Résumé
Objective:To evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis, Roux-en-Y anastomosis and Billroth Ⅱ plus Braun anastomosis in laparoscopic-assisted distal gastrectomy for distal gastric cancer.Methods:In the retrospective cohort study, 71 cases of laparoscopic-assisted distal gastrectomy for distal gastric cancer from May 2016 to October 2019 in Tangshan Union Medical College Hospital were selected as the study subject. According to the different reconstruction methods of digestive tract, they were divided into: non disconnected Roux-en-Y anastomosis group (Uncut RY group, 29 cases); Roux-en-Y anastomosis group (RY group, 24 cases); Billroth Ⅱ-braun anastomosis group (B Ⅱ-Braun group, 18 cases). The operation time, digestive tract reconstruction time, intraoperative blood loss, the time to flatus, length of hospital stay, incidence of complication and the changes of nutritional index 1 year after surgery were observed. SPSS 18.0 software was used process the data, the measurement data conforming to normal distribution by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was expressed by xˉ± s deviation, the measurement data dose not meet the normal distribution was expressed by the median (interquartile range) ( M( Q1, Q3)).Analysis of variance was used to compare the measurement data of normal distribution; Nonparametric rank sum test was used for the comparison between measurement data groups with non normal distribution; Count data were expressed in cases (%), and χ 2 test or Fisher exact probability method was used for composition comparison between groups. Results:In Uncut group, RY group and B Ⅱ-Braun group, the operation time were (196.0±28.8) min, (201.0±28.5) min and (186.4±26.1) min, respectively, the digestive tract reconstruction time were (56.2±13.9) min, (57.8±12.9) min and (51.5±10.0) min, respectively,the intraoperative blood loss were (285.2±85.4) mL, (280.1±78.4) mL and (273.3±79.6) mL, respectively, the time to flatus were (52.5±14.4) h,(53.9±14.6) h and (46.2±9.4) h, respectively, the length of hospital stay were (12.6±2.8) d, (12.1±3.0) d and (12.8±2.6) d, respectively, there were no significant differences among the three groups ( F values were 1.41, 1.33, 0.12, 1.89 and 0.35, respectively; P values were 0.251, 0.271, 0.890, 0.158 and 0.709, respectively). Postoperative complications in Uncut group, RY group and BⅡ-Braun group: The number of cases of anastomotic leakage was 0, 1 and 1, respectively. The number of cases of abdominal bleeding was 1, 1 and 0, respectively. The number of cases of bile reflux gastritis was 2, 1 and 5, respectively, and the number of cases of anastomotic ulcer was 0, 0 and 1, respectively. There were no significant differences among the three groups (Fisher's exact test, P values were 0.510,1.000, 0.063 and 0.254, respectively). The number of cases of Roux-en-Y retention syndrome was 0, 6 and 0, respectively. There were significant differences among the three groups (Fisher's exact test, P=0.001). Nutritional index: the weight loss were 4.00 (2.00, 5.50) kg, 3.00 (1.25,4.75) kg and 3.00 (1.75,4.25) kg respectively, decreases of hemoglobin level were (5.62±8.20) g/L, (6.63±6.84) g/L and(5.33±7.79) g/L, respectively, decreases of albumin level were 1.00 (-2.50, 7.00) g/L, 3.00 (-1.25, 6.75) g/L and 6.00 (-3.25,7.50) g/L, respectively. There were no significant differences among the three groups (Statistic value were χ 2=1.42, F=0.18 and χ 2=2.43, respectively, P values were 0.492,0.839 and 0.297, respectively). Conclusion:As a digestive tract reconstruction method for radical resection of distal gastric cancer, uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis can reduce the incidence of Roux-en-Y retention syndrome without increasing the operation risk and affecting the postoperative nutritional status. It is a safe and feasible gastrointestinal tract reconstruction method.
Résumé
Objective:To investigate the effect of uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis in laparoscopic assisted radical gastrectomy for distal gastric cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 53 patients with distal gastric cancer treated by surgery in Tangshan Union Medical College Hospital from May 2016 to October 2019 were analyzed retrospectively.The operation method was laparoscopic assisted radical gastrectomy for distal gastric cancer.The anastomosis methods were uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis in 29 cases (uncut group) and Roux-en-Y anastomosis in 24 cases (traditional group). The operation time, digestive tract reconstruction time, the time to flatus, length of hospital stay, incidence of complication and one year followed up results were compared between the two groups.Results:The operation time was (196.0±28.8) min, anastomotic time was (56.1±13.8) min, postoperative exhaust time was (52.5±14.4) h, postoperative hospital stay was (12.5±2.8) d in the uncut group, and (201.0±28.5) min, (57.8±12.9) min, (53.9±14.6) h, (12.0±3.0) d in the traditional group.There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P values were 0.534, 0.664, 0.717 and 0.557, respectively). Postoperative complications: anastomotic leakage was 0(0/29), abdominal bleeding was 3.4% (1/29), alkaline reflux gastritis was 6.9% (2/29) in the uncut group and 4.2% (1/24), 4.2% (1/24) and 4.2% (1/24) in the traditional group respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P values were 0.453, 1.000 and 1.000, respectively). The incidence of Roux-en-Y stasis syndrome was 0 (0/29) in the uncut group and 25.0% (6/24) in the traditional group.There was significant difference between the two groups ( P=0.006). One case in the uncut group was found recanalization 8 months after operation, the patient underwent reoperation, the method of anastomosis was changed to traditional Roux-en-Y anastomosis.The patient′s symptoms of reflux and hearburn improved significantly after operation. Conclusion:As a digestive tract reconstruction method for radical gastrectomy of distal gastric cancer, uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis is safe and feasible, and can avoid Roux-en-Y stasis syndrome.
