunos do décimo ano. O sistema de tarefas de ensino integrativo proposto caracterizou-se por harmonizar núcleos conceituais básicos para o tratamento de conteúdos metrológicos como a estimativa e medição de grandezas e a conversão de unidades de medida; além de aproveitar o potencial das aulas de esportes e Educação Física.

This article deals with the formation of metrological culture in Pre-University Education students, from the potential of sports and Physical Education classes, as one of the elements that must be prioritized in the teaching-learning process of Physics and as part of preparing students for life. The objective of this work was to design a system of integrative teaching tasks that allows taking advantage of the potential of sport, in general, and Physical Education classes, in particular, for the formation of metrological culture in tenth grade students. To develop the research, the following methods were used: analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, modeling, observation, documentary analysis, survey, interview and descriptive statistics that allowed the processing of information regarding the topic under investigation; as well as determine the causes of the insufficiencies that arise in the teaching-learning process of Physics, for the formation of the metrological culture of tenth grade students. The proposed system of integrative teaching tasks was characterized by harmonizing basic conceptual cores for the treatment of metrological content such as the estimation and measurement of magnitudes and the conversion of measurement units; in addition to taking advantage of potential of the sports and Physical Education classes.

Religiosidade/espiritualidade no processo de formação do profissional de saúde: relato de experiência / Religiosity/spirituality in the health professional training process: experience report / Religiosidad/espiritualidad en el proceso educativo de profesionales de la salud: relato de experiencia

INTRODUÇÃO: Por muito tempo os profissionais de saúde seguiram um modelo com uma visão fragmentada do cuidado, focado apenas na doença. Atualmente, esse modelo tem mudado e os profissionais têm adotado uma visão integral do sujeito, ampliando o entendimento de saúde para aspectos biopsicossociais e espiritual no conceito multidimensional de saúde. OBJETIVOS: analisar o processo de formação do profissional de saúde durante a pós-graduação sobre a inclusão da religiosidade e espiritualidade como prática de cuidado em saúde, e identificar as etapas vivenciadas. MÉTODO: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que tem como base metodológica um relato de experiência de março de 2021 a novembro de 2022, a partir da prática de uma residente fisioterapeuta do Programa Multiprofissional em Clínica da Pessoa e da Família. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Foram definidos a divisão e o compartilhamento de algumas fases de aprendizado durante a residência: (1) Desconhecimento sobre o tema na graduação, (2) Introdução teórica ao tema da Espiritualidade e (3) Abordagem com os pacientes e os impactos na minha formação. A análise das etapas foi realizada com base nas leituras de artigos científicos realizadas para embasamento do presente estudo. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: É importante que mais estudos sobre o tema sejam desenvolvidos, com objetivo de incentivar discussões sobre o assunto nas universidades, para que futuros profissionais de saúde tenham uma formação humanizada, ademais, desenvolver métodos eficazes para integração da espiritualidade na prática clínica e construir/validar escalas no Brasil.

INTRODUCTION: For a long time, health professionals followed a model with a fragmented view of care, focused only on the disease. Currently, this model has changed and professionals have adopted an integral view of the subject, expanding the understanding of health to biopsychosocial and spiritual aspects in the multidimensional concept of health. OBJECTIVES: analyze the training process of health professionals during postgraduate studies on the inclusion of religion and spirituality as a health care practice, identifying the stages experienced. METHOD: This is qualitative research and its methodological basis is an experience report from March 2021 to November 2022, based on the practice of a physiotherapist resident of the Multiprofessional Program in Clínica da Pessoa e da Família. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: It was defined the division and sharing of some learning phases during the residency: (1) Lack of knowledge about the subject in graduation, (2) Theoretical introduction to the theme of Spirituality and (3) Approach with patients and the impacts on my training. The analysis of the stages was carried out based on the readings of scientific articles carried out for the basis of the present study. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: It is important that more studies on the subject be developed with the aim of encouraging discussions on the subject in universities so that future health professionals have a humanized training, in addition, to develop effective methods for integrating spirituality into clinical practice and to build/validate scales in Brazil.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Durante mucho tiempo, los profesionales de la salud siguieron un modelo con una visión fragmentada del cuidado, centrado únicamente en la enfermedad. Actualmente, ese modelo ha cambiado y los profesionales han adoptado una visión integral del tema, ampliando la comprensión de la salud a aspectos biopsicosociales y espirituales en el concepto multidimensional de la salud. OBJETIVOS: analizar el proceso de formación de los profesionales de la salud durante los estudios de posgrado sobre la inclusión de la religión y la espiritualidad como práctica de atención a la salud, identificando las etapas vividas. MÉTODO: Esta es una investigación cualitativa y su base metodológica es un relato de experiencia de marzo de 2021 a noviembre de 2022, basado en la práctica de un fisioterapeuta residente del Programa Multiprofesional en la Clínica da Pessoa e da Família. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN: Se definió la división y puesta en común de algunas fases de aprendizaje durante la residencia: (1) Falta de conocimiento sobre el tema en la graduación, (2) Introducción teórica al tema de la Espiritualidad y (3) Acercamiento con los pacientes y los impactos en mi entrenamiento. El análisis de las etapas se realizó a partir de las lecturas de artículos científicos realizadas para la base del presente estudio. CONSIDERACIONES FINALES: Es importante que se desarrollen más estudios sobre el tema con el objetivo de incentivar discusiones sobre el tema en las universidades para que los futuros profesionales de la salud tengan una formación humanizada, además de desarrollar métodos efectivos para integrar la espiritualidad en la práctica clínica y para construir/validar escalas en Brasil.

