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1.
Subj. procesos cogn ; 26(1): 22-52, ago. 2022.
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1392518

Résumé

La terapia narrativa surge como una propuesta de intervención, debido a que este modelo permite que las personas puedan generar un proceso donde se desarrolle de manera integral lo que han padecido, y, de esa manera, poder resignificarlo; consiguientemente, cada paciente puede, así, superar la experiencia traumática (Ihl y Diaz, 2021). Método: Este trabajo de integración final de diseño teórico de revisión bibliográfica se propuso analizar la posible eficacia de la terapia narrativa como intervención clínica con jóvenes que han sido víctimas del abuso sexual infantil. Síntesis y conclusiones: La terapia narrativa propone un espacio respetuoso, flexible y de contención; se establece un entorno en el que el paciente tiene la oportunidad de contar su experiencia traumática, sin estar obligado a relatarla. Es decir, este abordaje no se enfoca en la exposición del trauma, ni exige que la persona relate la situación de abuso en un momento específico; la terapia narrativa propone trabajar con los efectos y las consecuencias del trauma AU


Narrative therapy emerges as an intervention proposal because this model allows people to generate a process where what they have suffered is developed in an integral way, and, in this way, to resignify it; consequently, each patient can thus overcome the traumatic experience (Ihl & Diaz, 2021). Method: This work offinal integration of theoretical design of bibliographic review was proposed to analyze the possible effectiveness of narrative therapy as a clinical intervention with young people who have been victims of child sexual abuse. Synthesis and conclusions: Narrative therapy proposes a respectful, flexible, and supportive space; an environment is established in which the patient has the opportunity to recount his traumatic experience, without being obliged to recount it. In other words, this approach does not focus on the exposure of the trauma, nor does it require the person to report the situation of abuse at a specific time; Narrative therapy proposes working with the effects and consequences of trauma AU


Sujets)
Humains , Enfant , Violence sexuelle chez l'enfant/thérapie , Thérapie par le récit/méthodes , Psychothérapie , Traumatisme psychologique/thérapie
2.
Investig. desar ; 30(1): 170-197, ene.-jun. 2022. tab, graf
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1385965

Résumé

RESUMEN Este artículo contribuye a las investigaciones y propuestas de intervención cualitativas para mejorar la convivencia y fomentar la paz a través de una metodología emergente que muestra la terapia narrativa. Se partió de un diagnóstico realizado en una escuela primaria de la ciudad de Guadalajara (Jalisco) que cuenta con 340 alumnos, entre 6 y 12 años, donde se evidencia la violencia en dicho plantel, detectada mediante estadística simple, narrativas y dibujos. Efectuamos una propuesta de intervención a partir de un modelo que sugiere la terapia narrativa, denominado "el árbol de la vida", que permitió a niñas y niños tomar un sentido de pertenencia al convivir en paz, manifestando experiencias pedagógicas que promuevan el concepto de comunidad educativa incluyente con valores humanos y esperanzadora, tan necesaria en estos tiempos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue dar cuenta de que educar para la paz y la convivencia es una construcción que se realiza en nuestra vida cotidiana y que la escuela es un espacio ideal para tomar conciencia cultivar y crear desde temprana edad una sociedad constructora de culturas de paz.


ABSTRACT This article supports qualitative research and intervention proposals to improve coexistence and promote peace through an emerging methodology that shows narrative therapy. It was based on a diagnosis made in a primary school in the city of Guadalajara, Jalisco, which has 340 students, between 6 and 12 years old, where violence is evidenced in said campus, detected through simple statistics, narratives and drawings. We made an intervention proposal based on a model that suggests narrative therapy called "the tree of life" that allowed girls and boys to take a sense of belonging by living together in peace, manifesting pedagogical experiences that promote the concept of an inclusive educational community with human and hopeful values, so necessary in these times. The objective of this research was to realize that educating for peace and coexistence is a construction that takes place in our daily lives and that the school is an ideal space, to become aware of cultivating and creating from an early age, a construction society of cultures of peace.


