Five different vascular accesses on the outcome in peripheral blood stem cells collection: a network Meta-analysis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To analyze the effect of different vascular access on the outcome in peripheral blood stem cells collection by a network Meta-analysis, and to provide a reference for clinical medical staff to select the best vascular access.Methods:A systematic search was carried out in Chinese Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, from inception until April 15, 2023. Two researchers independently screened literature and extracted data. Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed using R4.2.2 and Addis-1.16.6 softwares.Results:A total 7 pieces of research were included, 5 vascular access methods were peripheral artery, peripheral vein, artery-vein, femoral vein-central venous catheter (FV-CVC), and internal jugular vein-CVC (IJV-CVC). The results showed that compared with the peripheral veins, there was no significant difference on CD34 cells between other vascular accesses in the primary outcome measure when collected peripheral blood stem cell collection. On the single blood volume treatment time, peripheral vein and IJV-CVC were statistically significant ( MD = 14.80, 95% CI 2.70-22.38, P<0.05) . The SUCRA ranking probability chart showed that on CD34 cells, FV- CVC>IJV-CVC>artery-vein>peripheral artery>peripheral vein access; for a single blood volume treatment time and monocyte number, peripheral artery was superior and the next was peripheral vein. Conclusions:Current evidence suggested that Peripheral artery may be the best vascular access in peripheral blood stem cells collection, which opens a new way to establish the vascular access for peripheral blood stem cells collection, but it needs to be confirmed by large clinic trials.

Study on the application of different-length peripheral intravenous catheters in patients undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery:a randomized clinical trial / 中华护理杂志

Objective To investigate the appropriate venous access for obese patients undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery by comparing the clinical outcomes of different lengths of peripheral intravenous catheters.Methods Inpatients who underwent bariatric surgery in a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang from August 2022 to December 2022 were selected as the study population using a fixed-point continuous convenience sampling method.A stratified block randomisation method was used to divide the group into an experimental group 1(mini-midline catheters),an experimental group 2(midline catheters)and a control group(short peripheral intravenous catheters,Short PIVCs).The incidence of catheter-related complications,the rate of extubation due to complications,the duration of catheter retention,the time to first catheter-related complication were compared in the 3 groups.Results A total of 186 patients were included,with 62 patients in each group.The overall incidence of catheter-related complications in experimental group 1,experimental group 2,and control group were 25.81％,8.06％,and 58.06％.The extubation rates due to complications were 19.35％,4.84％,and 41.94％,and the duration of catheter retention was 7.00(6.00,7.00)d,7.00(6.00,7.00)d,6.00(3.00,6.25)d.The differences were statistically different(P＜0.05)when comparing the 3 groups.Among them,the differences in the overall incidence of catheter-related complications and the rate of extubation due to complications were statistically significant when comparing experimental group 1 with the control group,experimental group 2 with the control group,and experimental group 1 with experimental group 2(P＜0.017);the duration of catheter retention in both experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 were higher than it in the control group,and the differences were statistically different(P＜0.017).Conclusion The complication rate of mini-midline catheters and midline catheters is lower than that of short ones,and the indwelling time is consistent with the perioperative period of metabolic and bariatric surgery,which is suitable for use in patients undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery.

Current status of maintenance hemodialysis-related infection in 124 medi-cal institutions in Guizhou Province / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To understand the infection status of patients with maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)in Guizhou Province,and provide basis for the prevention and control of hemodialysis-related infection.Methods MHD patients in hemodialysis centers of 124 secondary and or higher grade medical institutions in Guizhou Province from July to December 2022 were surveyed.Survey content included the general conditions of patients,hemodialysis-related conditions,infection of pathogens of blood-borne diseases,and other infection-related conditions.Results A total of 15 114 MHD patients were surveyed,with age mainly ranging from 36 to＜60 years old(55.83％).Hemodialysis history ranged mainly from 1 year to＜5 years(59.37％),and the frequency of hemodi-alysis was mainly 3 times per week(73.91％).Autologous arteriovenous fistula(AVF)was the major vascular access for dialysis,with a total of 12 948 cases(85.77％).The main primary disease was chronic renal failure(99.89％).The infection rates of hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis C virus(HCV),human immunodeficiency vi-rus(HIV),and Treponema pallidum in MHD patients were 5.29％,0.64％,0.24％,and 1.70％,respectively.HBV infection rates among MHD patients of different ages,different numbers of dialysis hospitals,and dialysis in-stitutions of different scales showed statistically significant differences(all P＜0.05).HCV infection rates among MHD patients of different ages,with different dialysis times and from institutions of different scales were signifi-cantly different(all P＜0.05).TP infection rates among MHD patients of different ages and different numbers of dialysis hospitals were all significantly different(all P＜0.05).Infection rates of HBV and HCV in MHD patients aged from 36 to 60 years old(not included)were relatively higher(6.10％and 0.84％,respectively).Patients with dialysis time ≥10 years had a higher HCV infection rate(1.64％).Infection rates of HCV,HIV,and TP in pa-tients dialyzed in medical institutions with ≥90 dialysis beds were relatively higher(0.74％,0.28％,and 1.94％,respectively).Medical institutions with＜30 dialysis beds had the highest HBV infection rate(18.64％).There were 9 cases(0.06％)of vascular puncture infection,12 cases(0.08％)of bloodstream infection,7 cases(0.05％)of vascular access-related bloodstream infection,and 30 cases(0.20％)of pulmonary infection.Vascular access-re-lated bloodstream infection rate and pulmonary infection rate among MHD patients with different types of vascular access showed statistically significant difference(all P＜0.05).Vascular access-related bloodstream infection rate(0.37％)and pulmonary infection rate(1.10％)of patients with non-cuffed catheters vascular access were higher than those of other types.Conclusion MHD patients in Guizhou Province are mainly middle-aged and young peo-ple,with more males than females.The dialysis frequency is mostly 3 times per week,and AVF is the major vascu-lar access.MHD patients are prone to complications such as infections of HBV,HCV,HIV,and TP,as well as bloodstream infection and pulmonary infection.

Michigan appropriateness guide for intravenous catheters in pediatrics — miniMAGIC-Brasil: translation into Brazilian portuguese / Michigan appropriateness guide for intravenous catheters in pediatrics — miniMAGIC-Brasil: tradução para o português do Brasil

ABSTRACT Objective: To perform the translation and adaptation of the Michigan Appropriateness Guide for Intravenous Catheters in Pediatrics (miniMAGIC) into Brazilian Portuguese. Methods: Methodological study performed in five recommended stages: initial translations; synthesis of the translations; back translations; assessment of the back translations; expert committee assessment. The expert committee was composed of three registered nurses and two doctors who had a Master's and/or PhD degree, and an expertise in intravenous therapy and pediatric and neonatal care. To assess the semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual adequacy, a Likert scale was applied, in which 1, "not equivalent"; 2, "inequivalent"; 3, "cannot assess"; 4, "quite equivalent"; 5, "totally equivalent". The terms mostly analyzed as negative in equivalence and with a lower than 20 score were reviewed and submitted to a new assessment, with the Delphi Technique until consensus was obtained. The results were stored in electronic spreadsheets and treated with concordance index, with a minimum acceptable result of 0.80. Results: The content of all recommendations, named as miniMAGIC-Brasil, was validated by the expert committee after two stages of evaluation. All recommendations had an overall agreement index of 0.91. Conclusions: The miniMAGIC-Brazil guide was validated in respect to the adequacy of the translation after two steps.