Résumé
Objective To investigate the application value of different digestive tract reconstruction methods in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LDG).Methods The retrospective cohort study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 164 with early gastric cancer (GC) who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University between June 2010 and April 2015 were collected.Of 164 patients undergoing LDG,45 receiving Billroth Ⅰ (B Ⅰ) anastomosis,39 receiving Billroth Ⅱ (B Ⅱ) anastomosis,44 receiving Roux-en-Y anastomosis and 36 receiving uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis were allocated into the B Ⅰ group,B Ⅱ group,RY group and uncut RY group,respectively.Observation indicators:(1) surgical and postoperative recovery situations;(2) postoperative short-term complications situations;(3) follow-up situations.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect postoperative nutriology and long-term complications up to May 2017.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as x±s.Comparison among groups was analyzed using the ANOVA,and pairwise comparisons were done by the Tukey hsd test.Count data were described as the frequency and percentage,and comparisons among groups were analyzed the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability.Ordinal data were analyzed by the Kruskal Wallis test.Results (1) Surgical and postoperative recovery situations:patients in 4 groups underwent successfully LDG.Cases undergoing total LDG and assisted LDG and digestive tract reconstruction time in the B Ⅰ,B Ⅱ,RY and uncut RRY groups were respectively 0,29,13,15 and 45,10,31,21 and (42±7)minutes,(55±8)minutes,(64±8)minutes,(51±6) minutes,with statistically significant differences among 4 groups (x2 =21.628,F=74.441,P＜0.05).(2)Postoperative short-term complications situations:2,2,3 and 1 patients in the B Ⅰ,B Ⅱ,Roux-en-Y and uncut Roux-en-Y groups had respectively postoperative short-term complications,showing no statistically significant difference among 4 groups (x2 =0.840,P＞0.05).(3) Follow-up situations:all patients were followed up,and follow-up time in the B Ⅰ,B Ⅱ,RY and uncut RY groups were respectively (10.8 ± 3.5) months,(10.9 ±3.4)months,(11.3±3.2) months and (11.2±2.2) months,with no statistically significant difference among 4 groups (F=0.200,P＞0.05).① Comparisons of postoperative 1-year nutritional indexes:rates of changes in body mass index (BMI),hemoglobin (Hb),total protein (TP) and albumin were respectively 93％±7％,91％±7％,90％±7％,90％±9％ and 94％±9％,97％±11％,95％±9％,97％±9％ and 101％±9％,99％±7％,98％±7％,99％±7％ and 101％±10％,103％±7％,100％±10％,103％±9％ in the B Ⅰ,B Ⅱ1,RY and uncut RY groups,showing no statistically significant difference among 4 groups (F=1.182,0.724,1.050,0.971,P＞0.05).②)Of 164 patients within 1 year postoperatively,47 were complicated with gastric retention (27,12,6 and 2 with severity in grade 1,2,3 and 4),87 with residual gastritis (53,24,10 and 0 with severity in grade 1,2,3 and 4),and 38 with bile reflux (severity in grade 1).Of 38 patients with bile reflux,33 were combined with residual gastritis,showing a correlation between residual gastritis and bile reflux (r=0.396,P＜0.05).Cases with gastric retention,residual gastritis and bile reflux within 1 year postoperatively were respectively 16,9,21,1and 35,30,13,9 and 16,18,3,1 in the B Ⅰ,B Ⅱ],RY and uncut RY groups,showing statistically significant differences among 4 groups (x2 =21.261,41.103,30.469,P＜ 0.05).There were statistically significant differences in gastric retention occurrence between uncut RY group and B Ⅰ group or B Ⅱ group or RY group (x2 =12.958,6.675,20.065,P＜0.05),and in residual gastritis occurrence between RY group and B Ⅰ group or B Ⅱ group (x2 =20.831,18.587,P＜0.05) and between uncut RY group and B Ⅰ group or B Ⅱ group (x2 =22.452,20.220,P＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences in bile reflux occurrence between RY group and B Ⅰ group or B Ⅱ group (x2 =10.942,16.926,P＜0.05),and between uncut RY group and B Ⅰ group or B Ⅱ group (x2 =12.958,18.620,P＜0.05).Conclusion Roux-en-Y and uncut Roux-en-Y anastomoses are superior to B Ⅰ and B Ⅱ anastomoses in improving residual gastritis and bile reflux in the postoperative digestive tract reconstruction of LDG,and uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis can effectively reduce occurrence of postoperative gastric retention.