Sujets)
Humains , Établissements scolaires , Femmes , Enfant , Éducation , Étudiants
3.
Pensando fam ; 25(2): 272-284, dez. 2021.
Article Dans Portugais | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1346658

Résumé

Foi investigado, nesse artigo, a forma com que a terapia narrativa, a partir da construção de histórias alternativas, pode estimular a plasticidade neuronal, promovendo mudanças psicológicas e comportamentais. Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica para analisar as contribuições teóricas e práticas da relação entre histórias alternativas e a neuroplasticidade. Foi observado que esta interface tem sido pouco estudada enquanto tema unificado. Na terapia narrativa o terapeuta ajuda o paciente a olhar detalhes até então não percebidos de sua história, trazendo novos estímulos e permitindo ao paciente recontar repetidas vezes sua própria história alternativa. Isso contribui para uma ressignificação de sua história e o desenvolvimento de novos pensamentos e sentimentos, que resultarão em novos comportamentos. A vivência desse processo, ativa a neuroplasticidade do cérebro e cria novas conexões neuronais, gerando mudanças saudáveis e funcionais na vida do paciente.


This work investigates how narrative therapy can stimulate neuroplasticity, with basis on the construction of alternative histories, thus promoting psychological and behavioral changes. A literature review was carried out to analyze the contribution, theoretical and practical, arising from the relationship between neuroplasticity and alternative histories. It was noticed that this interface has been little studied as a unified theme. In narrative therapy, the therapist helps the patient to look at details of his/her history so far unnoticed, bringing new stimuli and allowing the patient to recall his/her alternative history, over and over again. This contributes to a resignification of his/her history and the development of new thoughts and feelings, which will result in behavioral changes. The experience of the process of creating and recalling such alternative history, activates brain’s neuroplasticity, establishing new neural connections and contributing to healthy and functional changes in the patient's life.

4.
Distúrb. comun ; 29(4): 734-748, dez. 2017. ilus
Article Dans Portugais | LILACS | ID: biblio-882313

Résumé

Introdução: O diagnóstico precoce da deficiência auditiva em crianças e a intervenção são determinantes para o desenvolvimento. Uso do AASI; expectativas dos familiares e sua implicação com o tratamento são fatores importantes para o prognóstico. Objetivo: O objetivo foi verificar a efetividade da adesão à reabilitação auditiva, a consistência de uso do AASI, a participação nas terapias e nos grupo na fase inicial do processo terapêutico (ADAPTI), num serviço da Rede Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo. Método: A pesquisa foi realizada em crianças com deficiência auditiva atendidas em um serviço da Rede Municipal, seus responsáveis e terapeutas. Este estudo teve caráter descritivo quanti/qualitativo. Caracterizamos os sujeitos do ponto de vista demográfico, audiológico, da consistência de uso do AASI e da efetividade na adesão. Resultados: As 25 crianças foram organizadas em cinco grupos. Dessas, 13 eram do gênero feminino e 12 do masculino. Vinte e quatro tinham perda auditiva sensorioneural. Uma tinha perda condutiva com AASI adaptado com vibrador ósseo. Dez tinham suspeita/presença de outros comprometimentos. Os classificamos conforme o desfecho do ADAPTI. Diferentes prognósticos interferiram nas orientações, desinteressando os pais com demandas diferentes. Discussão: O grupo de Apoio Familiar (GrAF) foi um facilitador no processo. Grupos mais homogêneos levam maior empatia entre os participantes e maior probabilidade de adesão. A distância e o SII 65 dB são fatores que parecem afetar a adesão. Conclusão: Grupos homogêneos propiciaram maior adesão; As atividades propiciaram discussões que promovem adesão ao tratamento; O GrAF foi considerado um facilitador. A distância e o SII 65 dB parecem afetar a adesão.