RESUMO Objetivo: Realizar a tradução e adaptação do miniMAGIC para a língua portuguesa do Brasil. Métodos: Estudo metodológico realizado em cinco etapas: traduções iniciais; síntese das traduções; retrotraduções; avaliação das retrotraduções; avaliação por comitê de especialistas. O comitê foi composto de três enfermeiros e dois médicos que possuíssem pós-graduação stricto sensu e experiência em acesso vascular e pediatria. Para a análise de adequação semântica, idiomática, experiencial e conceitual de cada item do instrumento, foi empregada escala tipo Likert graduada em 1, como "não equivalente"; 2, "pouco equivalente"; 3, "não sei avaliar"; 4, "bastante equivalente"; e 5, "totalmente equivalente". Os termos majoritariamente analisados como negativos quanto à equivalência e com pontuação inferior a 20 foram revisados e submetidos a nova análise segundo a técnica Delphi até que o consenso fosse alcançado. Os resultados obtidos foram armazenados em planilhas eletrônicas e tratados com análise do índice de concordância mínimo de 0,80. Resultados: O conteúdo de todas as recomendações, que receberam nomeação de miniMAGIC-Brasil, alcançou índice de concordância mínimo, segundo julgamento por comitê de especialistas, após duas etapas de avaliação. Todas as recomendações obtiveram índice de concordância ao final de 0,91. Conclusões: O guia miniMAGIC-Brasil obteve índice de concordância dos termos segundo análise da adequação da tradução após duas etapas.

Prevention and control of infection related to peripheral arterial catheter management / Prevención y control de infecciones relacionadas con el manejo del catéter arterial periférico / Prevenção e controle de infecção relacionada ao manejo de cateter arterial periférico

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe scientific evidence on good practices for peripheral arterial catheter management. Method: this is an integrative review, carried out through a search in the Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Virtual Health Nursing Library, National Library of Medicine, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health, Excerpta Medica dataBASE, SciVerse Scopus TopCited and Web of Science databases in March 2021. Articles in Portuguese, English and Spanish, without time limits in the search, were included. Results: forty-nine articles were found. At insertion, measures involved hand hygiene, skin preparation, no-touch technique, aseptic technique and protective barrier, sterile components and transducers, peripheral arterial catheter insertion, insertion attempts, ultrasound and comfort measure use. During maintenance, issues regarding insertion site, invasive blood pressure circuit, connectors, dressing and stabilization were identified, and, during removal, aspects such as local and systemic complications after peripheral arterial catheter removal. Conclusion: the study provides crucial information for the effective management of peripheral arterial catheters, contributing to the reduction of complications and improvement of clinical results. By updating their practices, healthcare professionals can ensure greater safety and well-being for patients, always seeking to provide excellent care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir la evidencia científica sobre buenas prácticas para el manejo de catéteres arteriales periféricos. Método: revisión integradora, realizada a través de una búsqueda en las bases de datos Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Biblioteca Virtual en Enfermería en Salud, National Library of Medicine, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health, Excerpta Medica dataBASE, SciVerse Scopus TopCited y Web of Science en marzo de 2021. Se incluyeron artículos en portugués, inglés y español, sin límite de tiempo en la búsqueda. Resultados: se encontraron 49 artículos. En la inserción, las medidas incluyeron higiene de manos, preparación de la piel, técnica de no contacto, técnica aséptica y barrera protectora, componentes y transductores estériles, Inserción de catéter arterial periférico, intentos de inserción, uso de ultrasonido y medidas de comodidad. Durante el mantenimiento se identificaron problemas relacionados con el sitio de inserción, circuito de presión arterial invasiva, conectores, vendaje y estabilización y, durante el retiro, aspectos como complicaciones locales y sistémicas, luego del retiro del catéter arterial periférico. Conclusión: el estudio proporciona información crucial para el manejo eficaz de los catéteres arteriales periféricos, contribuyendo a la reducción de complicaciones y mejora de los resultados clínicos. Al actualizar sus prácticas, los profesionales de la salud pueden garantizar una mayor seguridad y bienestar a los pacientes, buscando siempre brindar una excelente atención.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever as evidências científicas sobre as boas práticas para o manejo de cateter arterial periférico. Método: revisão integrativa, realizada por meio de busca nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde Enfermagem, National Library of Medicine, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health, Excerpta Medica dataBASE, SciVerse Scopus TopCited e Web of Science em março de 2021. Foram incluídos artigos em português, inglês e espanhol, sem delimitação de tempo na busca. Resultados: foram encontrados 49 artigos. Na inserção, as medidas envolveram higienização das mãos, preparo da pele, técnica no touch, técnica asséptica e barreira de proteção, componentes estéreis e transdutores, inserção do cateter arterial periférico, tentativas de inserção, uso do ultrassom e medidas de conforto. Na manutenção, questões sobre o sítio de inserção, circuito da pressão arterial invasiva, conectores, curativo e estabilização foram identificadas e, na retirada, aspectos como complicações locais e sistêmicas, após retirada do cateter arterial periférico. Conclusão: o estudo fornece informações cruciais para o eficaz manejo do cateter arterial periférico, contribuindo para a redução de complicações e aprimoramento dos resultados clínicos. Ao atualizar suas práticas, os profissionais de saúde podem assegurar maior segurança e bem-estar aos pacientes, buscando sempre oferecer um atendimento de excelência.

Intervenção educativa para melhorar o manejo do dispositivo de acesso vascular totalmente implantado / Intervención educativa para mejorar el manejo del dispositivo de acceso vascular totalmente implantado / Educational intervention to improve management of totally implanted vascular access device

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o efeito de uma intervenção educativa para enfermeiros para aumentar o conhecimento e as habilidades práticas de manejo de dispositivos de acesso vascular totalmente implantados. Métodos Estudo quase-experimental realizado em um hospital universitário. A intervenção incluiu exposição a um manual de procedimentos seguida de treinamento teórico-prático sete dias depois. Oitenta e um enfermeiros foram avaliados no início do estudo, após autoexposição ao manual e após receberem treinamento teórico-prático. Os participantes foram avaliados quanto ao seu conhecimento e habilidades práticas no gerenciamento de dispositivos de acesso vascular totalmente implantados. Estatísticas descritivas foram realizadas para todas as variáveis. O teste t pareado foi utilizado para examinar se a pontuação média mudou desde a linha de base até a primeira e segunda avaliações de conhecimento, acesso, desacesso e manutenção do cateter. O nível de significância foi definido como 0,05. Resultados Os aumentos médios nas pontuações após a exposição dos enfermeiros ao manual foram de 18,2 pontos para conhecimento, com 16,5 pontos para técnica de acesso, 15,5 para técnica de desacesso e 24,2 para técnica de manutenção do cateter. Após o treinamento teórico-prático, observamos aumento médio de 4,2 pontos para acesso, com 3,9 para desacesso e 4,2 para manutenção do cateter. Conclusão A intervenção educativa para enfermeiros aumentou os escores médios de conhecimentos e habilidades práticas. Ao final da intervenção, 75% dos enfermeiros atingiram pelo menos 33 pontos de 38 para conhecimento e 77%, 77% e 78% obtiveram escores perfeitos para acesso, desacesso e manutenção, respectivamente. A intervenção educativa foi eficaz na melhoria do conhecimento e das habilidades práticas para manejo de dispositivos de acesso vascular totalmente implantados.