Ensino remoto de educação em saúde na pós-graduação em saúde coletiva: possibilidades no contexto da pandemia de covid-19 / Remote teaching of health education in the postgraduate program in collective health: possibilities in the context of the covid-19 pandemic / Enseñanza a distância de educación para la salud en el posgrado en salud colectiva: posibilidades en el contexto de la pandemia del covid-19

O ensino remoto emergencial ocasionou mudanças no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, requisitando criatividade e incorporação de novas estratégias pedagógicas. Aqui, o objetivo é descrever a experiência de ensino-aprendizagem na disciplina educação em saúde, no contexto da pandemia de covid-19. Trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre o ensino remoto de educação em saúde no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva da Universidade Estadual do Ceará, no período letivo 2021.1. A disciplina foi ministrada por meio da plataforma Google Meet®, adotando-se estratégias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem. Os conteúdos mostraram--se relevantes. Ademais, a experiência promoveu a articulação teórico-prática, valorizou os saberes prévios dos pós-graduandos e estimulou a interatividade. Buscou-se superar o modelo tradicional de ensino, com vistas a propiciar autonomia e uma aprendizagem significativa. Os desafios encontrados e as possibilidades identificadas permitem a reflexão sobre a práxis docente, no que tange ao estímulo à participação e ao engajamento discente em ambiente virtual, além da incorporação de estratégias ativas de ensino, sobretudo no ensino remoto.

Emergency remote teaching caused changes in the teaching-learning process, requiring creativity and the incorporation of new pedagogical strategies. Here, the objective is to describe the teaching-learning experience in the health education discipline, in the context of the covid-19 pandemic. This is an experience report on remote teaching of health education in the postgraduate program in public health, at the Ceará State University, Brazil, in the 2021.1 academic period. The classes were given using the Google Meet® platform, adopting active teaching-learning strategies. The contents proved to be relevant. Moreover, the experience promoted theoretical-practical articulation, valued the prior knowledge of the postgraduate students and encouraged interactivity. We sought to overcome the traditional teaching model, in order to provide autonomy and a meaningful learning. The challenges experienced and the possibilities identified allow reflection on teaching practice in terms of encouraging student participation and engagement in a virtual environment, in addition to the incorporation of active teaching strategies in especially remote teaching.

La educación remota de emergencia provocó cambios en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, requiriendo creatividad y la incorporación de nuevas estrategias pedagógicas. El objetivo aquí es describir la experiencia de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la disciplina educación para la salud, en el contexto de la pandemia covid-19. Se trata de un relato de experiencia sobre la enseñanza remota de educación para la salud en el programa de posgrado en Salud Pública, de la Universidad Estadual de Ceará, en el período académico 2021.1. El curso se impartió utilizando la plataforma Google Meet®, adoptando estrategias activas de enseñanza-aprendi-zaje. Los contenidos han demonstrado ser relevantes. Además, la experiencia fomentó la articulación teó-rico-práctica, valoró los conocimientos previos de los estudiantes de posgrado y impulsó la interactividad. Buscamos superar el modelo de enseñanza tradicional, con el propósito de proporcionar autonomía y un aprendizaje significativo. Los desafíos enfrentados y las posibilidades identificadas permiten reflexionar sobre la práctica docente, en relación a incentivar la participación y el compromiso de los estudiantes en un ambiente virtual, además de la incorporación de estrategias activas en la enseñanza remota.

