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@#Objective （ ） To explore the application value of bone suppression imaging BSI in the diagnosis of occupational （ pneumoconiosis） Methods - pneumoconiosis hereinafter referred to as " " . A total of 330 chest films of high kV digital （ ） radiograph DR of patients with suspected pneumoconiosis were selected by convenient sampling method. BSI is applied to the ， ， ， ， chest films and the differences of small opacity shape small opacity aggregation the number of large opacity lung areas small （ ）， opacity profusion and diagnostic stage of pneumoconiosis were analyzed by simple DR reading DR group simple BSI reading （ ） （ ） Results BSI group and DR and BSI combined reading combined group . There was no significant difference in the distribution of small shadows and the detection rate of small shadows aggregation and large shadows in pneumoconiosis among （ P ） ， the three film reading methods all >0.05 . For the concentration distribution of each lung area there was statistically （P< ）， significant difference between the DR group and the BSI group 0.05 but there was no statistically significant difference ， （ P ） between the DR group and the combined group and between the BSI group and the combined group all >0.05 . The results of ， consistency analysis showed that the DR group and the BSI group and the DR group and the combined group had high （ ， P< consistency in the judgment of small shadow intensity in the lung region both weighted Kappa coefficient were 0.75 all ） 0.01 . There was a high consistency between BSI group and DR group and combined group and DR group in the diagnosis of （ ， ， P< ） ， pneumoconiosis stage weighted Kappa coefficient were 0.77 0.79 all 0.01 . Compared with the DR group the diagnostic ， rate of pneumoconiosis stage Ⅰwas significantly reduced and the diagnostic rate of pneumoconiosis stage Ⅱ was significantly （ P< ） ， increased in the BSI group and the combined group all 0.01 . However there was no significant difference in the diagnosticrate of pneumoconiosis stage Ⅲ >0.05 . Both the BSI reading and DR and BSI combined reading can improve ， the display of pneumoconiosis lesions to varying degrees and therefore can improve the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis. In ， addition the identification and diagnosis of pneumoconiosis lesions in the BSI reading is comparable to that in the combined ， group which has a good application value in the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis.
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Objective To estimate the application frequency of X-ray diagnosis in Fujian province in 2016 based on the examination number survey in sampled hospitals in 9 cities.Methods Using the national unified questionnaire and stratified typical sampling method,a total of 43 hospitals in 9 cities of Fujian province were selected for the survey.The survey information mainly contained the basic situation of sampled hospitals and the number of X-ray diagnostic examinees.The basic situation included the numbers of out-patient and emergency care,in-patient,X-ray diagnostic equipment and radiological staff,and the examinees were further classified by examination types,gender,ages and beam positions.Furthermore,based on the survey result,a prediction model of the application frequency of X-ray diagnosis in Fujian province was established,and the frequency in 2016 was also estimated.Results There were 418 sets of X-ray diagnostic equipment,and 1 230 radiological diagnostic staff in the 43 hospitals.The total number of out-patient,emergency care and in-patient was 30 919 162,and the number of X-ray diagnostic examinations was 4 277 518 in the hospitals in 2016.In 2016,the application frequency of X-ray diagnosis in Fujian province was estimated to be 695 examinations per thousand population.Among them,the frequencies of conventional X-ray photography and CT examinations were 373 and 293 examinations per thousand population,respectively.Conclusions Through this survey,the general situation of X-ray diagnostic application in Fujian province in 2016 was grasped,so as to provide reference data for improving the regulations and standards of radiation health protection and strengthening the supervision and management of the application of X-ray diagnostic equipment in Fujian province.
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Objective: To evaluate the application value of large flat-panel multifunction digital machine in digestive system. Methods: Exam the gastrointestinal tract and biliary with dynamic detector, and then observe its advantages and disadvantages. Results: All the 13 gastrointestinal cancer lesions and 15 inflammatory lesions were shown clearly, including mucosa. Biliary tomography found two small stones, which were undetected by the general X-ray photography. The excellent rate of the photo was improved to 98%. Conclusion: The advantages of the flat panel detector include the wide range of display, clear image of digital pulse fluoroscopy spot film, the improvement of the diagnostic accuracy and the reduction in radiation dose. The disadvantage is that it is more inconvenient than the remote cradle gastrointestinal machine in rotating the position of the patient.
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Objective: Explore photography position of mammary gland molybdenum target X-ray digital image quality. Methods: To choose from June 2011-June 2012 1120 patients for 4320 patients of mammary gland molybdenum target X-ray digital image analysis, image classification statistics of different position of photography, the unqualified reason caused by the image and the influence factors are analyzed. Results: Not class a piece of 292 images in the 4320 images, not percent of pass is 6.76%, unqualified 81 of non-artificial factors, unqualified reason is due to changes in patients mammary gland, unable to obtain high quality images, accounted for 27.74%, improper operation and set 211, accounted for 72.26%, above that are caused by unqualified image after carefully designed rephotography is class a Conclusion:the high quality images needs not only advanced imaging technology equipment and operation, at the same time requires accurate position placement and elaborate design, All three are short of one cannot.