Resumen Objetivo Evaluar el efecto de una intervención educativa para enfermeros para aumentar los conocimientos y las habilidades prácticas de manejo de dispositivos de acceso vascular totalmente implantados. Métodos Estudio cuasi experimental realizado en un hospital universitario. La intervención incluyó la exposición a un manual de procedimientos, seguida de una capacitación teórico-práctica siete días después. Se evaluó a 81 enfermeros al comienzo del estudio, después de la autoexposición al manual y después de recibir la capacitación teórico-práctica. Los participantes fueron evaluados respecto a sus conocimientos y habilidades prácticas en la gestión de dispositivos de acceso vascular totalmente implantados. Se realizaron estadísticas descriptivas para todas las variables. Se utilizó el test-t pareado para examinar si el puntaje promedio cambió desde la línea basal hasta la primera y segunda evaluación de conocimientos, acceso, desacceso y mantenimiento del catéter. El nivel de significación fue definido como 0,05. Resultados El aumento promedio de los puntajes después de la exposición de los enfermeros al manual fue de 18,2 puntos en el conocimiento, con 16,5 puntos en la técnica de acceso, 15,5 en la técnica de desacceso y 24,2 en la técnica de mantenimiento del catéter. Después de la capacitación teórico-práctica, observamos un aumento promedio de 4,2 en el acceso, 3,9 en el desacceso y 4,2 en el mantenimiento del catéter. Conclusión La intervención educativa para enfermeros aumentó el puntaje promedio de conocimientos y habilidades prácticas. Al final de la intervención, el 75 % de los enfermeros alcanzó por lo menos 33 puntos de 38 en el conocimiento y el 77 % obtuvo puntaje perfecto en el acceso y en el desacceso y el 78 % en el mantenimiento. La intervención educativa fue eficaz en la mejora de los conocimientos y habilidades prácticas para el manejo de dispositivos de acceso vascular totalmente implantados.

Abstract Objective To evaluate the effect of an educational intervention for nurses to increase knowledge and practical skills of management of totally implanted vascular access devices. Methods A quasi-experimental study conducted in a teaching hospital. The intervention included exposure to a manual of procedures followed by a theoretical-practical training seven days later. Eighty-one nurses were evaluated at baseline, after self-exposure to the manual, and after receiving the theoretical-practical training. Participants were evaluated on their knowledge and practical skills of totally implanted vascular access device management. Descriptive statistics were performed for all variables. Paired t test was used to examine whether the mean score changed from the baseline to first and second assessments of knowledge, access, de-access and maintenance of catheter. Significance level was set to 0.05. Results Mean increases in scores after nurses were exposed to the manual were: 18.2 points for knowledge, 16.5 points for access technique, 15.5 for de-access technique, and 24.2 for catheter maintenance technique. After the theoretical-practical training, we observed a mean increase of 4.2 points for access, 3.9 for de-access and 4.2 for catheter maintenance. Conclusion The educational intervention for nurses increased mean scores of knowledge and practical skills. At the end of the intervention, 75% of the nurses reached at least 33 points out of 38 for knowledge, and 77%, 77%, and 78% had perfect scores for access, de-access, and maintenance, respectively. The educational intervention was effective in improving knowledge and practical skills for management of totally implanted vascular access devices.

Construction and validation of a checklist for the management of totally implanted catheters in children / Construcción y validación de una lista de verificación para el manejo del catéter totalmente implantado en niños / Construção e validação de lista de checagem para manejo do cateter totalmente implantado em crianças

ABSTRACT Objectives: to construct and validate the content of a checklist for the management of totally implanted catheters in hospitalized children and adolescents. Methods: methodological research conducted from October 2021 to December 2022 in two stages: development of the instrument with care guidelines and content validation of the checklist. The instrument, containing 23 items presented in Likert format, was evaluated online by specialists in two rounds. The Content Validity Index was applied, considering indices above 0.8 as valid. Results: the final checklist included four domains and 22 checklist items, validated with a Content Validity Index of 0.98. The overall evaluation of the instrument presented a global score of 9.9. Conclusions: the validation and application of instruments that standardize procedures, in addition to supporting professionals, promote autonomy and quality of care for children and adolescents using this device.

RESUMEN Objetivos: construir y validar el contenido de una lista de verificación para el manejo del catéter totalmente implantado en niños y adolescentes hospitalizados. Métodos: investigación metodológica realizada en el período de octubre de 2021 a diciembre de 2022, en dos etapas: elaboración del instrumento con directrices para el cuidado y validación de contenido de la lista de verificación. El instrumento, que contiene 23 ítems presentados en formato Likert, fue evaluado en línea por especialistas en dos rondas. Se aplicó el Índice de Validez de Contenido, considerando válidos los índices superiores a 0,8. Resultados: la lista final contempló cuatro dominios y 22 ítems de verificación, siendo validada con un Índice de Validez de 0,98. La evaluación general del instrumento presentó una calificación global de 9,9. Conclusiones: la validación y aplicación de instrumentos que estandarizan los procedimientos, además de respaldar al profesional, promueven la autonomía y calidad de la asistencia al niño y al adolescente en uso de este dispositivo.

RESUMO Objetivos: construir e validar o conteúdo de uma lista de checagem para manejo do cateter totalmente implantado em crianças e adolescentes hospitalizados. Métodos: Pesquisa metodológica realizada no período de outubro de 2021 a dezembro de 2022, em duas etapas: elaboração do instrumento com diretrizes para o cuidado e validação de conteúdo da lista de checagem. O instrumento, contendo 23 itens apresentados em formato Likert, foi avaliado online por especialistas em duas rodadas. Aplicou-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo, considerando válidos os índices acima de 0,8. Resultados: a lista final contemplou quatro domínios e 22 itens de checagem, sendo validada com Índice de Validade de 0,98. A avaliação geral do instrumento apresentou uma nota global de 9,9. Conclusões: a validação e aplicação de instrumentos que padronizam os procedimentos, além de respaldar o profissional, promovem autonomia e qualidade da assistência à criança e ao adolescente em uso deste dispositivo.

National practice of Nursing professionals in the insertion of peripheral vascular access devices / Práctica nacional de los profesionales de Enfermería en la inserción de dispositivos de acceso vascular periférico / Prática nacional dos profissionais de Enfermagem na inserção de dispositivos de acesso vascular periférico

Objective: to identify and compare the practice of Nursing professionals regarding the insertion of peripheral vascular access devices, according to professional category. Method: descriptive sectional study carried out between July 2021 and May 2022 with 2,584 Nursing professionals, using a questionnaire validated by three judges with expertise in intravenous therapy, containing variables related to catheterization and the vascular access device. Descriptive and inferential analysis was carried out. Results: most professionals do not prepare the patient or perform some essential care before attempting peripheral intravenous catheterization. Regarding the preferred catheterization site, hands, arm and forearm stand out. There is no control over the tourniquet time, and the patient is punctured more than three times. The most used device materials are polyurethane and Teflon ® , more than one criterion is adopted for device selection, and Micropore ® type adhesive tape was the covering most cited by Nursing professionals. The identification of catheterization was not adequate. Conclusion: Nursing technicians and assistants are the professionals who least comply with what is recommended in recognized guidelines. Nurses' practice also presents deviations from scientific evidence.

