Résumé
Resumo: Em 2001, o Governo Federal instalou o Cadastro Único, banco nacional de dados de famílias pobres. Um membro da família comparece a um CRAS, ou similar, e realiza o cadastro. Está em curso o uso de aplicativo que permita ao cidadão cadastrar-se de modo remoto. Essa alteração, nominada de robotização, tem gerado fortes debates. Este artigo insere no debate argumentos sobre as funcionalidades do CadÚnico, relativos a direitos de cidadania e à gestão de políticas sociais.
Abstract: In 2001, the Federal Government installed the Cadastro Único, a national database of poor families. A family member comes to a CRAS, or similar, and performs the registration. The use of an application that allows citizens to register remotely is in progress. This change, called robotization, has generated strong debates. This article inserts into the debate arguments about the features of CadÚnico, related to citizenship rights and the management of social policies.
Résumé
Resumen El artículo centra su atención en el enfoque de las capacidades y desarrollo humano. Postura teórica y metodológica para analizar la vida de personas que participan del programa de superación de la pobreza extrema de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. El objetivo del artículo es identificar las dimensiones importantes para la vida de las personas, coherentes con los logros, oportunidades, privaciones y expectativas que tienen en la vida. Se realizan entrevistas a profundidad y grupos focales a los integrantes del programa de superación de la pobreza. Los resultados muestran que asuntos como sentirse seguro, estar saludable, tener educación, participar de redes familiares y la oportunidad de tener un empleo, son los principales aspectos que valoran las personas entrevistadas. Códigos JEL: I38.
Abstract The paper used the capability and human development approach. Theoretical framework to analyze the lives of people whom participating in the program to overcome extreme poverty in the city of Medellín, Colombia. The aim of this paper is to identify the main dimensions that people value and have reason to value; then we evaluated their achievements, opportunities, deprivations and expectations. The methodology used were in-depth interviews and focus groups. The results show that issues such as shelter -an important resource that provide safety and dignity-, being healthy and education, the participation of family networks and job opportunities, are the main aspects valued by the interviewees. JEL classification: I38.
Resumo O artigo enfoca a abordagem do desenvolvimento humano e das capacidades. Posição teórica e metodológica para analisar a vida das pessoas que participam do programa de superação da pobreza extrema na cidade de Medellín, Colombia. O objetivo do artigo é identificar as dimensões importantes para a vida das pessoas, coerentes com as conquistas, oportunidades, privações e expectativas que têm na vida. Entrevistas em profundidade e grupos focais são realizadas para os membros do programa para superar a pobreza. Os resultados mostram que questões como sentir-se seguro, ser saudável, ter uma educação, participar de redes familiares e a oportunidade de ter um emprego são os principais aspectos que as pessoas entrevistaram valor. Classificações JEL: I38.
Résumé
Este artigo versa sobre a prática de extermínio de jovens pobres e negros, com baixa escolaridade, moradores das periferias urbanas brasileiras, em uma análise da biopolítica em Foucault. O crescente e massivo genocídio desse grupo, somado ao aumento do contingente de aprisionamento dessa população, assinala que o Brasil optou por duas táticas de segurança em defesa social contra um suposto inimigo penal: cadeia e caixão. Interrogar essa realidade e colocá-la em questão é uma inquietação de quem atua com pesquisas em direitos a serem garantidos e protegidos. A crítica à militarização do cotidiano e às subjetividades baseadas no medo e na insegurança deve ser uma pauta da Psicologia, na formação, na extensão, na pesquisa e na publicação.
This article deals with the practice of extermination of poor young people and blacks, with low schooling, residents of suburbs Brazilian, in an analysis biopolitics, in Foucault. The growing and massive genocide of this group plus the increase in the quota for trapping this population notes that Brazil has opted for two tactics of security, in social defense against an alleged criminal enemy, chain and coffin Ask this reality and put it in question is a concern for anyone who works with research social rights to be guaranteed and protected. The criticism of the militarization of everyday life and the subjectivities based on fear and insecurity must be an agenda of Psychology in the areas of education and training, extension, research and publication.