Introduction: Early diagnosis of hearing loss in children and intervention, are determinants for the development. Use of hearing aids; Family members' expectations and their implication with treatment are important factors for the prognosis. Objective: This study verified the effectiveness of adherence to rehabilitation, the consistency of the use of hearing aids, participation in the therapies and in the initial phase of the therapeutic process (ADAPTI), in a Municipal Health Service of São Paulo. Method: The research was carried out with hearing impaired children attending a Municipal Health Service, their parents and therapists. This study was quanti/qualitative. We characterize the patients from a demographic, audiological point of view, the consistency of the use of the hearing aids and the effectiveness of adherence. Results: The 25 children were organized into five groups. Of these, 13 were female and 12 male. Twenty four had sensorineural hearing loss. One had conductive loss and the hearing aids were adapted with bone vibrator. Ten had suspicion/presence of other compromises. We classified them according to the ADAPTI outcome. Different prognoses interfered in the orientations, disinterested parents with different demands. Discussion: The group was a facilitator in the process. More homogenous groups lead to greater empathy among participants and greater likelihood of adherence. Distance and SII 65 dB are factors that appear to affect adherence. Conclusion: Homogeneous groups provided greater adhesion; the activities provided discussions that promote adherence to treatment; the group was considered a facilitator. The distance and SII 65 dB seem to affect adhesion.


Introducción: El diagnóstico precoz de lahipoacusia y la intervención son cruciales para el desarrollo. El uso de audífonos; expectativas de la familia y su relación com tratamento son factores importantes para el pronóstico. Objetivo: Verificar la eficacia de la adherencia a la rehabilitación auditiva, el uso de la audición, la participación em la terapia y el grupo al inicio del processo terapéutico (ADAPTI), um servicio de la ciudad de San Pablo de la Salud. Método: El estudio se llevó a cabo em niños com audición asistió a unservicio de la red municipal, sus agentes y los terapeutas. Este estúdio fue cuantitativo/cualitativo. Los sujetos em el punto de vista audiológico demográfica, el uso de la audicióncoherencia y laeficacia de lasayudas de miembros. Resultados: 25 niños se organizaronen cinco grupos. 13 eranmujeres y 12 hombres. 24 tenían una pérdida auditiva neurosensorial. Una perdida conductora con vibrador óseo. Diez habían sospechado/presencia de otros compromisos. Los clasificamos como el resultado de ADAPTI. Diferentes prognósticos han interferido em las directrices, los padres con diferentes demandas. Discusión: El grupo fue un facilitador em el proceso. Grupos más homogéneos tienen una mayor empatía entre los participantes y los más propensos a unirse. La distancia y el SII 65 dB son factores que parecen afectar e lcumplimiento. Conclusión: grupos homogéneos, mostró una mayor adherencia; Las actividades se hanllevado a buenas discusiones; El grupo fue considerado un facilitador. La distancia y el SII 65 dB parecenafectar el cumplimiento.


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Enfant , Correction de la déficience auditive , Ouïe , Aides auditives , Surdité de transmission , Surdité neurosensorielle , Santé publique
5.
Rev. latinoam. psicopatol. fundam ; 20(3): 511-525, jul.-set. 2017.
Article Dans Portugais | LILACS | ID: biblio-902013

Résumé

O modelo narrativo em psicopatologia e psicoterapia, com dinamismo crescente desde a proposta inicial de White e Epston (1990), afirma-se como crítica "discursiva" não somente das categorias de diagnóstico psicopatológico, mas também da assimetria cognitiva e prática na relação psicoterapêutica. Neste artigo, examinamos os fundamentos epistemológicos desse modelo, recorrendo a Michel Foucault para examinar os processos simbólicos de criação narrativa da subjetividade.


The narrative model in psychopathology and psychotherapy, increasing dynamic since the initial proposal of White and Epston (1990), reaffirms itself as a "discursive" critique of psychopathological diagnosis categories, as well as of cognitive and practical asymmetry within the psychotherapeutical relationship. In this paper, we examine the epistemological foundations of this model, turning to Michel Foucault to examine the symbolic processes inherent to the narrative creation of subjectivity.


Le modèle narratif de la psychopathologie et de la psychothérapie, dont le dynamisme s'intensifie depuis White et Epston (1990), s'affirme comme une critique discursive des catégories de diagnostic psychopathologique, ainsi que de l'asymétrie cognitive et de la pratique du rapport psychothérapeutique. Cet article examine les fondements épistémologiques de ce modèle et analyse, avec Michel Foucault, les processus symboliques de la création narrative de la subjectivité.