Objetivo: identificar y comparar la práctica de los profesionales de Enfermería respecto a la inserción de dispositivos de acceso vascular periférico, según categoría profesional. Método: estudio descriptivo seccional realizado entre julio de 2021 y mayo de 2022 con 2.584 profesionales de Enfermería, mediante cuestionario validado por tres jueces con experiencia en terapia intravenosa, que contiene variables relacionadas al cateterismo y al dispositivo de acceso vascular. Se realizó análisis descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados: la mayoría de los profesionales no prepara al paciente ni realizan algunos cuidados esenciales antes de intentar el cateterismo intravenoso periférico. En cuanto al sitio preferencial para el cateterismo, destacan las manos, el brazo y el antebrazo. No hay control sobre el tiempo del torniquete, y el paciente es punzado más de tres veces. Los materiales del dispositivo más utilizados son el poliuretano y el Teflón ® , se adopta más de un criterio para la selección del dispositivo, y la cinta adhesiva tipo Micropore ® fue la cobertura más citada por los profesionales de Enfermería. La identificación del cateterismo no fue adecuada. Conclusión: los técnicos y auxiliares de enfermería son los profesionales que menos cumplen con lo recomendado en guías reconocidas. La práctica de los enfermeros también presenta desviaciones de la evidencia científica.

Objetivo: identificar e comparar a prática dos profissionais de Enfermagem quanto à inserção de dispositivos de acesso vascular periféricos, de acordo com a categoria profissional. Método: estudo seccional descritivo realizado no período entre julho de 2021 e maio de 2022 com 2.584 profissionais de Enfermagem, por meio de questionário validado por três juízes com expertise em terapia intravenosa, contendo variáveis relacionadas à cateterização e ao dispositivo de acesso vascular. Foi realizada análise descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: a maioria dos profissionais não prepara o paciente nem realiza alguns cuidados essenciais antes da tentativa de cateterização intravenosa periférica. Quanto ao local preferencial de cateterização, destacam-se as mãos, o braço e o antebraço. Não há controle do tempo de garroteamento e o paciente é puncionado mais de três vezes. Os materiais dos dispositivos mais utilizados são poliuretano e Teflon ® , é adotado mais de um critério para a seleção do dispositivo, e a fita adesiva do tipo Micropore ® foi a cobertura mais citada pelos profissionais de Enfermagem. A identificação da cateterização não foi adequada. Conclusão: técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem são os profissionais que menos atendem ao que está preconizado nas diretrizes reconhecidas. A prática dos enfermeiros também apresenta desvios em relação às evidências científicas.

Lipectomia como alternativa de superficialização de fístula arteriovenosa autóloga em pacientes obesos: a experiência de um centro de referência na Amazônia / Lipectomy as an alternative for superficialization of autologous AVF in obese patients: experience of a referral center in Amazon

Resumo Contexto O acesso vascular preferencial para hemodiálise é a fístula arteriovenosa nativa, pois oferece melhores resultados em curto e longo prazo, proporciona menor morbimortalidade e traz vantagens adicionais em relação aos cateteres venosos centrais ou enxertos arteriovenosos. No entanto, a obesidade pode oferecer um desafio adicional proporcionado pela barreira de tecido celular subcutâneo que recobre a superfície da veia a ser puncionada. Objetivos Demonstrar a experiência do serviço com a lipectomia em acessos autólogos em pacientes obesos. Métodos Foram revisados ​​pacientes consecutivos submetidos à lipectomia por impossibilidade ou dificuldade na punção da FAV, motivada pela acentuada profundidade da veia cefálica no antebraço ou braço. Resultados Vinte e dois pacientes foram revisados (15 homens e 7 mulheres), com índice de massa corporal médio de 34 kg/m2 (variação de 28 a 40 kg/m2). A idade média foi de 58,4 anos. O tempo médio entre a confecção do acesso e a lipectomia foi de 45,1 dias, e o tempo da intervenção até a liberação para uso nas sessões de hemodiálise oscilou de 21 a 42 dias, com média de 30,9 dias. A profundidade média pré-operatória da veia cefálica no membro foi de 7,9 mm (variação de 7,0 a 10,0 mm). Isso foi reduzido para uma profundidade média de 4,7 mm (faixa de 3,0 a 6,0 mm) (P = 0,01). O período médio de seguimento dos pacientes foi de 13,2 meses. Houve perda de seguimento em quatro pacientes e quatro óbitos no período não relacionados ao acesso vascular. Conclusões A obesidade não deve ser um fator limitante para a criação de uma FAV nativa, pois a lipectomia é uma alternativa relativamente simples de superficialização, que permite a funcionalidade de fístulas arteriovenosas nativas e profundas em obesos.

Abstract Background The preferred vascular access for hemodialysis is a native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) because it offers the best results in the short and long terms, lower morbidity and mortality, and has additional advantages in relation to central venous catheters or arteriovenous grafts. However, obesity can present an additional challenge because of the barrier of subcutaneous cellular tissue covering the surface of the vein to be punctured. Objectives The authors review their experience with excision of subcutaneous tissue (lipectomy) overlying upper arm cephalic vein arteriovenous fistulas in obese patients. Methods Consecutive vascular access patients undergoing lipectomy for cannulation with difficult access because of vein depth were reviewed. Cephalic vein depth was measured by ultrasound in all cases. Results Twenty-two patients were reviewed (15 men and 7 women), with a mean body mass index of 34.0 kg/m2 (range: 28-40 kg/m2). Mean age was 58.4 years. The mean preoperative vein depth of 7.9 mm (range: 7.0-10.0 mm) was reduced to 4.7 mm (range: 3.0-6.0 mm) (P 0.01). The mean follow-up period for patients was 13.2 months. Four patients were lost to follow-up and four died during the period due to causes unrelated to vascular access. Conclusions Obesity should not be a limiting factor to creation of a native AVF, since lipectomy is a relatively simple option for superficialization, enabling functioning native and deep arteriovenous fistulas in obese patients.