En este artículo se refiere a la práctica de la exterminación de los jóvenes pobres y negros, con baja escolaridad, los residentes de los suburbios brasileños, en un análisis de la biopolítica, en Foucault. La creciente y genocidio en gran escala de este grupo y el aumento de la cuota de captura esta población observa que el Brasil ha optado por dos tácticas de seguridad, de defensa social contra un presunto delincuente enemigo, cadena y ataúd preguntar a esta realidad y se la pone en cuestión es una preocupación para cualquier persona que trabaja en la investigación que se les garanticen los derechos y la protección. Las críticas a la militarización de la vida cotidiana y las subjetividades basadas en el miedo y la inseguridad debe ser un programa de psicología en las áreas de educación y capacitación, extensión, investigación y publicación.
Sujets)
Pauvreté , Adolescent , , Psychologie sociale , Problèmes sociaux , Violence , Zones de pauvreté , Discrimination socialeRésumé
Objective To investigate the relationship between plasma homocysteine on admission and the outcome at discharge of acute ischemic stroke.Methods A non-concurrent cohort study was performed and a total of 1 3 1 9 patients with acute is-chemic stroke were continuously included in this study.According to tertile range of plasma homocysteine,patients were di-vided into three group.Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the independent association between plasma homocys-teine on admission and poor outcome at discharge of acute ischemic stroke.Results The difference of plasma homocysteine on admission between the poor outcome and those with good outcome had statistical significance (P<0.000 1).Without the adj ustment of multiple factors,when comparing to the first group,the second and third tertile seemed to have a tendency of increasing the risk of poor outcome at discharge,the OR (95%CI)was 2.111 (1.297~3.437,P<0.05),2.113 (1.361~3.279,P<0.05).After adjustment for multivariate,the second and third tertile also seemed to have a tendency of increasing the risk of poor outcome at discharge,the OR (95%CI)was 1.876 (1.160~3.036,P<0.05),2.396 (1.414~4.062,P<0.05).Conclusion The current study indicated that higher plasma homocysteine level was an independent risk factor for poor outcome at discharge in ischemic stroke patients.It would increase the risk of the outcome at discharge in patients with acute ischemic stroke,and suggests that there is a dose-response relationship between plasma homocysteine level on admis-sion and the poor outcome at discharge.
Résumé
With the changes in the social structure of China, medical aid to the poor has become a hot issue in our society. The authors analyze the current state of medical aid to the poor in China, disenss the difficulties in providing medical aid to the poor at present, and put forward the idea of providing medical aid to the poor through specifying aid funds, conducting fundraising in every way, establishing foundations, adopting a variety of aid patterns, obtaining the active cooperation of local hospitals, and coordinating aid organizations.
Résumé
Objective To estimate the cost of community medical aid programs for the urban poor in Shenyang, Chengdu, Xining and Yinchuan so as to provide the primary basis for improving the compensation mechanisms for such programs. Methods A survey was made on the cost consumption of six major categories in the course of health service delivery and the amount of various community health services actually delivered by the pilot community health service institutions in 2003. The cost of each service program was estimated and then the cost of medical aid programs for the urban poor was estimated. Results The per capita cost of the medical aid programs for the poor in the cities was less than 5 yuan and the total cost of the medical aid programs accounted mostly for 0.05‰ or so of the financial expenditure of each of the cities. Conclusion The government ought to make rational compensation for community medical aid programs, the cost of which is low. Setting up community health service based mechanisms of medical aid for the poor conforms to the actual condition of our country.
Résumé
The poor population suffers high disease-related economic risk,while holds weak anti-risk capacity,thus is easy to be in the vicious circle of disease-poorness-disease.For many years,disease-related economic risk of the poor remained unsolved,as a result of insufficient health resource and limited medical security capacity.It concludes that the establishment of a medical security system,with joint sharing of risks in bearing the burden of medical expenses,could be a fundamental solution to the disease-related economic risk of poor population.