A Rare Case of Yolk Sac Tumour in Postmenopausal Lady

Epithelial tumours are the most common ovarian neoplasm in postmenopausal age group. Yolk sac tumour is a type of germ cell tumour which is common in younger age group. Occurrence of such tumour in postmenopausal women is extremely rare and not more than 55 cases have been reported so far in English literature. Often in such cases an association with benign or malignant epithelial tumours have been described. We report a strange case of Yolk sac tumour in a 57 year old postmenopausal lady who presented to us with chief complaints of abdominal distension and early satiety. She underwent exploratory laparotomy with presumed diagnosis of carcinoma ovary. Upon exploration she had extensive disease with peritoneal nodules and metastatic deposits over small bowel mesentery. Debulking surgery in form of total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy, infracolic omentectomy and stripping of anterior peritoneum was done. Postoperative histopathological examination showed presence of high grade adeno carcinoma of left ovary with omental metastasis. On immunohistochemistry cells were immunoreactive for cytokeratin, Glypican 3, SALL 4 and negative for EMA,CK-7,CK-20,PAX8 and OCT 4.The clinical picture was consistent for Yolk Sac tumour. Postoperatively she was planned for chemotherapy with BEP. Her pulmonary function testing was suggestive of severe restrictive disease. She received one cycle of EP. One month later she developed ascites and melena and succumbed to her disease

Primary extragonadal vaginal yolk sac tumour: A case report

@#Yolk sac tumour (YST) or endodermal sinus tumour is rare and typically seen in gonads. Case Report: We described a case of extragonadal vaginal YST in a one year and seven months old girl who presented with vaginal discharge and bleeding, and discuss its differential diagnosis and potential pitfalls in immunohistochemistry. She was found to have a suprapubic mass on examination. The serum alpha fetoprotein was 11919.4 ng/mL. Computed tomography of the pelvis revealed a large 6.4 cm heterogenous pelvic mass. Colposcopic examination of the pelvis showed a fungating vaginal mass that was subsequently confirmed as a yolk sac tumour. Immunohistochemically, the malignant cells were positive toward CKAE1/AE3, AFP and glypican-3, as well as CD117. Discussion: Solid pattern extragonadal vaginal YST may morphologically resemble dysgerminoma that is also CD117 positive, while the glandular pattern YST may have clear cytoplasm and is positive for cytokeratin; hence, may resemble clear cell carcinoma. Being mindful of these potential diagnostic caveats is necessary to prevent misdiagnosis.

Challenges in the Management of a Child with Yolk Sac Tumour of the Nasal Cavity Presenting with Epistaxis and Progressive Respiratory Distress

@#Yolk Sac tumour (YST) of the nasal cavity is extremely rare with only less than five previously reported cases in the English literature. Due to its rarity, the diagnosis is not one that is considered at initial presentation until tissue biopsies are sent for histopathological examination. Serum α-fetoprotein levels aid in diagnosis and in monitoring progression of the tumour. Being a very uncommon tumour of germ cell origin presenting as localized disease in the nasal cavity, prognosis and survival rates are difficult to determine. We are reporting a rare yolk sac tumour case in an infant and the challenges encountered in its management.

Malignant mixed germ cell tumours of ovary. A Report of two cases.

Malignant germ cell tumours of ovary comprise less than 5% of all ovarian neoplasms. Malignant mixed germ cell tumours are still rare. Most common combination in mixed germ cell tumours is that of Dysgerminoma & yolk sac tumour. Mixed tumours showing three germ cell components and four or five germ cell components are still rare. Here we report two cases of Malignant mixed germ cell tumours with a histologic combination of Immature teratoma, Dysgerminoma & Yolk sac tumour. Review of literature also showed such type of combination.