El modelo narrativo en psicopatología y psicoterapia, con dinamismo creciente a partir de la propuesta inicial de White & Epston (1990), se presenta como crítica discursiva, no sólo de las categorías de diagnóstico psicopatológico, sino también de la asimetría cognitiva y de la práctica en la relación psicoterapéutica. En este artículo, se examinan los fundamentos epistemológicos de este modelo, recurriendo a Michel Foucault los procesos simbólicos de creación narrativa de la subjetividad.


Das narrative Modell der Psychopathologie und Psychotherapie, dessen Dynamik seit White und Epston (1990) zugenommen hat, versteht sich als 'diskursive' Kritik der diagnostischen Kategorien von psychischen Störungen, sowie der kognitiven und praktischen Asymmetrie der therapeutischen Beziehung. In diesem Artikel untersuchen wir die Grundlagen dieses Modells und analysieren, unter Bezugnahme von Michel Foucaults Theorie, die symbolischen Prozesse der narrativen Schaffung von Subjektivität.

6.
Rev. salud pública ; 17(6): 1-1, nov.-dez. 2015. ilus, tab
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS | ID: lil-770918

Résumé

Objetivo Comprender la forma como se configura narrativa y conversacionalmente la experiencia de hipertensión arterial en la relación que establecen paciente, familia, médicos, e investigadores interventores y su reconfiguración en contextos de ayuda que faciliten la emergencia de relatos generadores de bienestar. Metodología Investigación cualitativa, con diseño narrativo-conversacional, reflexivo y contextual. Participaron un paciente con diagnóstico de hipertensión arterial, su familia, una psicóloga y dos médicos. Los métodos de construcción de la información fueron: encuentros conversacionales dialógicos y revisión de literatura. Para la interpretación de los resultados se utilizaron los análisis narrativo y conversacional. Resultados En la construcción de la experiencia de hipertensión arterial no se tienen en cuenta aspectos importantes como: la solicitud de escucha, la demanda de vinculación afectiva, la vivencia de enfermedad y en este caso la vejez, en relación con la vida cotidiana. En este contexto, se configuran formas de relación que facilitan que los acontecimientos asociados a la enfermedad sean vividos desde el malestar o sufrimiento. La conversación generativa con todos los actores, posibilita la construcción de espacios dialógicos-reflexivos que brindan la oportunidad de reconfigurar las relaciones y la experiencia. Conclusiones La construcción de contextos de ayuda en los que es posible hablar y escuchar acerca de los aspectos que evitan las familias y que no escuchan los médicos, facilita la reconfiguración de la experiencia de enfermedad.(AU)


Objective To understand how the narrative and conversational experience of arterial hypertension is configured in the relationships established among patients, family members, physicians and researchers-auditors, placing the illness in a care context to facilitate the dissemination of wellbeing narratives. Method Qualitative research with reflective and contextual conversational-narrative design, which involveda patient diagnosed with hypertension, his family and two doctors. The methods of constructing information was semi structured interviews, reflective observation and literature review. The systematization of information was carried out using frameworks designed for that purpose. For the interpretation of results, narrative and conversational analyses were used. Results In the process of constructing the experience of hypertension by family members or the physician, important aspects are not taken into account such as: the listening request, a demand for bonding, the experience of illness and in this case, the daily experience of old age. In this context, these kinds of relationships can lead to discomfort and suffering in the patient's experience of the illness. The conversation generated by all stakeholders enables the construction of dialogic-reflexive spaces that provide an opportunity to reshape relationships and experience of illness Conclusions The construction of contexts of care where one can talk and hear about issues without families and doctors facilitates the reconfiguration of the experience of illness, allowing for the inclusion of family and physicians in the generation of conversational-narrative positions. This implies personal and collective agency in order to mobilize and organize the resources they have, consistent with the patient's age and diagnosis.(AU)


