Extracardiac Rupture of Giant Left Valsalva Sinus Aneurysm / 日本心臓血管外科学会雑誌

We report a case of extracardiac rupture of the left Valsalva sinus aneurysm, which is an extremely rare and fatal lesion. The three drugs, clindamycin, ethambutol and rifampicin, had been administered for eleven years because of lung mycobacterium infection. An emergency surgery was performed because of cardiac tamponade. The left Valsalva sinus was entirely enlarged without an aneurysmal neck. The other Valsalva sinuses seemed to be almost normal. The aneurysmal wall adhered the pulmonary artery and the left atrium. The left descending and circumflex arteries independently originated from the aneurysmal wall. The left main trunk seemed to become a part of the aneurysmal wall. Additionally the intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography showed severe aortic regurgitation. The Bio-Bentall procedure was performed. The right coronary artery was reconstructed with the Carrel patch method and the saphenous vein grafts were anastomosed to the proximal portions of the left anterior descending and circumflex arteries, individually. On the thirty-third postoperative day, the patient was discharged uneventfully expect for the delayed sternal closure on the second postoperative day. Five and half years after surgy, the patient is living a normal life and rifampicin has been administered without any anticoagulation drugs.

Two Cases of Valsalva Sinus Aneurysm with Rupture into the Right Atrium / 日本心臓血管外科学会雑誌

Valsalva sinus aneurysm (VSA) is a rare disease, especially that of Konno classification Type IV. When VSA ruptures, the patient has uncontrollable congestive heart failure because of massive left-right shunt. We encountered two cases with ruptured VSA of the right atrium. Case 1 : A 71-years-old man with a ruptured noncoronary VAS complained of dyspnea on effort. He underwent surgical treatment consisting of aneurysm resection and patch closure with Hemashield after medical treatment for congestive heart failure. He progressed well after operation and was discharged on the 14th postoperative day in stable condition. Case 2 : A 41-year-old man had heard systolic murmur. We diagnosed VSA rupture with echocardiography. He was symptomless but his left ventricle diastolic diameter was dilatated and Qp/Qs was 2.0 by blood gas sampling. He underwent elective surgical treatment consisting of aneurysm resection and patch closure with Hemashield. He was discharged on the 14th postoperative day in stable condition.

Aneurisma del seno de Valsalva roto con fístula a ventrículo derecho. Presentación de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Aneurisma do seio de Valsalva roto com fístula para ventrículo direito. Apresentação de um relato de caso e revisão da literatura / Valsalva sinus aneurysm ruptured with right ventricular fistula. Presentation of a clinical case and review of the literature

La presencia de un aneurisma de seno de Valsalva es bastante rara. Esta condición anatómica puede terminar en la ruptura y fistulización a diferentes estructuras cardíacas, con una posible evolución clínica catastrófica. El diagnóstico de esta enfermedad puede resultar laborioso; sin embargo, un dato clínico importante es la presencia de un soplo continuo, que aunque no es específico de esta patología, orienta en el abordaje y detección de posibles causas. La conjunción de la clínica, los hallazgos ecocardiográficos y hemodinámicos, mediante angiocardiografía, resulta primordial en la adecuada caracterización de esta anomalía. De acuerdo a su historia natural, todos los pacientes deben ser tratados quirúrgicamente.

The presence of a Valsalva sinus aneurysm is quite rare. This anatomical condition can end in the rupture and fistulization to different cardiac structures, with a possible catastrophic clinical evolution. The diagnosis of this disease can be laborious; however, an important clinical finding is the presence of a continuous murmur, which although not specific to this pathology, guides in the approach and detection of possible causes. The conjunction of clinic, echocardiographic and hemodynamic findings, through angiocardiography, is primordial in the adequate characterization of this anomaly. According to their natural history, all patients should be treated surgically.

A presença de um aneurisma do seio de Valsalva é muito rara. Esta condição anatômica pode resultar em ruptura e fistulización de diferentes estruturas cardíacas, com uma possível evolução clínica catastrófica. O diagnóstico desta doença pode ser trabalhoso; no entanto, um importante achado clínico é a presença de um sopro contínuo, que embora não seja específico para esta doença, orientada na abordagem e detecção de possíveis causas. A combinação de achados clínicos, ecocardiográficos e hemodinâmicos por angiografia é fundamental na caracterização adequada desta anomalia. De acordo com a sua história natural, todos os pacientes devem ser tratados cirurgicamente.