Food consumption and remote working conditions among Brazilian Primary Schools teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic / Consumo de alimentos y condiciones de trabajo remoto en maestros brasileños de básica durante la pandemia de COVID-19

Introduction: Teaching work, which is characterized by being exhausting, with a significant workload, with synchronous and/or asynchronous remote classes. Objective: To describe associations between the working conditions of school teachers at home and their food consumption during the suspension of face-to-face classes. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study using a self-administered online questionnaire with 15,372 working teachers from Minas Gerais, Brazil. The dependent variables analyzed were the consumption of healthy and unhealthy foods. Independent variables included sociodemographic factors, remote work conditions, understanding of online technologies, computer access, and quality of Internet connection. The Poisson model with robust variance was used to determine the association between working conditions and food consumption. Results: In the analysis of the adjusted multivariate model, there was a significant association between eating habits and the following variables: gender, age, working hours (per week), feelings regarding teachers' work during the pandemic, working hours during the pandemic and quality work internet connection. Our data shows that teachers' remote working conditions are associated with worse food consumption. They also showed that working hours equal to or greater than 40 hours per week, feelings of dissatisfaction with working conditions during the pandemic, increased working hours during the pandemic and poor quality of internet connection were variables correlated with the consumption of unhealthy foods. Conclusions: Remote working conditions during the pandemic influenced primary school teachers' food choices. More studies are needed to delve deeper into issues related to teachers' working conditions and the implications for food choices(AU)

Introducción: La labor docente se caracteriza por ser agotadora, con una importante carga horaria, con clases remotas síncronas y/o asíncronas. Objetivo: Describir la asociación existente entre las condiciones del trabajo remoto de los docentes de la educación básica y el consumo de sus alimentos durante el período de suspensión de las clases presenciales. Métodos: Es un estudio transversal mediante cuestionario en línea autoadministrado con 15.372 docentes activos en Minas Gerais, Brasil. Las variables dependientes analizadas fueron el consumo de los alimentos saludables y de los no saludables. Las variables independientes incluyeron los factores sociodemográficos, las condiciones del trabajo remoto, la comprensión de las tecnologías en línea, el acceso a las computadoras así como la calidad de la conexión a la Internet. Se utilizó el modelo de Poisson con variación robusta para determinar la asociación entre las condiciones del trabajo y el consumo de los alimentos. Resultados: En el análisis del modelo multivariado ajustado hubo una asociación significativa entre los hábitos alimentarios y las siguientes variables: el género, la edad, la jornada laboral semanal, el sentimiento sobre el trabajo durante la pandemia, la jornada laboral durante la pandemia y la calidad de la conexión a la internet. Nuestros datos demuestran que las condiciones del trabajo remoto de los docentes están asociadas con un empeoramiento en el consumo de los alimentos. También mostraron que la jornada laboral igual o superior a unas 40 horas semanales, los sentimientos de insatisfacción con las condiciones laborales, el aumento de la jornada laboral y la mala calidad de la conexión a la Internet durante la pandemia fueron variables correlacionadas con el consumo de alimentos no saludables. Conclusiones: Las condiciones del trabajo remoto durante la pandemia influyeron en las elecciones alimentarias de los docentes de la educación básica. Se necesitan más estudios para profundizar en los aspectos relacionados con las condiciones laborales de los docentes y sus implicaciones en la elección de sus alimentos(AU)

Enseñanza de la Anatomía Humana en la Universidad Austral de Chile: Pasado, Presente y Futuro / Teaching of Human Anatomy at the Universidad Austral de Chile: Past, Present and Future

La presente revisión narrativa trata de caracterizar como ha sido el proceso de enseñanza de la anatomía en la Universidad Austral de Chile (UACh), presentando una visión histórica desde los inicios de la Universidad a los tiempos actuales y una reflexión sobre el futuro de la Anatomía Humana. Se describen los orígenes del Instituto de Anatomía de la UACh, primeros académicos, logros institucionales, convenios interinstitucionales; además, se detallan los métodos y estrategias educativas utilizadas en la actualidad para la enseñanza anatómica y se presenta una visión panorámica del porvenir como instituto de docencia e investigación en el campo de la Anatomía humana.

SUMMARY: This narrative review tries to characterize how the anatomy teaching process has been carried out at the Universidad Austral de Chile (UACh), presenting a historical vision from the beginnings of the University to the present time and a reflection on the future of Human Anatomy. The origins of the Human Anatomy Institute at the UACh, first academics, institutional achievements, inter-institutional agreements are described; in addition, the educational methods and strategies currently used for anatomical teaching are detailed and a panoramic vision of the future as a teaching and research institute in the field of human anatomy is presented.