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Objective To survey the current dose level for adults undergoing posteroanterior (PA) chest X-ray photography in Shanghai,and to analyze the main factors affecting the dose level.Methods The thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) were deployed to measure entrance surface dose (ESD) in the center of radiated fields.According to the numbers of three types of X-ray equipment and their distribution among different grade hospitals in Shanghai,the ESDs were surveyed for 1032 adults undergoing examination of PA chest X-ray photography from 2008 to 2010,and the relevant information was also recorded.The differences of the mean ESDs among different grade hospitals,equipment types and photographic parameters were statistically analyzed.Results The arithmetic mean of the ESDs for adults undergoing examination of PA chest X-ray photography in Shanghai was 0.23 mGy,and the 75th percentile value was 0.29 mGy,which were all below the current China diagnostic reference level (0.40 mGy).The averaged ESDs were significantly correlated with the grade of hospital,the equipment types and the photographic parameters.Conclusions Compared with the value in the last century,the ESD for adults undergoing PA chest X-ray photography in Shanghai obviously decreases,and there are the potentials for further reduction.
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Objective To improve the accuracy of diagnosis and differential diagnosis of nonossifying fibroma (NOF) by comparing with the image features of X-ray and CT and pathological characteristics,Methods The images of X-ray and CT of 28 patients underwent surgery and pathological confirmed NOF were studied retrospectively.Results NOF often occurred in the metaphysis of long bone or backbone with mild clinical symptoms.Eighteen lesions occurred in tibia,9 in femur and 1 in humerus.In 19 cortical cases,there was a single room or multiple rooms translucent zone in cortex or subcortex with dense surrounding.In 9 medullary cases,lesions as a single room or multiple rooms ranslucent zone with dense surrounding developed in the central area of the bone with thinning corex slightly bulg ed to periphery.Conclusion The images of NOF have some characteristic.X-ray and CT are very useful tools in diagnosis of NOF.Thin layer scanning and multiplanar reconstruction of multi-layers spiral CT can more clearly show the imaging features of NOF.
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Objective To study the application value of digitization radiography in group wound. Methods Emergency patient were taken photos on all positions by the system of digitized X-ray phantom equipment DR or CR. Results Image quality was improved and the success ratio of taking photo reached 100%. Both lasting time of examination and the radiation dose reduced. Conclusion The application of digitized X-ray photography is superior to that of the system of traditional screen or piece,which provides more information of photography for clinical in time.
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Objective To use high and low condition to get contrast radiography of nasal bone photograph to raise the image quality. Methods 75 cases with nasal bone injury were adopted as the subjects. Results In 75 cases of nasal bone wound,93% could meet the demand. Conclusion Nasal bone side position photography in high and low codition can rasie the image quality and meet the clinical diagnosis demand in maxium degraee.
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Objective:To explore new methods of X-ray photography for acromioclavicular dislocation. Methods :20 patients with acromioclavicular dislocation were examined with the position of shoulder frontal-back, internal rotation of the arm and partial inner revolve position respectively; Results:3 patients belonged to typeⅠdislocation, about 15%; 7 patients belonged to type Ⅱdislocation, about 35%; 10 patients belonged to type Ⅲ, about 50%; Conclusion:Patients with acromioclavicular dislocation were mostly diagnosed by the examine with the position of shoulder front-back and internal rotation of the arm, TypeⅢ dislocation could be found in partial inner revolve position.
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Objective To investigate the applied of CR system in X-ray photography bedside.Methods X-ray photography bedside was proformed in 900 cases.The imaging quality in excellent,good and poor was evaluated.Results Of 900 cases,the imaging quality was excellent in 780 cases (86.7%),good in 116 cases (12.9%) and poor in 4 cases(0.4%).Conclusion The imaging quality of CR in excellent,to the back processings,it is conveninent in the digital store and longdistance transport.
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Objective To investigate the magnitude of dose equivalent of exposure dose in different organs of human being using high and low KV X-Ray photography in chest.Methods Dose equivalent of exposure in point of centricity,thyroid,mammary gland and pubic symphysis were detected using thermoluminescence determinator when photographed using different size of exposure field or high and low KV in chest.Results Using center measure point as reference point,dose equivalent in high KV reduced 82% in average to low KV in posterior-anterior position of chest,dose equivalent in high KV reduced 194% in average to low KV in lateral position of chest.All dose equivalent of exposure dose in sensitive organs in non-projection center in high KV photography lower than those in low KV photography.Conclusion When the KV is as high as possible and the exposure field is as small as possible,each dose equivalent of exposure dose of organs out of exposure field is decrease.Dose equivalent of exposure dose in mammary is the highest,those in thyroid is the secondary,and genitical gland area has the lowest dose.
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Objective To investigate the application of slide pat and the prevention of secondary lesion when carrying injured patients.Methods 1 050 surgical cases were summarized retrospectively who undergoing X-ray examination with skull/vertebral/ lower limbs injured.The patient was moved on a special slide pat between bed and examining table with no change in body-position and the nursing staffs can keep the fracture stable with delicate and coordinated technique.Results No abnormal signs occurred when patients were carried on the special slide pat.Conclusion It is time-saving and labor-saving to move patients using slide pat.Because the changing times of body position are greatly reduced,so the patients are relieved and severe complication was prevented.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2008,29(2):86-87]
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Digital X-ray photography has been applied to clinical medicine in recent 3years.This paper introduces the development situation of the flat detectors for digital X-ray photography.The technical indexes and structure differences of the detectors are presented in this paper.