Effects of Stair Climbing on Blood Pressure, Lipid Profiles, and Physical Fitness / 대한스포츠의학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to identify the effects of worker's stair-climbing on blood pressure, lipid profiles, and physical fitness. METHODS: After recruiting 114 healthy adult women aged 20 to 64 years who have had sedentary for more than 3 months, we divided into two groups: the stair group (SG, n=57) and control group (CG, n=57). SG was supposed to do stair-climbing in daily life like workplace and home for 12 weeks. To investigate the effects of the lifestyle changing of stair-climbing, resting blood pressure, heart rate (HR), and lipid profiles were measured before and after 12-week stair-climbing. Also, physical fitness items such as peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), back muscle strength, sit and reach, isokinetic strength of knee joint, static and dynamic balance were measured. RESULTS: As a result of the 12-week lifestyle changing of stair-climbing, resting systolic blood pressure (SBP; p < 0.05) and HR (p < 0.01) were significantly decreased in SG. Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) was significantly reduced in SG (p < 0.05). There was a significant improvement in the VO2peak (p < 0.001). There were a significant improvement in back strength (p < 0.001) and bilateral knee extensor (60°/sec: p < 0.05, p < 0.01, 180°/sec: p < 0.01, p < 0.01) and knee flexor (180°/sec: p < 0.01, p < 0.05) of isokinetic strength. There were significant improvements in static balance of one leg standing eye-closed (p < 0.05) and dynamic balance of left/right velocity (p < 0.01), forward/backward velocity (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: In this study, 12 weeks of lifestyle changing of stair-climbing improved SBP, resting HR, LDL-C, VO2peak, back and knee strength, static and dynamic balance as well as increased physical activity volume of stair-climbing in the daily living.

Elaboração e validação de um teste de quadra específico para a determinação da potência aeróbia de tenistas / Processing and validation of a field test for determination of tennis players specific aerobic performance

O objetivo deste estudo foi o de desenvolver e validar um teste para estimar a potência aeróbia de jovens tenistas do sexo masculino. A amostra foi composta por 24 tenistas competitivos com média de idade de 15.58 ± 1.77 anos, os quais foram submetidos a dois tipos de testes máximos e diretos, um específico na quadra de tênis, e outro em esteira rolante no laboratório. A normalidade dos dados foi analisada pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilk. O teste "t" pareado para análise das diferenças entre cada teste bem como o teste de campo e o seu reteste. Correlação de Pearson analisou a relação do teste de laboratório com o de campo, e também entre o teste e o reteste de campo. O poder de explicação das variáveis preditoras do VO2 para o teste de campo foi determinado pela regressão linear simples e pelo coeficiente de correlação intraclasse. Os resultados evidenciaram diferenças significativas para as variáveis, tempo total, distância percorrida, pico de consumo de oxigênio (VO2pico) e quociente de trocas respiratórias entre o teste de campo e o de laboratório: correlação moderada entre o teste de campo e o de laboratório (r=0.539; p<0.05) para a variável VO2pico, e correlação moderada entre o VO2pico e a frequência cardíaca máxima obtidos no teste de campo (r=0.417; p<0.05), propondo uma equação preditiva do VO2pico (VO2pico= -15.125 + [0.334 x FCmáx]). Pode-se concluir que o teste proposto foi válido e pode ser utilizado para estimar a potência aeróbia de jovens tenistas de competição do sexo masculino...(AU)

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a test to estimate on court aerobic of competitive tennis players. The sample consisted of 24 competitive male tennis players (federate and/or confederate), with age average of 15.58 ± 1.77 years. They were be subject to the assessment of two types of maximal tests, a specific field test on the tennis court and the other conducted in a treadmill laboratory (gold standard), both with direct measurement of oxygen consumption (VO2). For the analysis of the blood lactate concentration, was used Accutrend® lactometer (ROCHE). The sample was characterized by descriptive statistics and measures of central tendency. The Shapiro Wilk test was applied to verify the data normality. The analyzes of differences between each test, and the test proposed and its retest is given by using the "t" paired test. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to analyze the relationship between the treadmill test with the court, and also between test and re-test. The explanatory power of predictor variables of VO2 for the specific test was determined by simple linear regression and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), with a confidence interval of 95% applied to obtain the criteria of significance measures of the specific test. The statistical program used was SPSS 20.0. The results showed a moderate correlation between the proposed test and the laboratory (r = 0.539, p<0.05) for VO2peak variable, and a moderate correlation between VO2peak_court and Maximal Heart Rate_Court (r = 0.417, p<0.05), making it possible to propose a predictive equation by MHR variable obtained in the court test (VO2peak = -15.125 + (0.334 x MHR). Thus, it can be concluded that the proposed test was valid and can be used to estimate the aerobic power (VO2peak) in young male competitive tennis players...(AU)

Relación entre capacidad aeróbica y variables antropométricas en mujeres jóvenes físicamente inactivas de la ciudad de Concepción, Chile / Relationship between aerobic capacity and antrophometric variables in young women physicaly inactivite from Concepción city, Chile