Current situation analysis and suggestions on clinical pharmacy undergraduate internship education in China / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To provide a reference for the improvement of the clinical pharmacy undergraduate internship education in China. METHODS The status of clinical pharmacy undergraduate internship education in China was briefly summarized， and suggestions on its future development based on advanced methods of domestic and abroad were provided. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS In China， undergraduate students of clinical pharmacy were required to undergo hospital internships for no less than 42 weeks. The internship took place in both pharmacy and clinical departments in hospitals. Students’ performance was usually assessed at the end of the internship. The mainstream teaching patterns included on-site teaching， simulation teaching， case-based discussion teaching， medical and pharmaceutical joint teaching， team-based teaching， academic exchange， and so on. The form of assessment had also shifted from final evaluations to more dynamic formats. The clinical pharmacy undergraduate internship education in China can adopt teaching models such as the layered teaching approach， establish pre-internship assessment or training， and encourage interns to participate in social pharmacy practice and directly interact with patients， etc.， so as to improve the effect of internship.

Thinking on ideological and political education in Medical Parasitology teaching / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

With the deepening reform of ideological and political education, Medical Parasitology teaching needs to update the teaching concept, change the teaching ideas, as well as keep trying to combine ideological and political education with the curriculum content closely. In addition to teaching students’ basic knowledge and practical skills, teachers are needed to cultivate their moral literacy and political awareness through course teaching, so as to provide the basis for students’ subsequent adaptations to social environments and jobs. Currently, the study of ideological and political education in Medical Parasitology teaching is still in the exploratory stage. Therefore, colleges and universities need to carry out effective construction of ideological and political education in Medical Parasitology teaching, in order to achieve good teaching outcomes and provide insights into ideological and political education in teaching.

Effects of happy physical education on physical education learning burnout, body shape and mental health of college students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the effects of happy physical education based on constructivism on physical education learning burnout, body shape and mental health of college students, so as to provide a reference for the reform of physical education teaching in universities.@*Methods@#By using cluster sampling method, students from two teaching classes of the 2022 physical badminton elective course were enrolled as the research objects at Shanghai Institute of Commerce and Foreign Languages from September to December 2022. They were randomly divided into experimental group ( n =38) and control group ( n =40) by drawing lots. The control group received routine physical education teaching for 16 weeks, with 2 class hours weekly and 45 minutes per class hour. While the experimental group was given happy physical education based on constructivism, with a teaching process of building a framework, independent exploration, collaborative learning, and effect evaluation. The idea was to integrate Happy Sports into badminton technology and tactical training courses, emphasizing the fun of sports activities, and drawing on various forms of sports games when designing sports activities. Two groups of students were tested for body shape, surveyed with the Physical Education Learning Burnout Scale and Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90). The scores of Physical Education Learning Burnout Scale, body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio, body fat rate and SCL-90 were compared between the two groups by t-test, Chi-square test and Fisher s exact probability test.@*Results@#At the end of the semester, BMI [(21.58±1.59,22.30±1.46)kg/m 2], waist to hip ratio (0.75±0.08, 0.79 ±0.07) and body fat rate [(19.77±2.50)%,(21.02±2.46)%] in experimental group were lower than those in control group ( t= -2.09, -2.35, -2.23, P <0.05). The scores of depression (15.10±3.92,17.24±4.18), improper behaviors (13.60±3.05,15.48± 3.52 ) and low sense of achievement (5.52±1.36,6.54±1.42) and total score of Physical Education Learning Burnout Scale ( 34.22± 7.55,39.26±7.86) in experimental group were lower than those in control group ( t=-2.33, -2.52, -3.24, -2.89, P <0.05). The scores of somatization (16.27±3.75,18.57±4.12), interpersonal sensitivity (14.30±4.57,16.85±4.21), depression (17.02±3.89,19.36±4.28) and anxiety (12.68±3.96,15.32±3.87), and total scores of SCL-90 (127.87±22.54,140.54±25.83) in experimental group were lower than those in control group ( t=-2.57, -2.57, -2.52, -3.00, -2.30, P <0.05).@*Conclusions@#The happy physical education mode based on constructivism can alleviate learning burnout, improve mental health and optimize body shape of college students. Appropriate reforms should be made to the teaching mode of physical education in universities to promote the physical and mental health development of college students.