Résumé
Digestive tract reconstruction is an important part of gastric carcinoma operation as well as tumor resection and lymph node dissection.Surgeons are seeking the optimal reconstruction method that reduces the occurrence of complications and maintains better quality of postoperative life extremely.Uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis is a modified procedure in which an artificial jejunal occlusion is devised to avoid Roux stasis syndrome based on Billroth Ⅱ and Braun's anastomosis.Compared to the conventional Roux-en-Y anastomosis,the uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis retains the advantage of preventing biliary and pancreatic secretions reflux,furthermore,it can decrease the symptoms associated with Roux stasis owing to the abnormal myoelectrical conduction of Roux limb.Because the early studies indicated that there was higher incidence of dehiscence or recanalization of the jejunal occlusion,the uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis has not been widely applied.Since jejunal occlusion has been optimized recently,the uncut Roux-en-Y reconstruction may be an optional and appropriate method of digestive tract reconstruction after distal gastrectomy.
Résumé
Objective To investigate the application and clinical effect of uncut Roux-en-Y (uncut RY) anastomosis in laparoscopic distal radical gastrectomy of gastric cancer.Methods The retrospective crosssectional study was adopted.The clinical data of 23 patients with gastric cancer who were admitted to the Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital from December 2014 to July 2015 were collected.All the 23 patients underwent laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) and total laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (TLDG) according to the individual situations.The indexes of observation were collected,including (1) intraoperative indexes:operation time,uncut RY anastomosis time and volume of inraoperative blood loss,(2) postoperative indexes:time to anal exsufflation,time for initial water intake,time for semi-fluid diet intake,time for out-off-bed activity,duration of hospital stay,occurrence of complications and results of pathological examination,(3) results of follow-up.The follow-up was performed by outpatient examination and telephone interview up to November 2015,including postoperative discomfort after diet intake,barium meal examination of gastrointestinal tract at postoperative month 1 (anas-tomotic stenosis,recanalization and dehiscence of occlusion),detecting situations of gastric remnant and anas-tomotic stoma at postoperative month 3 by gastroscopy and occurrence of gastrointestinal obstruction.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as x ± s.Results (1) Intraoperative situations:all the 23 patients underwent successful uncut RY anastomosis,including 18 receiving LADG and 5 receiving TLDG.The operation time,uncut RY anastomosis time and volume of intraoperative blood loss were (165.9 ± 11.6) minutes,(18.2 ± 2.2) minutes,(48 ± 6) mL in all the 23 patients and (172.0 ± 8.5) minutes,(26.6 ± 1.5) minutes,(46 ± 4) mL in 5 patients with TLDG,respectively.Two patients received hemostatic treatment using suture and hemostatic forceps due to anastomotic bleeding.(2) Postoperative situations:time to anal exsufflation,time for initial water intake,time for semi-fluid diet intake,time for out-off-bed activity,duration of hospital stay and incidence of complications in all the 23 patients were (2.2 ± 0.4) days,(2.7 ± 0.4) days,(3.5 ± 0.4) days,(2.7 ± 0.3) days,(10.6 ± 1.4) days and 8.7％ (2/23),respectively.No patient was dead in the perioperative period.Two patients complicated with incisional infection and high fever were cured by symptomatic treatment,without occurrence of anastomotic leakage,bleeding and anastomotic-related complications.All the patients received postoperative barium meal examination of upper gastrointestinal tract,with unblocked anastomotic stoma and without leakage of barium meal.Diameter of tumor and number of lymph node dissected were (3.2 ± 1.2) cm and 30 ± 4,with negative upper and lower resection margins.Numbers of patients with tumor differentiation,T stage,N stage and TNM stage were 12 and 11 in differentiated and undifferentiated tumors,1,9 and 13 in T1,T2 and T3 stages,9,11 and 3 in N0,N1and N2 stages,1,4,9,6 and 3 in Ⅰ a,Ⅰ b,Ⅱ,Ⅲ a and Ⅲ b stages,respectively.(3) All the 23 patients were followed up by outpatient examination for 3-11 months.One patient had discomfort in upper abdomen with vomiting at postoperative week 3,and no anastomotic leakage,bleeding and anastomotic-related complications were occurred in other patients.Conclusion As a modified anastomotic method,uncut RY anastomosis is safe and feasible,and it is also an ideal method of digestive tract reconstruction after laparoscopic distal radical gastrectomy.