Purpose: to determine which anthropometric variable (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) or waist-to-height ratio (W/Ht) has a better relationship with VO2peak in young physically inactive women from Concepción, Chile. Methods: 31 physically inactive women from Concepción, Chile (age 20.39±1.58 years; weight 59.20±7.84 Kg; height 1.60±0.05 m) were assessed in three stages: general Information collection, anthropometric measuring (weight, height, WC, W/Ht, and BMI), and aerobic capacity determination, using Bruce's protocol associated to ergospirometry. For statistical analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used, with p<0.05. Results: there is an inverse and moderate relationship between BMI, WC, and W/Ht with VO2peak in young physically inactive women from Concepción. Chile. W/Ht shows a higher correlation (r=-0.57; p<0.01) than CC (r=-0.49; p<0.01) and IMC (r=-0.45; p=0.01). Conclusions: W/Ht shows a better relationship with VO2peak than WC and BMI in young physically inactive women from Concepción, resulting in the anthropometric variable that most precisely determines cardiometabolic risk.

Objetivo: determinar cuál variable antropométrica (Indice de masa corporal (IMC), circunferencia de cintura (CC) o Índice cintura/talla (ICT) tiene mejor relación con VO2peak en mujeres jóvenes físicamente inactivas de la ciudad de Concepción, Chile. Sujetos y Métodos: 31 mujeres físicamente inactivas de la ciudad de Concepción, Chile (edad 20,39±1,58 años; peso 59,20±7,84 Kg: talla 1,60±0,05 m) fueron evaluadas en tres etapas: recolección de información general, medición antropométrica (peso, talla, CC, ICT e IMC) y determinación de la capacidad aeróbica mediante el Protocolo de Bruce asociado a ergoespirometría. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson con p <0,05. Resultados: existió una relación inversa y moderada entre IMC, CC e ICT y VO2peak en mujeres jóvenes inactivas físicamente de la ciudad de Concepción, Chile. ICT presenta una correlación mayor (r=-0,57; p<0,01) que CC (r=-0,49; p<0,01) y que IMC (r=-0,45; p=0,01). Conclusiones: ICT presenta mejor relación con el VO2peak que la CC y que el IMC en mujeres jóvenes inactivas físicamente de la ciudad de Concepción, siendo la variable antropométrica que determina con mayor precisión el riesgo cardiometabólico.

Equações de predição da aptidão cardiorrespiratória de adultos sem teste de exercícios físicos / A non-exercise prediction model for estimation of cardiorespiratory fitness in adults

A ferramenta mais precisa para avaliação da aptidão cardiorrespiratória é o teste cardiopulmonar de esforço. Entretanto, para sua utilização, são necessários equipamentos de custo elevado, técnicos bem treinados e tempo, restringindo sua utilização em estudos populacionais. Desta forma, o objetivo do estudo foi desenvolver modelos de predição da aptidão cardiorrespiratória de adultos, por meio de variáveis de simples mensuração. Foram utilizados os dados de 8.293 sujeitos, sendo 5.291 homens e 3.235 mulheres. A amostra constituiu-se de dados retrospectivos da cidade de Florianópolis - SC, abrangendo sujeitos entre 18 e 65 anos. Para estimar o consumo de oxigênio de pico (VO2pico), mensurado de maneira direta, foram associados os dados de: idade, massa corporal, condicionamento, estatura, frequência cardíaca pré-esforço, dislipidemia, hipertensão arterial, tabagismo, diabetes. Após a realização dos procedimentos estatísticos por intermédio de regressão linear múltipla, foram desenvolvidas duas equações para o sexo masculino e duas para o sexo feminino. O modelo completo para o sexo masculino apresenta R² ajustado de 0,531 e erro padrão de estimativa (EPE) de 7,15 ml-1∙ kg-1∙ min, enquanto que o modelo completo para o sexo feminino apresenta R² ajustado de 0,436 e EPE de 5,68 ml-1∙ kg-1∙ min. Conclui-se que o modelo desenvolvido de predição da aptidão cardiorrespiratória é uma alternativa viável e prática para predição do VO2pico em estudos epidemiológicos ou quando um teste cardiopulmonar de esforço não for possível ou acessível.

The most accurate tool for assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness is cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). However, CPET requires expensive equipment, trained technicians and time, which limits their use in population studies. In view of this issue, the present study aims to develop regression equations for predicting the cardiorespiratory fitness of adults using simple measurement variables. The study used data from 8,293 subjects, 5,291 male and 3,235 female (age range, 18 to 65 years). The sample was recruited in Florianopolis, Santa Catarina. To develop equations for prediction of peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), the data associated were: fitness, age, body mass, height, resting heart rate, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and smoking. After statistical analyses, two equations for men and two for women were developed. The complete equations showed an adjusted R² = 0.531 and a standard error of estimate (SEE) = 7.15 ml-1∙ kg-1∙ min for men and R² = 0.436 and SEE = 5.68 ml-1∙ kg-1∙ min for women. We conclude that the model developed for prediction of cardiorespiratory fitness is feasible and practical for prediction of VO2peak in epidemiological studies or when CPET cannot be performed.