Using an anatomic model to teach female stress incontinence to gynecologic residents‑in‑training: A prospective cohort study / Philippine Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Background@#Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a complex condition with a multifactorial etiology that makes its concepts challenging to teach. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of simulation-based training (SBT) with an anatomic teaching model in improving the understanding of SUI among gynecologic residents-in-training. @*Objective@#The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of SUI simulation-based teaching in enhancing the learning experience for gynecologic residents-in-training. The secondary objective was to gather feedback from participants with the intent to further enhance existing teaching methodologies.@*Materials and Methods@#This was a descriptive prospective study within a single institution, involving gynecologic residents-in-training. Participants were given an anatomic teaching tool to construct, followed by an SUI lecture. Pre- and posttest Multiple Choice Questions were administered to assess the efficacy of the teaching tool in improving the participants’ understanding of SUI. Frequency and percentages were used to describe the categorical variables, whereas continuous variables were described using mean and standard deviation. Paired t-test was used to compare the pre- and posttest scores. ANOVA was used to compare the pre- and posttest scores of participants by year level. A P < 0.05 is statistically significant. A separate Likert-scale questionnaire, to evaluate changes in participant’s self-assessment on learning, response to teaching content and resources, and overall feedback of the SBT was used.@*Results@#There were 50 gynecologic residents-in-training that were included in the study. The mean posttest score is significantly higher (6.4 vs. 3.48) than the pretest score, with a mean difference of 3.48. The mean posttest score is significantly different between the year levels with a P < 0.05, with senior residents-in-training performing best. Although participants with only gynecologic conferences as SUI reference performed best, the mean pre- and posttest scores were not statistically different with respect to SUI education exposure. With the use of an anatomic SUI model, the number of correct answers for questions pertaining to anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology was consistently higher in the posttest scores as compared to the pretest scores but did not reach statistical significance. The majority of participants strongly agree to recommend the course to a colleague.@*Conclusion@#This study supports the use of simple, low-fidelity physical teaching tools in improving the understanding of SUI in gynecologic residents-in-training. Considering the ease of production, improved test scores, and participants’ enthusiasm, the incorporation of the anatomic teaching tool for its use in SUI education should be encouraged.

Thinking and Research on Aesthetic Education in Medical Ethics Course from the Perspective of Aesthetic Education / 中国医学伦理学

As an important carrier of cultivating people with virtue, curriculum aesthetic education combines aesthetic education with professional courses and general courses, and brings it into the whole process of professional talent cultivation. As the core course of medical humanistic education, Medical Ethics not only has natural affinity with aesthetic education, but also has the functions of emotional aesthetic education, rational aesthetic education and human aesthetic education. Through the analysis of aesthetic education points in Medical Ethics, this paper put forward the implementation path to realize the function of the curriculum aesthetic education: exert aesthetic influence on medical students with the help of aesthetic media, guide medical students’ aesthetic attitude, and then make medical students learn to feel, appreciate beauty through practice and sharing ideas, before or after class, online or offline, so as to contribute to the cultivation of high-quality medical talents with lofty aesthetic pursuit and noble-personality cultivation.

Application of Narrative Education in Nursing Education in China / 中国医学伦理学

In recent years, through the research and practice of narrative education, certain results have been achieved.The application of narrative education has become an inevitable trend. In recent years, through the research and practical development of narrative education, some results have been achieved. In order to make narrative education not only meet the needs of contemporary nursing students, but also conform to the development of today’s nursing field, we should effectively cultivate the narrative ability of nursing professionals and promote effective communication between nurses and patients. Make up for the shortcomings of traditional teaching, and create a teaching model that is in line with the characteristics of Chinese social culture and nursing specialty; Improve the evaluation method and index system to test the effect of narrative education; Strengthening the educational scheme of theoretical knowledge and practical narration; Developing narrative education mode combining with evidence-based nursing in nursing teaching.

Case Study on Deductive Teaching of "Doctor-patient Communication" / 中国医学伦理学

By introducing the connotation of deductive teaching and analyzing the significance of early contact clinical course of "doctor-patient communication", the author reinterpreted the educational concept of deductive teaching combined with the characteristics of medical humanities, and reformed the early contact clinical course of "doctor-patient communication" by introducing deductive teaching method. Taking the early contact clinical course of "doctor-patient communication" of a medical university as an example, the teaching framework was designed to share experience from three aspects: teaching content, teaching process and teaching effect evaluation. At the same time, combined with the characteristics of the course and the needs of students, found out the problems encountered in the teaching process, and put forward constructive opinions and strategies, in order to provide theoretical and practical reference for the teaching of medical humanities course.