Clinical-epidemiological characterization of patients submitted to hemodialysis according to the national kidney foundation, the kidney disease outcomes quality initiative ­ KDOQI in a hemodialysis reference center in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil

Introduction: hemodialysis is a treatment that helps in the survival of patients with renal failure, through an established cardiopulmonary bypass to carry out blood filtration, as a result, there is a need for a feasible, lasting and effective vascular access. There are two types of vascular access, arteriovenous fistulas, using autogenous veins or prostheses, and venous catheters. The indications for choosing the type of vascular access are related to the characteristics and restriction of use of each patient.Objective: to analyze the epidemiological, demographic and clinical profile of patients undergoing hemodialysis in two reference services in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil, and compare the clinical-surgical processes with those defined by the Kidney Guidelines disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI).Methods: data were collected in two public hospitals, with patients undergoing hemodialysis, through registration forms and medical records, from August to December 2016. The volunteers were informed about the procedures and objectives of the study and, after agreeing, they signed a consent form. The variables age, gender, weight, height, body mass index, hemodialysis time, types of accesses already used , complications related to the accesses and underlying disease were analyzed. Patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis of both genders, with no age restriction, were included. Patients not able to perform one of the techniques, arteriovenous fistula or catheter, were excluded . The collected data were compared with the Kidney guidelines disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI).Results: a total of 252 individuals were included, of which 182 are patients undergoing reference hospital treatment in the city of São Bernardo do Campo, SP and 70 patients at the State University Hospital Mário Covas, a State reference in the clinical management of patients undergoing hemodialysis care.Conclusion: chronic kidney disease is highly prevalent with progression to end-stage chronic kidney failure (dialysis). The definition of the epidemiological profile of the population undergoing treatment, as well as the journey of venous accesses for hemodialysis (catheters and fistulas), are fundamental for the multidisciplinary team's learning curve about complications throughout the course of the disease/treatment. Furthermore, the clinical-surgical management of this population is in line with the guidelines of the National Kidney Foundation. The treatment performed in these hemodialysis centers is efficient and in line with what the KDOQI recommends.

Factors Associated with Hemodialysis Vascular Access Failure: A retrospective study in Colombia

Introduction: Vascular access (VA) remains a major source of morbidity for hemodialysis patients (HD). Few data sources adequately capture longitudinal patency of the VA. This study aimed to evaluate VA failure and its related factors in HD patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 985 incident hemodialysis patients treated in clinics of BRCS in Colombia, from January 1rst ,2016, until December 3 of the same year, was done. The cohort's enrollment was on day 1 of HD, and with follow-up for up to 15 months. Association among a group of independent variables and time to failure of the VA was performed, and adjusted by baseline variables using a Cox regression model. Results: A total of 985 patients were included in the study, requiring 1774 procedures of vascular access during follow-up. The mean age was 61 ± 15.6 years. At day 1, 15 % were dialyzing with an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or AVG; and at day 90, this proportion had increased to 70 %. The rate of vascular access procedure was 1.95 per patients-year, 95 % CI 1.86-2.04. The rate of vascular access failure was 0.66 per patients-year, 95 % CI 0.61-0.72. Risk factors for failure in AVF/AVG were age > 65 (p= 0.008), diabetes (p=0.019), female sex (p=0.002) rural housing (p<0.0001) and higher hemoglobin (p=0.021). Conclusions: Vascular access failure and the requirement for procedures associated with it are frequent in the dialysis population. Several risk factors, some of them modifiable, are related to vascular access failure.

Introducción: El acceso vascular (AV) sigue siendo una fuente importante de morbilidad para los pacientes en hemodiálisis (HD). Pocas fuentes de datos capturan adecuadamente la permeabilidad longitudinal del AV. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la falla del AV y los factores relacionados en pacientes en HD. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo de 985 pacientes incidentes a hemodiálisis tratados en clínicas de BRCS en Colombia, entre el 1ro de enero de 2016, al 31 de diciembre de 2016. La incepción de la cohorte fue el día 1 de HD y con un seguimiento de hasta 15 meses. Se realizó la asociación entre un grupo de variables independientes y el tiempo hasta la falla del AV, asimismo se ajustó por variables basales mediante un modelo de regresión de Cox. Resultados: Se incluyeron en el estudio un total de 985 pacientes que requirieron 1774 procedimientos de AV durante el seguimiento. La edad media fue de 61 ± 15,6 años. En el día 1, el 15 % se dializaba con una fístula arteriovenosa (FAV) o injerto arteriovenoso (IAV); y al día 90, esta proporción había aumentado al 70 %. La tasa de procedimiento de acceso vascular fue de 1,95 por paciente-año, IC 95 % 1,86-2,04. La tasa de falla del AV fue de 0,66 por paciente-año, IC del 95 %: 0,61-0,72. Los factores de riesgo para falla del AV en FAV/IAV fueron edad > 65 años (p= 0,008), diabetes (p= 0,019), sexo femenino (p= 0,002), vivienda rural (p<0,0001) y hemoglobina elevada (p=0,021). Conclusión: La falla del acceso vascular y el requerimiento de procedimientos asociados a ella, son frecuentes en la población en diálisis. Varios factores de riesgo, algunos de ellos modificables, están relacionados con la falla del acceso vascular.

Evaluation of the Implantation of the Good Practices Guideline for Vascular Access in the Euskadi Regional Host of Osakidetza-Basque Health Service: A Descriptive Studio of the Process / Evaluación de la implantación de la guía de buenas prácticas de acceso vascular en el Host Regional Euskadi de Osakidetza-Servicio Vasco de Salud: estudio descriptivo de proceso / Avaliação da implementação do guia de boas práticas para acesso vascular no Host Regional Euskadi de Osakidetza-Serviço Vasco de Saúde: estudo descritivo do proceso

Introduction. Intravenous treatments are necessary in multiple situations; however, they do have complications. The vascular access guideline provides assessed and synthesized evidence to be transferred to care. The aim of this study is to describe the process of implementation of the vascular access guideline in the organizations of Euskadi Regional Host by monitoring the use of alternative catheters, early removal and the presence of complications. Methodology. Descriptive study of process. The cut-off times are 3 months pre- implementation and 6, 12, 48 months post- implantation. Descriptive and comparative analysis with Chisquare. Results. A total of 7,074 patients and 12,363 devices were evaluated; The short peripheral catheter is the most frequently used. The use of alternative catheters increased over time, showing a significant difference in the 3 months pre- implementation period with the 48-month post-implantation period (from 6.81% preimplementation to 10.58% post 48 months). The percentage of short intravenous catheters removal in les than 48 hours increased from 53.25% to 57.54% of the pre-implantation of the 48 months post-implantation. Discussion. The results obtained after the implementation of the guideline highlight the impact of the use of alternative catheters and their early removal. Further work needs to be done to reduce complications and rates of peripheral venous catheter phlebitis. Conclusions. The implementation of the good practices guidelines for vascular access care improves the results in the use of alternative catheters or the reduction in peripheral venous catheters in days. Keywords: Implementation Science; Vascular Access Devices; Practice Guideline; Evidence-Based Practice; Nursing

Introducción. Los tratamientos endovenosos son necesarios en multitud de situaciones; sin embargo, presentan complicaciones. La guía de acceso vascular ofrece evidencia valorada y sintetizada para ser trasladada al cuidado. El objetivo del estudio es describir el proceso de implantación de la guía de acceso vascular en las organizaciones del Host Regional Euskadi monitorizando uso de catéteres alternativos, retirada precoz y presencia de complicaciones. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo de proceso. Se establecen como momentos de corte 3 meses preimplantación y 6, 12 y 48 meses postimplantación. Análisis descriptivo y de comparación con Chi cuadrado. Resultados. Se evaluaron 7,074 pacientes y 12,363 dispositivos; siendo el catéter periférico corto el de uso más frecuente. La utilización de catéteres alternativos aumentó a lo largo del tiempo, mostrando diferencias significativas en el periodo 3 meses preimplantación con el de 48 meses postimplantación (del 6.81% preimplantación al 10.58% post 48 meses). El porcentaje de catéteres venosos periféricos cortos retirados en menos de 48h aumentó del 53.25% al 57.54% de la preimplantación a los 48 meses postimplantación. Discusión. Los resultados obtenidos tras la implantación de la guía ponen de relieve el impacto de la utilización de catéteres alternativos y la retirada precoz de estos. Se ha de seguir trabajando en disminuir las complicaciones y las tasas de flebitis de catéter venosos periféricos. Conclusiones. La implantación de la guía de buenas prácticas para el cuidado del acceso vascular mejora los resultados en el uso de catéteres alternativos o la disminución en días de los c atéteres venosos periféricos. Palabras clave: Ciencia de la Implementación; Dispositivos de Acceso Vascular; Guía de Práctica Clínica; Práctica Clínica Basada en la Evidencia; Enfermería

