One View of the Establishment of the Relationship Between the Zang-Fu and the Meridians in the Huangdi Neijing Suwen / 全日本鍼灸学会雑誌

[Objective] The Zang-Fu and the meridians, which are one of the foundations of modern acupuncture and moxibustion medical education, appeared in "Lingshu" in the "Meridian" section. However, the Zang-Fu and the meridians each has a history of independent development in ancient China Before the Common Era. The purpose of this study is to investigate the process by which the meridians came to be associated with the Zang-Fu, drawing from descriptions in "Suwen", which was compiled Before the Common Era.[Method] The source literature of this study is "Revisions and Extensive Notes on the Huangdi Neijing Suwen", with reference to "Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine and Classic Research" by MARUYAMA Masao to classify compilations of "Suwen". The research items are the names of the Zang and the Fu, the relationships between the Zang and the Fu, and the piao-li relationships of the Zang-Fu and the three Yin and three Yang of the hands and feet. [Result] The names for the Zang were Liver, Heart, Spleen, Lungs and Kidneys, and for the Fu were Small Intestine, Bladder, Gallbladder, Large Intestine, Stomach, and Sanjiao. The Zang-Fu relationships were Lungs-Large Intestine, Spleen-Stomach, Heart-Small Intestine, Kidney-Bladder, Liver-Gall Bladder, and Chronic Illness-Sanjiao. The piao-li relationships of the Zang-Fu and the three Yin and three Yang of the hands and feet were Foot Thai-Yang and Shao-Yin, Foot Shao-Yang and Chueh-Yin, Foot Yang-Ming and Thai-Yin, Hand Thai-Yang and Shao-Yin, Hand Yang-Ming and Thai-Yin, and Hand Shao-Yang and Heart. The Liver is treated by Foot Chueh-Yin and Shao-Yang, the Heart is treated Hand Shao-Yin and Thai-Yang, the Spleen is treated by Foot Thai-Yin and Yang-Ming, the Lungs are treated by Hand Thai-Yin and Yang-Ming, and the Kidneys are treated by Foot Shao-Ying and Thai-Yang. There was the expression "太陰陽明表裏為脾胃脈也" that Hand-Foot, Yin-Yang and the Zang-Fu were grouped by their Piao-li relationships. And there were the expressions saying "Shao-Yin is the Kidneys" and "Yang-Ming is the Stomach", although these were not in complete form. [Discussion] The Zang-Fu meridians, combining the Zang-Fu and the meridians, started from the Spleen-Stomach. There were other expressions combining the Zang-Fu with the meridians, although these were also not in complete form. While medicine at that time was being organized and integrated with the Yin-Yang and Five Elements theories, the relationships between the Zang-Fu and the meridians were also established. And it is inferred that the process of combining these and developing them into a new medical system existed during this period. [Conclusion] The relationships between the Zang-Fu and the meridians were established in "Suwen", which was compiled Before the Common Era, and the expression combining them started from "太陰陽明表裏為脾胃脈也".