Study on the Application Effect of Humanoid Figure Teaching Method in the Improvement of Job Competence and Humanistic Care Ability of Newly Recruited Nurses / 中国医学伦理学

To explore the effects of the humanoid figure teaching method on the improvement of humanistic care and job competence of newly recruited nurses. A total of 72 newly recruited nurses in our hospital were selected as the research objects. The research objects were divided into control group and observation group, with 36 in each group. The control group was taught by traditional nursing methods, and the observation group was taught by the humanoid figure teaching method. The clinical teaching effect, core competence and humanistic care ability were compared between the two groups of newly recruited nurses. The results showed that the newly recruited nurses in the observation group had higher academic performance, nursing ward round scores, teaching satisfaction and patient family satisfaction than the control group (P<0.05). The newly recruited nurses in the observation group were better than the newly recruited nurses in the control group in terms of core competence and humanistic care ability (P<0.05). Therefore, the humanoid figure teaching method can effectively improve the clinical teaching effect of nursing work, enhance the clinical competence and humanistic care ability of newly recruited nurses, which is conducive to the development of clinical teaching and work. The humanoid figure teaching method guides newly recruited nurses from the perspective of "whole person", infiltrate the medical humanistic spirit into clinical nursing work, and provide patients with personalized services with in-depth and humanistic care.

Influencing Factors of Cross-cultural Communication between Medical Professionals and Patients and Ways to Improve Competence / 中国医学伦理学

In order to build a global community of health for all, it is necessary to deeply understand the influencing factors of cross-cultural communication between medical professionals and patients. Factors such as different health beliefs, cultural values and communication mediators influence cross-cultural communication between medical professionals and patients, and then affect the medical satisfaction and treatment compliance. Medical education should adopt the learning concept of constructivism, advocate maintaining a humble cultural attitude, incorporate more patient perspectives and adopt cross-cultural teaching mode to improve the cross-cultural communication competence of medical students and medical staff, so as to establish a relationship based on communication and understanding.

Effectiveness of Multimedia Approaches in Embryology Teaching: A Scoping Review

@#Embryology is a critical subdiscipline in medical education, focusing on human body organ development and providing a foundation for understanding developmental anatomy. However, traditional teaching methods using static 2D graphics in textbooks may hinder students’ comprehension of the complex 3D embryonic growth processes. To address this, multimedia approaches, such as animations, videos, and interactive tools, have been explored for effective embryology education. This scoping review identifies five key elements of successful multimedia teaching in embryology: multimodal integrated instructional content, cognitive load-reduction strategies, cognitive engagement and physical interactivity, learner-controlled multimedia instruction, and development of tacit knowledge. These strategies promote active learning, enhance students’ understanding, and foster critical thinking skills. Future research should focus on evaluating the impact of multimedia approaches on students’ engagement, attitudes, and competency development. Embracing multimedia in embryology education can improve medical students’ clinical understanding and support effective medical practice.

Kajian Rintis Penilaian Literasi Digital: Kesediaan Guru Prasekolah Menggunakan Platform Pembelajaran dalam Talian untuk Pendidikan Pemakanan (A Pilot Study Assessing Digital Literacy: Preschool Teachers’ Readiness to Use Online Learning Platforms in Nutrition Education) / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

@#eToyBox is a learning management system for preschool teachers to improve their health literacy, which ultimately aims to improve children’s obesity-related behaviour. As part of the development process of eToyBox, assessment on digital literacy, acceptance of digitization of education materials, and perceived barriers in adopting online learning is needed. Fifty-four preschool teachers under the Community Development Department (KEMAS) in Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, and Sarawak, who participated in ToyBox Study Malaysia intervention in 2018, took part in this cross-sectional study. An online self-administered questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic background, use of communication tools and media, and teacher’s views on adapting the ToyBox modules to digital education materials. Respondents were contacted, and questionnaire link was shared through WhatsApp messages. Most participants (74.0%) were Malay females aged 31 to 40 years old. Most participants had internet access (94.4%) and owned at least a smart phone, laptop or tablet (94.4%). Participants perceived their computer skills to be average (75.0%). Majority of respondents (65.0%) reported advanced and higher abilities in word processing and email, but only 22.0% in spreadsheet skills. The main barrier to accessing online material was unstable internet connection (74.1%). Most respondents (90.0%) agree that adapting effective modules to online learning will be beneficial for professional development and teaching practices. In conclusion, most participants supported digitizing Toybox Study Malaysia educational content and were comfortable 72 with its implementation via an online learning platform. The findings from this study can advise future development of online learning materials for preschool teachers in Malaysia.