Introdução. Os tratamentos intravenosos são necessários em muitas situações; porém, apresentam complicações. O guia de acesso vascular oferece evidências avaliadas e sintetizadas para serem transferidas para o cuidado. O objetivo do estudo é descrever o processo de implementação do guia de acesso vascular nas organizações do Host Regional Euskadi, monitorando o uso de cateteres alternativos, remoção precoce e presença de complicações. Metodologia. Estudo descritivo de processo. São estabelecidos como momentos de corte 3 meses pré-implantação, e 6, 12 e 48 meses pós-implantação. Análise descritiva e comparativa com Qui-quadrado. Resultados. Foram avaliados 7,074 pacientes e 12,363 dispositivos, sendo o cateter periférico curto o mais utilizado. O uso de cateteres alternativos aumentou ao longo do tempo, apresentando diferenças significativas no período de 3 meses pré-implantação com o de 48 meses pós-implantação (de 6.81% pré-implantação para 10.58% pós 48 meses). A porcentagem de cateteres venosos periféricos curtos removidos em menos de 48 horas aumentou de 53.25% para 57.54% desde a pré-implantação até 48 meses pós-implantação. Discussão. Os resultados obtidos após a implementação do guia destacam o impacto do uso de cateteres alternativos e sua remoção precoce. O trabalho deve continuar para reduzir complicações e taxas de flebite por cateter venoso periférico. Conclusões. A implementação do guia de boas práticas para cuidados com acesso vascular melhora os resultados no uso de cateteres alternativos ou na redução de dias de cateteres venosos periféricos. Palavras-chave: Ciência da Implementação; Dispositivos de Acesso Vascular; Guia de Prática Clínica; Prática Clínica Baseada em Evidências; Enfermagem

Correlation between platelet endothelial aggregation receptor-1 gene polymorphisms and vascular access infections in intermittent hemodialysis patients / 新乡医学院学报

Objective To explore the correlation between platelet endothelial aggregation receptor-1(PEAR1)gene polymorphisms and vascular access infections in intermittent hemodialysis(IHD)patients.Methods Totally 105 patients who received IHD treatment in Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital from January 2019 to January 2022 were selected as the obser-vation group,and 50 healthy people who were admitted to the hospital for physical examination at the same period were selected as the control group,and PEAR1 gene polymorphisms of the subjects in the two groups were tested by polymerase chain reaction.In addition,the patients in the observation group underwent imaging,serology,and pathogenesis,and they were divided into infected group and uninfected group according to whether vascular access infections occurred,and the clinical data of patients between the two groups were compared,and the correlation between PEAR1 gene polymorphisms and vascular access infections in IHD patients was analyzed by using univariate and multifactorial logsitic regression.Results There were two alleles G and A at the PEAR1 gene locus of patients in the observation group and control group;and three genotypes were detected,including wild-type(GG),mutant heterozygous(GA),and mutant pure(AA).The frequency of the GG genotype and the frequency of the G allele genotype of the patients in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05);the allele frequencies of the gene loci of the subjects in the observation group and the control group were in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P＞0.05).Univariate analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the sex ratio,body temperature,body mass index,blood pressure,triglyceride,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein,high-density lipoprotein,frequency of the GA and AA genotypes,percentage of history of hyperlipidemia,percentage of history of cigarette smoking,and percentage of history of alcohol consumption of patients between the infected group and uninfected group(P＞0.05).The age the percentage of dialysis duration＞3 years,the percentage of dialysis frequency ≥3 times in 1 week,the frequency of PEAR1 GG genotype,the frequency of PEAR1 G allele,the troponin T level,leukocyte level,platelet count level,hematocrit level,procalcitonin level,neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio,platelet/lymphocyte ratio,hypertension history and diabetes history of patients in the uninfected group were all lower than those in the infected group,while the fre-quency of PEAR1 A allele was higher than that in the infected group(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that long dialysis duration,older age and high dialysis frequency,high neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio,high platelet/lymphocyte ratio,and PE AR1 G allele were risk factors for developing vascular access infections in patients with IHD(P＜0.05).Conclusion IHD patients have PEAR1 genotype expression abnormality,in which the risk of vascular access infection in patients with PEAR1 genotype GG is higher,which can be used as an effective factor for the early prediction of vascular access infection in hemodialysis patients.

Management of primary catheter malposition following totally implantable venous access port implantation via the internal jugular vein / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of primary catheter malposition (PCM) following totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) implantation via the internal jugular vein (IJV) and management strategies.Methods:Clinical data of 587 consecutive breast cancer patients undergoing TIVAP implantation via the IJV performed by single team at the Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Aug 2017 to Aug 2022 was retrospectively analyzed.Results:A total of 593 TIVAP were implanted and PCM was found in 18 cases (3.0%). Four hundred and twenty five TIVAP were implanted via the right IJV with one PCM case (0.2%). One hundred and sixty eight TIVAP implantations were performed via the left IJV and PCM occurred in 17 cases (10.1%). The interventional management with a pigtail catheter was performed as a first-line strategy in 11 of the 18 PCM cases, with a success in 10 cases and failure in one. Three cases were successfully managed with the digital subtraction angiography (DSA)-guided open approach. Four cases underwent blind open procedure firstly and 2 suffered a failure.Conclusions:A higher incidence of PCM is found in TIVAP implantations via the left IJV than the right one. The interventional management with a pigtail catheter or the DSA-guided open procedure proves to be feasible for the correction of PCM.

Establishment of integrative medicine with patient first model in the clinical practice of hemodialysis access / 中华肾脏病杂志

Vascular accesses are the lifelines for hemodialysis patients. This paper proposes to establish an integrative medicine with patient first model in the clinical practice of vascular access based on characters of hemodialysis patients and combined with the domestic and global innovation of management of vascular access. This model emphasizes the integration of vascular access plan with the whole life plan of renal replacement therapy, the combination of characters of vessel and entire condition of the patient, as well as balanced with patient's psychosocial characters. To implement this model in clinical practice, a multidisciplinary team with different professional background should be built, suitable job position should be set up and workflows should be formulated and optimized.

Prevention and control of vessel catheter associated infections: a harsh and long way to go / 中国实用护理杂志

Vascular access devices are regarded as double-edged swords since being used as lifesaving accesses widely as well as causing vessel catheter associated infections and other complications.In severe cases, it may even endanger life. This paper expounded the importance and necessity of vessel catheter associated infections prevention and control from several aspects such as national policy promotion, medical insurance payment innovation and clinical management demand, analyzed the key links of vessel catheter associated infections prevention and control and the research status quo here and abroad based on the life cycle of the catheter, and pondered the future directions considering the current difficulties and blind spots.