Clinical study of acupuncture using the principle of invigorating viscera and purging fu, replenishing qi and nourishing yin for the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with qi and yin deficiency / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of acupuncture with invigorating viscera and purging fu, replenishing qi and nourishing yin for the T2DM patients with qi and yin deficiency syndrome.Methods:A total of 59 patients who met the inclusion criteria from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020 in the Endocrinology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine were divided into the acupuncture group with 30 cases and a control group with 29 cases, according to the random number table method. The control group received conventional hypoglycemic treatment. And the acupuncture group was treated with acupuncture on the basis of the control group treatment. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. TCM syndrome scores were performed before and after treatment, respectively. Serum IL-6 was measured by ELISA, serum CRP by immunoturbidimetry, and serum fasting blood glucose (FPG), 2 hPG, HbAlc, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C levels by spectrophotometry. The BMI, clinical effect rates were calculated.Results:The total effective rate was 96.7% (29/30) in acupuncture group and 75.9% (22/29) in control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=5.96, P<0.01). After treatment, the scores of fatigue, dryness of mouth and pharynx, spontaneous sweating and night sweating, shortness of breath and lazy speech in acupuncture group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 6.02, 4.31, 4.34, 3.63, respectively, all Ps<0.01). The serum CRP level in acupuncture group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 21, 48 d after treatment ( t values were -4.36, -3.75, respectively, all Ps<0.01), and IL-6 level was significantly lower than that of the control group at 14, 21, 28 d after treatment ( t values were -2.92, -5.35, -8.71, respectively, all Ps<0.01). After treatment, the serum TC [(4.62±0.68) mmol/L vs. (5.56±0.72) mmol/L, t=5.16], TG [(1.48±0.42) mmol/L vs. (2.12±0.89) mmol/L, t=3.55], LDL-C [(2.48±0.84) mmol/L vs.(3.02±0.95) mmol/L, t=2.32] in the acupuncture group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05), HDL-C [(1.39±0.27) mmol/L vs. (1.26±0.22) mmol/L, t=-2.02] in the acupuncture group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05). The serum FPG level at 21 d [(6.12±0.67) mmol/L vs. (6.57±0.61) mmol/L, t=-4.96], 28 d [(5.78±0.52) mmol/L vs. (6.49±0.58) mmol/L, t=-2.70] in acupuncture group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). The 2h PG level at 14 d after treatment [(10.23±1.06) mmol/L vs. (11.76±1.34) mmol/L, t=-4.87], 21 d [(9.05±0.98) mmol/L vs. (10.53±1.24) mmol/L, t=-5.10], 28 d [(7.45±0.69) mmol/L vs. (9.31±0.78) mmol/L, t=-9.71] in the acupuncture group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01), and HbA1c level were decreased 14 d [(7.93±0.86)% vs. (8.52±0.97)%, t=-2.47], 21 d [(7.63±0.85)% vs. (8.15±0.92)%, t=-2.26], 28 d [(6.47±0.51)% vs. (7.51±0.62)%, t=-7.05] significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01), BMI [(22.13±1.57) kg/m 2vs. (24.16±1.82) kg/m 2, t=-4.59] 28 d after treatment was significantly lower than that of the control group ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Acupuncture therapy of nourishing viscera and purging fu, nourishing qi and nourishing yin can regulate the disorder of glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with T2DM and syndrome of qi and yin deficiency.

Clinical study on self-made Jianpi-Tiaogan-Wenshen decoction in the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the efficacy of self-made Jianpi-Tiaogan-Wenshen decoction in the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).@*Methods@#A total of 107 patients with diarrhea- predominant IBS who met the inclusion criteria were divided into control group (53 cases) and observation group (54 cases) by random number table method. On the basis of routine treatment, the control group was given Bifidobacterium triple viable powder and trimebutine maleate dispersible tablets, while the observation group was given self-made Jianpi-Tiaogan-Wenshen decoction. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. The symptoms and signs were scored before and after treatment. The level of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was measured by double antibody sandwich method. The mast cell count was observed under high power microscopy, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.@*Results@#The total effective rate was 90.7% (49/54) in the observation group and 60.4% (32/53)in the control group, and there was significant difference between the two groups (χ2=13.406, P<0.01). After treatment, the levels of mast cell count (10.03 ± 2.19 pcs/Hp vs. 14.85 ± 1.98 pcs/Hp, t=11.935), 5-HT (7.06 ±1.37 mg/L vs. 9.67 ± 1.31 mg/L, t=10.069) significantly decreased in the observation group (P<0.05). After treatment, the VAS score, stool frequency score and stool character score of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (t=11.560, 11.957, 20.539, respectively, P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Self-made Jianpi-Tiaogan-Wenshen decoction can improve clinical symptomsof diarrhea-predominant IBS patients, reduce mast cell count and 5-HT level, and improve the clinical efficacy.

Advances in Modern Research on the Liver Function in Traditional Chinese Medicine and its Association with Other Organs / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

The liver in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory of visceral manifestation has rich connotations. Thestructure and function of liver differed from that of liver in modern recognition. Research on TCM theory has partiallyexplained the liver theory. The function of controlling dispersion of liver was associated with neuro-endocrine-immunesystem, liver sinus endothelial function, and metallothionein, etc. While the activity of storing blood of liver related withblood coagulation factors, anticoagulant and so on. The functional interaction between Zang-organ and Fu-organ maycorrelate with the lung-liver axis and liver-intestine axis. The review summarized the modern explanation on liverfunction in TCM and its relationship with Fu-organs to help the development of TCM basic theory in liver function.