Sujets)
Relations familiales/psychologie , Hypertension artérielle/physiopathologie , Événements de vie , Colombie , Recherche qualitative
7.
Ter. psicol ; 31(1): 115-125, Apr. 2013.
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS | ID: lil-671295

Résumé

La psicología positiva estudia el funcionamiento óptimo de las personas, utiliza el método científico para investigar las experiencias, rasgos e instituciones positivas. Las terapias "constructivas", que incluyen la terapia centrada en soluciones, la narrativa y la colaborativa, se centran en construir sobre las excepciones a los problemas, indagan sobre las fortalezas y recursos de los clientes y parten de la base de que las personas quieren tener buenas relaciones y vidas plenas. Este artículo plantea por qué y cómo, a pesar de provenir de tradiciones intelectuales diferentes, la psicología positiva y las terapias constructivas pueden integrarse y enriquecerse mutuamente en la práctica terapéutica.


Positive psychology studies people's optimal functioning. It uses the scientific method to research positive experiences, traits and institutions. "Constructive therapies" include solution focused, narrative and collaborative therapies. These approaches focus on building upon exceptions to problems, inquire about clients' strengths and resources and are based on the premise that people want to have good relationships and full lives. This article discusses why and how positive psychology and constructive therapies, despite coming from different intellectual traditions, can enrich each other and be integrated in clinical work.


Sujets)
Humains , Psychologie , Psychothérapie/méthodes , Satisfaction personnelle , Comportement coopératif , Bonheur , Relations interpersonnelles
8.
Psicol. clín ; 24(1): 193-207, 2012.
Article Dans Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-643077

Résumé

Considerando a escassez de estudos sobre o uso de cartas terapêuticas na literatura nacional, este artigo busca promover o debate sobre as suas potencialidades. Assim, apresentamos as cartas terapêuticas como um recurso para a prática clínica, sendo entendidas, ao mesmo tempo, como uma forma de documentação e de intervenção terapêutica. A partir de uma revisão da literatura, contextualizamos o desenvolvimento das cartas terapêuticas na clínica, explicitando sua história, usos e funções. Seguindo uma perspectiva narrativa, descrevemos as definições, tipos, princípios gerais e recomendações práticas para a redação de cartas pelos terapeutas. Finalizando, enfatizamos a importância de uma prática epistemologicamente orientada e a necessidade de uma análise das implicações do uso das cartas no contexto brasileiro.


Considering the scarcity of studies about the use of therapeutic letters in the national literature, this article seeks to promote the debate on its potential. Thus, we present the therapeutic letters as a resource for clinical practice, which is understood, at the same time, as a form of documentation and a therapeutic intervention. From a review of the literature, we contextualize the development of the therapeutic letter in clinical settings, explaining its history, uses and functions. Based on a narrative perspective, we describe the definitions, types, general principles and practical recommendations for the letter-writing by therapists. Finally, we emphasize the importance of an epistemologically oriented practice, and the need for an analysis of the implications of the use of letters in the Brazilian context.


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Pratique factuelle , Narration , Thérapeutique/psychologie
9.
Ter. psicol ; 29(2): 175-183, dic. 2011. tab
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS | ID: lil-612257

Résumé

Esta investigación evalúa un programa grupal narrativo para la prevención de sintomatología postraumática y otras variables asociadas en mujeres recientemente diagnosticadas con cáncer de mama. Para ello se seleccionó a 32 mujeres diagnosticadas en los Hospitales Higueras de Talcahuano y Regional de Concepción; 14 de ellas fueron asignadas al grupo experimental y 18 al grupo control. Los resultados indican que el programa fue efectivo en la reducción de la sintomatología postraumática, sintomatología depresiva y sintomatología somática. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la variable autoestima. Los puntajes obtenidos en sintomatología postraumática seguían descendiendo a los tres meses de seguimiento. Se analizan alcances y limitaciones de este estudio.