Lock terapia na prevenção e tratamento da infecção da corrente sanguínea associada ao cateter vascular: revisão integrativa / Terapia de bloqueo en la prevención y tratamiento de infecciones del torrente sanguíneo asociadas al catéter vascular: revisión integradora / Lock therapy in prevention and treatment of catheter-associated bloodstream infection: integrative review

Resumo Objetivo Sintetizar o conhecimento sobre o uso da lock terapia na prevenção e no tratamento da infecção da corrente sanguínea associada ao dispositivo de acesso vascular central de longa permanência em pacientes adultos e idosos hospitalizados. Métodos Revisão integrativa com busca nas bases de dados CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, no período de 1º janeiro de 2010 a 28 de setembro de 2021 sem restrições de idioma. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva. Resultados Foram identificados 16 estudos sendo seis (37,5%) sobre o uso da lock terapia como prevenção de infecção associada ao dispositivo de acesso vascular central e dez (62,5%) sobre tratamento. Os artigos sobre prevenção relataram o uso de soluções não antibióticas. Nove dos dez estudos que abordaram a lock terapia como tratamento, utilizaram soluções antibióticas. Dois estudos avaliaram a eficácia da lock terapia em curta duração (de três a quatro dias), sete em maior duração (entre 10 e 14 dias) e um não especificou a duração. Cada estudo descreveu uma técnica de intervenção e o tempo de permanência da solução intraluminal. Em relação ao risco de viés, foram avaliados como baixo risco: cinco ensaios clínicos randomizados, dois ensaios clínicos sem randomização e oito estudos observacionais. Apenas um estudo observacional foi classificado como risco moderado. Conclusão Na prevenção, identificou-se o uso de soluções não antibióticas como o etanol. Para o tratamento, foi utilizada a daptomicina endovenosa. Enquanto os estudos incluídos nessa revisão sobre prevenção não demonstraram evidência estatística, os dez estudos sobre tratamento demonstraram que a lock terapia é um complemento eficaz ao tratamento sistêmico, apresentando boas taxas de salvamento do cateter.

Resumen Objetivo Sintetizar el conocimiento sobre el uso de la terapia de bloqueo en la prevención y tratamiento de infecciones del torrente sanguíneo asociadas al dispositivo de acceso vascular central de larga permanencia en pacientes adultos y adultos mayores hospitalizados. Métodos Revisión integradora con búsqueda en las bases de datos CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, en el período del 1 de enero de 2010 al 28 de septiembre de 2021 sin restricción de idioma. Los datos fueron analizados de forma descriptiva. Resultados Se identificaron 16 estudios, de los cuales seis (37,5 %) trataban sobre el uso de la terapia de bloqueo como prevención de infecciones asociadas al dispositivo de acceso vascular central y diez (62,5 %) sobre tratamiento. En los artículos sobre prevención se relató el uso de soluciones no antibióticas. En nueve de los diez estudios que abordaban la terapia de bloqueo como tratamiento, se utilizaron soluciones antibióticas. En dos estudios se evaluó la eficacia de la terapia de bloqueo de corta duración (de tres a cuatro días), siete de mayor duración (entre 10 y 14 días) y uno sin especificar la duración. En cada estudio se describió una técnica de intervención y el tiempo de permanencia de la solución intraluminal. Con relación al riesgo de sesgo, fueron evaluados con riesgo bajo: cinco ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, dos ensayos clínicos no aleatorizados y ocho estudios observacionales. Solo un estudio observacional fue clasificado con riesgo moderado. Conclusión Para la prevención, se identificó el uso de soluciones no antibióticas como el etanol. Para el tratamiento, se utilizó la daptomicina intravenosa. Aunque los estudios incluidos en esta revisión sobre prevención no hayan demostrado evidencia estadística, los diez estudios sobre tratamiento demostraron que la terapia de bloqueo es un complemento eficaz para el tratamiento sistémico y presentó buenos índices de salvamento del catéter.

Abstract Objective To synthesize knowledge on the use of lock therapy for prevention and treatment of long-term central vascular access devices-associated bloodstream infection in hospitalized adult and elderly patients. Methods Integrative review conducted in CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, from January 1st, 2010 to September 28th, 2021, without language restrictions. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results Sixteen studies were identified, six (37.5%) on the use of lock therapy for prevention of bloodstream infection associated with central vascular access devices, and ten (62.5%) on treatment. The articles on prevention reported the use of non-antibiotic solutions. Nine of the ten studies that addressed lock therapy as treatment used antibiotic solutions. Two studies assessed the effectiveness of lock therapy in a short duration (three to four days), seven in a longer duration (between 10 and 14 days), and one did not specify the length of time. Each study described an intervention technique and the length of stay of the intraluminal solution. Regarding the risk of bias, five randomized clinical trials, two non-randomized clinical trials, and eight observational studies were rated as low risk. Only one observational study was classified as moderate risk. Conclusion The use of non-antibiotic solutions such as ethanol was identified for prevention of bloodstream infection. For treatment, intravenous daptomycin was used. While the studies included in this review on prevention did not show statistical evidence, the ten studies on treatment demonstrated that lock therapy is an effective complement to systemic treatment, showing good catheter salvage rates.

Undergraduate nursing students' knowledge and experience in infusion therapy and peripheral vascular acces / Conocimiento y experiencia de estudiantes avanzados de enfermería en terapia infusional y accesos vasculares periféricos / Conhecimento e experiência de graduandos de enfermagem em terapia infusional e acessos vasculares periféricos

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the knowledge and experience of undergraduate nursing students regarding infusion therapy and peripheral vascular access. Methods: descriptive, cross-sectional, analytical study with 123 undergraduate nursing students who answered a semi-structured instrument. Results: the majority were women, with a median age of 51 years old; 87% considered the teaching received insufficient to perform in clinical practice. The mean overall knowledge score was 78.1 (SD± 8.97). The themes catheter flushing and lock (38.1%), catheter selection (34.2%), infusion equipment (30.9%) and insertion site (30.9%) presented a significant number of errors. Conclusions: practical classes and execution of procedures in health services were predictors for a better knowledge about infusion therapy and vascular access by undergraduate nursing students.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar el conocimiento y experiencia de estudiantes avanzados de enfermería sobre terapia infusional y accesos vasculares periféricos. Métodos: investigación descriptiva, transversal, analítica; con 123 estudiantes del último curso de enfermería, que respondieron a un instrumento semiestructurado. Resultados: mayoría de mujeres, mediana de 51 años; el 87% considera insuficiente la enseñanza recibida para desempeñarse en la práctica clínica. El promedio general de puntos de conocimiento fue del 78% (DE± 8,97). Los temas flushing y lock del catéter (38,1%), selección del catéter (34,2%), equipos de infusión (30,9%) y punto de inserción (30,9) mostraron un número significativo de errores. Conclusiones: clases prácticas y realización de procedimientos en servicios de salud fueron el camino a un mayor conocimiento en terapia infusional y acceso vascular para los estudiantes del último curso de enfermería.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar o conhecimento e a experiência de graduandos de enfermagem relacionados à terapia infusional e aos acessos vasculares periféricos. Métodos: pesquisa descritiva, transversal, analítica, com 123 estudantes do curso de graduação em enfermagem que responderam a um instrumento semiestruturado. Resultados: a maioria, mulheres, com mediana de 51 anos; 87% consideraram o ensino recebido insuficiente para atuar na prática clínica. A média de pontos geral de conhecimento foi de 78,1 (DP± 8,97). Os temas flushing e lock do cateter (38,1%), seleção do cateter (34,2%), equipamentos para infusão (30,9%) e sítio de inserção (30,9%) apresentaram número significativo de erros. Conclusões: aulas práticas e realização de procedimentos nos serviços de saúde foram preditores para um melhor conhecimento sobre terapia infusional e acesso vascular pelos estudantes do curso de graduação em enfermagem.