Investigating the Pathogenetic Development of Alzheimer's Disease from the Perspective of "Transformation of Zang-fu Meridians" / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

It is great value to analyze the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease for the formulation and research of prevention and treatment strategies. The change of zang-fu meridians and collaterals is the essential rule of the pathogenesis of internal injury and miscellaneous diseases. Based on the analysis of the physiological basis of the aging changes of zang-fu meridians and the relationship between dementia and the abnormal function of zang-fu meridians and collaterals, this paper systematically explored the relationship between the changes of zang-fu meridians and the pathogenesis of dementia. It is considered that the change of zang-fu meridians and collaterals is the basic law of its pathogenesis development. Therefore, it is proposed that strengthening Qi is the essential principle throughout the whole process of dementia, and dredging channels and collaterals and maintaining normal function of meridians and collaterals are the key to block the pathogenesis evolution of dementia.

Relationship Between Distribution of Oral Ulcer and Zang-fu Viscera Syndrome Differentiation / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To study the relationship between the distribution of oral ulcer and the syndrome differentiation of Zang-fu viscera. Methods We collected the data of 65 oral ulcer patients admitted in Stomatology Department,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from January of 2015 to July of 2016. The data of emotion,diet,sleep,history of digestive tract disease,and family history of the patients with tongue ulcer and the patients with labio-buccal ulcer were compared. The relationship of the distribution of labio-buccal ulcer,tongue-tip ulcer,and ulcer of lateral part of the tongue with Zang-fu viscera syndrome differentiation was analyzed by statistical software SAS 9.2. Results(1)Tongue ulcer group had higher incidence of anxiety and higher percentage of history of digestive tract disease than labio-buccal ulcer group(P<0.01,P<0.05). (2)Labio-buccal ulcer mostly had a correlation with spleen deficiency blended with dampness or gastrointestinal accumulating heat, the tongue-tip ulcer mostly had a correlation with heart-fire flaring up, and the ulcer of lateral part of tongue mostly had a correlation with pathogenic fire derived from liver-qi stagnation, the difference among the 3 groups being statistically significant(P < 0.01). Conclusion The distribution of oral ulcer has a correlation with Zang-fu viscera syndrome differentiation.

Textual research on origin and development of Zang-Fu syndrome differentiation / 国际中医中药杂志

Zang-fu syndrome differentiation from Huangdi Neijing, laid the theoretical foundation. Hua Tuo'S Zhongzhang Jing, Sun Simiao's Qianjin-Yaofang, Zhang Yuansu Yixue-Qiyuan and other ancient physicians enriched the Zang-fu theory.Zang-fu syndrome differentiation became systematic and widely used in clinical. This paper traced the source of the theory, explored the development of syndrome differentiation theory.

Analysis on property of meridian supramolecules by biological evolution path / 中国针灸

With human placed in the whole nature, by following the biologic evolution path, the property of channel structure for "imprinting template" in meridian andwas explored with supramolecular chemistry. In the history of biologic evolution, each molecule in "molecule society" gradually developed into various highly-ordered supramolecular bodies based on self-identification, self-assembly, self-organization, self-replicating of"imprinting template", and thereby the original biochemical system was established, and finally evolved into human. In the forming process of supramolecular bodies, the channel structure of"imprinting template" in guest supramolecular bodies would be kept by host supramolecular bodies, and communicate with the outside to exchange materials, energy, information, otherwise life phenomenon could not continue, for which it was the chemical nature of biolo-gical supramolecular bodies for body to develop meridian. Therefore, the human was a gigantic and complicated supramolecules body in biological nature, and possessed the supramolecules "imprinting template" at each stage of evolution, for which the meridians were formed. When meridians converged, acupoints appeared; when acupointsconverged,appeared. With the promotion of the blood from heart, according to"imprinting template", the guest supramolecular bodies and host meridian produced-analysis, which was the-phenomenon of guest in meridian. It presented asimage of physiology and pathology as well as action regularities of medication and acupuncture tolerance, by which current various meridian viewpoints could be explained and propose the hypothesis of meridian supramolecular bodies. The meridian and its phenomenon was decide by its "imprinting template" of supramolecular bodies and self-reaction regularities, which abided through the living nature. This was the substance for meridian biology.