This study evaluates a group program narrative for the prevention of post-traumatic symptomatology and other associate variables in women recently diagnosed with breast cancer. 32 women diagnosed with this pathology in two Hospitals: Higueras of Talcahuano and Regional of Concepción were selected; 14 of them were assigned to experimental group and 18 to the control group. Results indicate that the program was effective in the reduction of the post-traumatic, depressive and somatic symptomatology. There were not significant differences in the self-esteem variable. The scores obtained in post-traumatic symptomatology continued descending three months follow up. The reaches and limitations of this study are analyzed.


Sujets)
Humains , Adulte , Femelle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Narration , Tumeurs du sein/psychologie , Troubles de stress post-traumatique/prévention et contrôle , Événements de vie , Adaptation psychologique , Études de suivi , Facteurs socioéconomiques , Tumeurs du sein/thérapie , Psychothérapie de groupe , Enquêtes et questionnaires , Troubles de stress post-traumatique/étiologie
10.
Ter. psicol ; 28(1): 85-93, jul. 2010. tab
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS | ID: lil-577543

Résumé

Tras el terremoto y tsunami que afectaron a la zona centro sur de Chile el 27 de febrero de 2010, se hace necesario anticipar las consecuencias psicológicas que este tipo de desastres provoca en la población. El presente trabajo revisa los resultados de distintos estudios a nivel mundial a fin de conocer estas consecuencias, centrándose principalmente en el Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático [TEPT], sus características particulares, prevalencia, factores de riesgo e intervenciones utilizadas para su prevención y tratamiento. A continuación, se propone un modelo de intervención narrativa, enriquecido por los aportes de los estudios sobre expresión emocional y apoyo social en la prevención de este trastorno. Esta propuesta se ha probado anteriormente con éxito para la prevención del TEPT y sintomatología asociada en mujeres con cáncer de mama.


After the earthquake and tsunami that struck the south-central Chile on February 27, 2010, it is necessary to anticipate the psychological consequences of disasters such causes in the population. This paper reviews the results of various studies worldwide in order to understand these consequences, focusing mainly on posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD], their characteristics, prevalence, risk factors and interventions used for prevention and treatment. Then, we propose a model of narrative intervention, enriched by the contributions of studies on emotional expression and social support in the prevention of this disorder. This proposal has been tried before successfully for the prevention of PTSD and associated symptoms in women with breast cancer.


Sujets)
Humains , Narration , Psychothérapie/méthodes , Survivants/psychologie , Tremblements de terre , Troubles de stress post-traumatique/prévention et contrôle , Soutien social , Chili , Catastrophes naturelles
11.
Psicol. clín ; 22(1): 125-140, jun. 2010.
Article Dans Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-557260

Résumé

Este estudo de caso visa compreender o processo de mudança de uma pessoa em psicoterapia de grupo a partir de uma perspectiva narrativa. A observação participante e a análise dos registros das doze sessões de um grupo de curto prazo permitiram investigar episódios e intervenções terapêuticas que contribuíram para a construção de uma narrativa em que a pessoa se descrevia com uma maior autonomia em sua vida, superando a narrativa anterior saturada pelo problema. Entendemos que os recursos propostos pela perspectiva narrativa, tais como a identificação de acontecimentos extraordinários, a externalização do problema e o fortalecimento das narrativas de enfrentamento ajudaram a construir novos sentidos por meio da criação de um espaço dialógico no contexto grupal. Apesar da fertilidade da aproximação das propostas narrativas ao campo grupal, as reflexões realizadas apontaram ainda alguns desafios a serem enfrentados.


This case study aims to understand the change process of a person in group psychotherapy, from a narrative perspective. Participant observation and an analysis of the notes of twelve sessions of a short-term group allowed us to investigate episodes and therapeutic interventions that had contributed to the construction of a narrative in which the person self-described as more autonomous, surpassing the previous narrative saturated by the problem. It was observed that narrative resources such as, the identification of unique outcomes, externalizing the problem and the reinforcement of confrontational narratives have helped to construct new meanings through the creation of a dialogical space in the group context. In spite of the fertility of the use of narrative proposals in the group field, our reflections pointed out some challenges to be faced in this approach.


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Adulte , Psychothérapie de groupe , Thérapeutique/psychologie
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