Gestión del capital venoso de los recién nacidos hospitalizados: catéter de línea media (CM) con técnica adaptada. Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital Público de Chile / Venous capital management of hospitalized newborns: midline catheter (MC) with adapted technique. Neonatology Service, Chilean public hospital

INTRODUCCIÓN: El catéter midline o de línea media (CM) es un dispositivo de acceso vascular que mide de 6 a 20cm, con la punta del dispositivo ubicado en venas basílica, braquial o cefálica debajo del pliegue axilar. El catéter de línea media se caracteriza por ser un acceso confiable y proporcionar menores complicaciones que un catéter intravenoso periférico corto. Este tipo de dispositivo vascular se ha utilizado ampliamente en adultos, pero faltan estudios desarrollados en el área neonatal. OBJETIVO: fue describir las características de la utilización de catéter midline con técnica adaptada en recién nacidos hospitalizados con necesidad de terapia intravascular en un hospital público de Chile, durante 2 años de seguimiento. METODOLOGÍA: Investigación descriptiva y retrospectiva, estuvo orientada a la identificación de las variables relacionadas a: tiempo de permanencia, características de la terapia intravascular, sitio de inserción, complicaciones y causa de retiro. RESULTADOS: La muestra estuvo conformada por 163 usuarios entre 24 y 41 semanas de edad gestacional, peso de nacimiento en un rango de 500 y 4880 gramos. El 87,7% se retiró por término de tratamiento intravascular, mientras que el 12,3% del total de los CM presentó complicaciones. El promedio de rendimiento del CM fue de 7,99 días, el sitio de inserción más frecuente correspondió a extremidad superior derecha, mientras que su utilización estuvo dada principalmente para fleboterapia, antibióticos y nutrición parenteral periférica. CONCLUSIÓN: Se concluye que el CM con técnica adaptada en usuarios neonatales presenta una alta tasa de éxito para completar la terapia intravascular periférica y bajo porcentaje de complicaciones.

INTRODUCTION: The midline catheter (MC) is a vascular access device measuring 6 to 20cm, with the tip of the device located in the basilic, brachial or cephalic veins below the axillary crease. The midline catheter is characterized as a reliable access and provides fewer complications than a short peripheral intravenous catheter. This type of vascular device has been widely used in adults, but studies developed in the neonatal area are lacking. OBJECTIVE: to describe the characteristics of the use of midline catheter with adapted technique in hospitalized newborns in need of intravascular therapy in a public hospital in Chile, during 2 years of follow-up. METHODOLOGY: Descriptive and retrospective research was oriented to the identification of variables related to: length of stay, characteristics of intravascular therapy, site of insertion, complications and cause of withdrawal. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 163 users between 24 and 41 weeks of gestational age, birth weight in the range of 500 and 4880 grams. Eighty-seven point seven percent were withdrawn due to the end of intravascular treatment, while 12.3% of the total MC presented complications. The average MC performance was 7.99 days, the most frequent insertion site corresponded to the right upper extremity, while its use was mainly for phlebotherapy, antibiotics and peripheral parenteral parenteral nutrition. CONCLUSION: The MC with adapted technique in neonatal users presents a high success rate to complete peripheral intravascular therapy and a low percentage of complications.

Clinical simulation scenarios for the planning and management of infusion therapy by nurses / Escenarios de simulación clínica para la planificación y gestión de la terapia de infusión por enfermeras / Cenários de simulação clínica para o planejamento e gerenciamento da terapia infusional pelo enfermeiro

ABSTRACT Objective: to build, evaluate and test two clinical simulation scenarios for the planning and management of infusion therapy by nurses. Methods: methodological study, with construction of scenarios based on the NLN Jeffries Simulation Theory and the theoretical model Vessel Health Preservation; evaluation of the scenario design by judges, with calculation of the Modified Kappa Coefficient (MKC); testing scenarios with the target audience. Results: scenarios built for: 1. Patient assessment and vascular device selection; and 2. Identification and management of deep vein thrombosis. In the evaluation by judges, testing of validated scenarios in relation to educational practices and simulation design, the items evaluated presented MKC values ≥ 0.74. Conclusion: two evidence-based scenarios related to infusion therapy were constructed, with high levels of agreement among judges regarding their design. In testing with nurses, good results were obtained regarding the design and structuring of educational practice.

RESUMEN Objetivo: construir, evaluar y probar dos escenarios de simulación clínica para planificar y gestionar terapias de infusión por enfermeros. Métodos: es un estudio metodológico, con escenarios basados en la Teoría de la Simulación de Jeffries NLN y en el modelo teórico Vessel Health Preservation; evaluación del diseño de los escenarios por jueces mediante cálculo del Coeficiente de Kappa Modificado (CKM); prueba de los escenarios con el público-objeto. Resultados: escenarios construidos para: 1. evaluación de pacientes y selección de dispositivos vasculares; y 2. identificación y manejo de trombosis venosa profunda. En la evaluación por jueces, en la prueba de los escenarios validados respecto a las prácticas educativas y en el diseño de la simulación, los ítems sopesados alcanzaron el CKM ≥ 0,74. Conclusión: se construyeron dos escenarios sobre evidencias relacionadas con la terapia de infusión, con valores de concordancia altos entre los jueces, referente a su diseño. En las pruebas con enfermeros, se obtuvieron buenos resultados en cuanto al diseño y a la estructuración de la práctica educativa.

RESUMO Objetivo: construir, avaliar e testar dois cenários de simulação clínica para o planejamento e gerenciamento da terapia infusional pelo enfermeiro. Método: estudo metodológico, com construção de cenários baseado na NLN Jeffries Simulation Theory e no modelo teórico Vessel Health Preservation; avaliação do desenho dos cenários por juízes, com cálculo do Coeficiente de Kappa Modificado (CKM); testagem dos cenários com o público-alvo. Resultados: cenários construídos para: 1. Avaliação do paciente e seleção do dispositivo vascular; e 2. Identificação e gerenciamento de trombose venosa profunda. Na avaliação por juízes, na testagem dos cenários validados em relação às práticas educativas e ao design da simulação, os itens apreciados apresentaram valores do CKM ≥ 0,74. Conclusão: foram construídos dois cenários baseados em evidências relacionadas à terapia infusional, com elevados valores de concordância dos juízes, quanto ao seu desenho. Na testagem com enfermeiros, obteve-se bons resultados quanto ao desenho e estruturação da prática educativa.