Discussion on specificity of acupoint effect based on "acupoint fordiseases" / 中国针灸

The specificity of acupoint effect is an important part of acupuncture theory. It has been one of the foci in acupuncture research domestically and abroad. This paper explores the specific relationship between Zusanli (ST 36) and stomach-intestine function based on the ancient records on "acupoint fordiseases" and the clinical and experimental researches on Zusanli(ST 36) treating digestive diseases. The physiological mechanism of the specificity is explained in terms of the spinal cord segment of Zusanli (ST 36) and gastrointestinal organs as well as the cerebral central effect of puncturing the acupoint. The aim of the paper is to provide more evidences for the specificity of acupoint effect indicated by "acupoint fordiseases".

Zang-fu Syndrome Differentiation of Dysuria in Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease / 浙江中医药大学学报

Objective] Make a research on curative properties from the aspect of zang-fu differentiation in dysuria of Zhang Zhong-Jing. [Methods] Detailly discussed about the properties of dysuria from five aspects: lung, spleen, kidney, triple energizer and bladder. Combine these factors with articles in Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease to estimate the condition of body fluid and prognosis of the disease. [Results]The several methods to diagnose and treat dysuria from the idea of Zang-fu Theory, such as ventilating lung and relieving the exterior, invigorating spleen and dissipating excessive fluid, purging and benefiting triple energizer, warming kidney and transforming qi, promoting urination and activating yang. Smooth or not of urine could help to locate the lesion viscera, determine the attribute of deficiency and excess of etiology and judge the prognosis of diseases. [Conclusion]Zhang Zhong-Jing ’s Zang-fu syndrome differentiation theory is an effective way to diagnose and cure dysuria in clinical practices, it is worthy of further research.

Treatment of Tinnitus and Deafness from Five Internal Organs / 浙江中医药大学学报

Today's society, many people are plagued by tinnitus and deafness. Chinese medicine on tinnitus and deafness disease and its therapies and for-mulas have discussed quite wel . It is believed that according to the features of the organs, treating tinnitus and deafness from the five internal organs is much better .The virtual is mostly related to the heart, spleen and kidney, but the real mostly related to the heart, liver and lungs. In the treatment of tin-nitus and deafness from the perspective of the kidney, attention should be paid to nourishing the kidneys and strengthening the essence. Treating from the spleen, attaches great importance to the spleen and replenishing qi, clearing material. Treatment from the aspects of liver, the first is to make qi run unob-structed, to prevent generating phlegm and fire. From pulmonary vessels, great importance should be attached to the recovery of dispersing the descending lung. Treated from heart, benefiting qi and nourishing blood should be given much attention not only to make up for its deficiency, but also attach great importance to the qi, send a fire on its reduction. Sick of longer time, compatibility on the basis of syndrome differentiation and treatment to invigorate the flux pulse, aromatic resuscitation of Chinese herbal medicine shal be used.

Mr. Wang Xugao's Treating Infants Diseases / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] To sum up Mr. Wang Xugao's experience in treating infants diseases. [Method] By analysis on infants medical cases treated by Mr. Wang Xugao such as fetus scare, child tuberculosis, Severe Malnutrition, acute asthmatic attack in children,etc., sum up his features in treating such dis-eases. [Result] In treating infants diseases, he pays attention to differentiation and analysis of organs deficiency and excessiveness, very according with the gist of Mr. Qian Yi's theory of infants physiologytender organs, un-enough Qi bloodand pathology easy deficiency and excessiveness, easy cold and hot. [Conclusion] Mr. Wang's treatment on infants diseases is flexible and changeable, with good cure effect.

Study on the Attributive Zang-Fu of TCM to the EBV Infection According to the Malignant Tumor / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To study on the attributive Zang-Fu of TCM to the EBV infection according to the malignant tumor. Methods The malignant tumor in-patients were reviewed to survey the EBV infection, and the nasopharyngeal carcinoma infected the EBV were reviewed to survey the transfer cancer occurance. Results Of the malignant tumor in-patients, there were high EBV infection appearances in the nasopharyngeal (87.5%), the liver (15.0%) the lung (8.3%). There was no EBV infection in the other malignant tumor in-patients. The transfer cancer of the nasopharyngeal carcinoma occurred in the liver (40%) and lung(25%). Conclusion The attributive Zang-Fu of TCM to the EBV infection are liver and lung.