Especialização em Educação Popular em Saúde na Promoção de Territórios Saudáveis e Sustentáveis da Fiocruz: uma análise sob a ótica dos próprios educandos / Specialization in Popular Health Education in the Promotion of Healthy and Sustainable Territories at Fiocruz: an analysis from the students' perspective

RESUMO Este estudo objetivou compreender a experiência do curso de Especialização em Educação Popular em Saúde na Promoção de Territórios Saudáveis e Sustentáveis da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), sob a ótica dos educandos. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa por meio de entrevistas semiestrutu-radas feitas com estudantes do curso (n = 20). Os dados foram interpretados pela análise de conteúdo temática de Bardin. Os resultados compuseram três categorias temáticas: a Pedagogia da Formação, que apresenta a compreensão das estratégias formativas e metodológicas do curso; a Pedagogia do Encontro, que traz as potências que se fizeram no encontro entre as diversidades; a Pedagogia do Movimento, que levanta as implicações do curso para a transformação pessoal e profissional dos participantes. A formação apresentou-se como um potente instrumento de transformação de perspectivas e de práticas, em que o encontro atuou como via de articulação política e de cuidado à saúde.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to understand the experience of the Specialization course in Popular Health Education in the Promotion of Healthy and Sustainable Territories at Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), from the student's perspective. A qualitative research was carried out through semi-structured interviews with students from the course (n = 20). Data were interpreted by Bardin's thematic content analysis. The results comprised three thematic categories: the Pedagogy of Training, which presents the understanding of the training and methodological strategies of the course; the Pedagogy of the Encounter, which brings the powers that have been made in the encounter between diversity; the Pedagogy of Movement, which raises the implications of the course for the personal and professional transformation of the participants. Training presented itself as a powerful instrument for transforming perspectives and practices, in which the meeting acted as a means of political articulation and health care.

Pedagogia do esporte e a Educação Física escolar: possibilidades entre o teaching games for undestanding (TGfU) e o minivoleibol / Sport pedagogy and schollar Physical Education: possibilities between teaching games for understanding (TGfU) and mini volleyball / Pedagogía del deporte y Educación Física escolar: posibilidades entre los juegos didácticos para la comprensión (TGfU) y el mini voleibol

Este texto apresenta reflexões e duas sugestões de aulas sobre o minivoleibol com a utilização do Teaching Games for Understanding, juntamente com as lentes da Pedagogia do Esporte. Consideramos que, por via das mudanças curriculares e que vão em direção ao ensino técnico dos esportes, este trabalho traz ideias de utilização do TGfU para os professores de Educação Física no âmbito escolar, na direção de ampliar os conhecimentos pedagógicos. Observamos que, em cenários que o TGfU foi operado, houve mudança significativa e positiva à aprendizagem dos estudantes. Por fim, as estratégias quanto ao uso do minivoleibol e sua operacionalização devem ser repensados em todos os contextos que estão inclusos pois é evidenciado a melhora no desempenho tático e cognitivo dos participantes.

This text presents reflections and two lesson suggestions about mini volleyball using Teaching Games for Understanding, through the lens of Sport Pedagogy. We consider through curricular changes that move towards technical sports education, this work brings ideas and the use of TGfU to Physical Education teachers in school, in the direction of expanding pedagogical knowledge. We observed that, in scenarios where TGfU was operated, there was a significant and positive change in student learning. Finally, the strategies for the mini volleyball and this operationalization should be reconsidered in all the contexts included, because it is evidence of the tactical and cognitive development.

Este texto presenta reflexiones y dos sugerencias de lecciones sobre mini voleibol utilizando Juegos de Enseñanza para la Comprensión, a través del lente de la Pedagogía Deportiva. Consideramos que, mediante cambios curriculares que avancen hacia la educación técnico deportiva, este trabajo aporta ideas y el uso de TGfU a los profesores de Educación Física en la escuela, en la dirección de ampliar el conocimiento pedagógico. Observamos que, en los escenarios donde se operó TGfU, hubo un cambio significativo y positivo en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Finalmente, las estrategias para el mini voleibol y esta operacionalización deben ser reconsideradas en todos los contextos incluidos, porque es evidencia del desarrollo táctico y cognitivo.

Situation of ophthalmology education in Brazil: supply versus demand / A situação da educação em Oftalmologia no Brasil: oferta versus demanda

ABSTRACT Purpose: The number of medical schools in Brazil has increased in recent years; however, vacancies for specialization in ophthalmology probably have not kept up with the growing demand. This study wants to estimate the increase in medical schools, the demand for ophthalmology specialization, and evaluate learning opportunities in ophthalmology. Methods: This was a retrospective study with research from the Ministry of Education and Brazilian Council of Ophthalmology database from 2002 to 2021. These data were checked through 120 notices published by the institutions in 2021. Results: The number of medical school vacancies increased by 370%, whereas the number of certified ophthalmology vacancies increased by 64%. There was an 11.4% misalignment between the Brazilian Council of Ophthalmology data in the Ministry of Education. Conclusion: The proportion of medical graduates has increased much more than opportunities for ophthalmology specialization. The effect on the search for unaccredited specialization positions is unknown, and policies for monitoring the specialization of ophthalmology vacancies should be established.

RESUMO Objetivo: Nos últimos 20 anos, o número de escolas médicas no Brasil aumentou, mas as vagas para especialização em Oftalmologia não acompanharam a demanda crescente. Este estudo quer estimar a demanda por especialização e avaliar a oferta de oportunidades de aprendizado em Oftalmologia. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico com pesquisa em banco de dados provenientes do Ministério da Educação e Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia. Estes dados foram checados através de 120 editais publicados pelos serviços de Residência em 2021. Resultados: De 2002 a 2021, o número de vagas em faculdades de Medicina aumentou 370%, enquanto o número de vagas certificadas de especialização em Oftalmologia aumentou 64%. Houve um desalinhamento de 11.4% entre os dados do Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia e do Ministério da Educação. Conclusão: A proporção de graduados em Medicina aumentou muito mais do que a oferta de oportunidades de especialização em Oftalmologia, o impacto disto na busca por vagas de especialização não acreditadas é desconhecido, políticas de monitoramento das vagas de especialização em Oftalmologia devem ser estabelecidas.

O ensino de ciências na educação básica: desvendando o sistema nervoso através de cartilhas e mapas mentais / Science teaching in basic education: unveiling the nervous system through primers and mental maps / Enseñanza de ciencias en educación básica: desvelando el sistema nervioso a través de primers y mapas mentales

Objetivo: o estudo visou um relato de experiências entre os autores sobre a tutoria do módulo três durante o curso EAD no ano de 2022. Método: Este curso com atividades síncronas e assíncronas, para professores da educação básica e estudantes de graduação, foi realizado em outubro e novembro, do ano de 2022 e culminou na construção de uma cartilha com mapas mentais, temas e estratégias trabalhados durante o curso comomateriais pedagógicos para o ensino fundamental II. Resultados:A cartilha intitulada: as consequências do consumo de álcool ao sistema nervoso, teve como parceria professores de duas escolas básicas. Esta apresenta informações anatomofisiológicas a respeito do funcionamento do sistema nervoso e o álcool. A temática explica como o funcionamento do sistema nervoso pode ser afetado pelo uso de bebidas alcoólicas; compreensão das alterações causadas ao funcionamento do sistema nervoso pela ingestão de álcool e instrumentalização dos professores com mais um recurso pedagógico. Conclusão:Dessa forma, foi possível a promoção da sensibilização dos estudantes quanto aos aspectos negativos do uso de bebidas alcoólicas. Assim como, prevenção nos jovens quanto ao seuuso indiscriminado, colaborando com a popularização da ciência.

Objective:the study aimed to report experiences between the authors regarding the tutoring of module three during the EAD course in the year 2022. Method:This course with synchronous and asynchronous activities, for basic education teachers and undergraduate students, was carried out in October and November, 2022 and culminated in the construction of a booklet with mental maps, themes and strategies workedon during the course as teaching materials for elementary school II. Results:The booklet entitled: the consequences of alcohol consumption on the nervous system, was partnered with teachers from two basic schools. This presents anatomophysiological information regarding the functioning of the nervous system and alcohol. The theme explains how the functioning of the nervous system can be affected by the use of alcoholic beverages; understanding the changes caused to the functioning of the nervous system byalcohol intake and providing teachers with yet another pedagogical resource. Conclusion:In this way, it was possible to promote student awareness regarding the negative aspects of the use of alcoholic beverages. As well as prevention among young people regarding its indiscriminate use, collaborating with the popularization of science.

Objetivo: el estudio tuvo como objetivo relatar experiencias entre los autores respecto a la tutoría del módulo tres durante el curso EAD en el año 2022. Método: Este curso con actividades sincrónicas y asincrónicas, para docentes de educación básica y estudiantes de pregrado, se realizó en los meses de octubre y noviembre de 2022 y culminó con la construcción de una cartilla con mapas mentales, temáticas y estrategias trabajadas durante el curso como material didáctico para la escuela primaria II. Resultados:El cuadernillo titulado: las consecuencias del consumo de alcohol en el sistema nervioso, fue elaborado en colaboración con docentes de dos escuelas básicas. Presenta información anatomofisiológica sobre el funcionamiento del sistema nervioso y el alcohol. El tema explica cómo el funcionamiento del sistema nervioso puede verse afectado por el uso de bebidas alcohólicas; comprender los cambios que provoca en el funcionamiento del sistema nervioso la ingesta de alcohol y dotar a los docentes de un recurso pedagógico más. Conclusión: De esta manera, fue posible sensibilizar a los estudiantes sobre los aspectos negativos del consumo de alcohol. Así como la prevención entre los jóvenes sobre su uso indiscriminado, contribuyendo a la popularización de la ciencia.