Comparison of Differentiation of Syndromes by Zang-fu Viscera of Diseases between Ancient and Modern Times / 中华中医药杂志

Take the common diseases of TCM as the objects such as cough,retention of phlegm and morbid fluid,vomiting,diarrhea,diabetes,edema,stranguria,abdominal mass,jaundice,and consumption,the inherits and the differences in zang-fu syndromes of diseases between ancient time and now were inspected.As a result,a big difference has been appeared in zang-fu syndromes in distribution of same disease between ancient time and now.It mainly displays in: The quantity of zang-fu localizations of disease attribute is different;it has diversity on specific zang-fu organs in syndrome differentiation of disease;the main connected zang-fu organs are different;natures of zang-fu syndromes are different.It has the vital significance to profoundly understand the essence of treatment based on syndrome differentiation through out promulgating the tremendous changes of zang-fu syndrome differentiation of diseases between ancient and modern times.

Study on pathogenesis characteristics of zang-fu viscera in ZHANG Yuan-su’s books / 中华中医药杂志

ZHANG Yuan-su created the yishui school,based on his experience and the theory of Inner Canon of Huangdi,Zhong Zang Jing, Qianjin Yaofang and other books.ZHANG Yuan-su developed the distinctive pathogenesis theory of zang-fu visceral disease.He discussed pathogenesis theory of zang-fu visceral disease based on the key link of deficiency and abundance,cold and heat.He thought that the viscera-related disease had two kinds:the visceral disease and meridian disease.Based on the pathogenesis theory of zang-fu visceral disease from predecessor,he developed a unique zang-fu pathogenesis system.

Exploration on detailed typing of zang-fu differentiation / 中华中医药杂志

Starting from the clinical practice,this paper considers the common used syndrome typing in current of zang-fu differentiation are basic syndromes. It is too general,weak in pertinency and inconvenient for the clinical application. Therefore,we provide the new assumption about the detailed typing of zang-fu differentiation,and expatiate its concept,principle,basis and significance. Through these,TCM syndrome differentiation system can be expanded in some sense. The paper also provides a new way for building an objective and standard TCM system.

From the congenital body marks discussing vital gate being congenital origin / 中华中医药杂志

This artile mainly discusses about the congenital body marks such as invisible innateness, invisible innateness including water and fire, innateness without sthenia syndrome, innateness with five elements, innateness without relationship between zang and fu, innateness without meridians, relationship among the innateness and the memory, body fluid, and so on, from which analyzes that vital gate being congenital origin. This article concludes that the gate of life is congenital and points out that the gate of life is the sixth organ besides heart,liver,spleen,lung and kidney.

Latent problems and thinking of the standardization of syndrome differentiation based on the diseases of Western Medicine(WM) / 中华中医药杂志

The standardization of syndrome differentiation based on the diseases of WM has become an important academic guidance,which,however,has induced lots of problems.The logical contradiction was analyzed between the results of standardization of syndrome differentiation based on the diseases of TCM and WM,between the results of two large-scale standardizations of syndrome differentiation based on WM and between the results of syndrome differentiation of related diseases of WM.In this paper,the author studied on the origin of symptoms and signs of syndrome differentiation of the diseases of WM and the effect of standardization of syndrome differentiation of the diseases of WM on the nature and location of disease in TCM,and pointed out some important unresolved academic problems.

Unable to Confuse Two Different "Six Channels": Theory Origin of Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases (Shanghan Lun) and Synopsis of Golden Chamber (Jinkui Yao L?e) / 中华中医药杂志

Due to the history reasons,it was believed that Zhang Zhongjing wrote Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases(Shanghan Lun) according to Inner Canon of Huangdi(Huangdi Nei Jing),thus Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases(Shanghan Lun) was explained by means of six channels,zang-fu viscera and meridian from Inner Canon of Huangdi(Huangdi Nei Jing),so that we can not comprehend medical science of Zhang Zhongjing correctly.By textual research data confirmed,Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases(Shanghan Lun) written by Zhang Zhongjing was not according to Inner Canon of Huangdi(Huangdi Nei Jing),its main content formulae-syndromes was coming from Tangye Jing Fa etc classical formulae medicine.Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases mainly inherited differentiation of syndromes by eight principles and added half exterior and half interior concept to form differentiation of syndromes by six channels theory,in this way,it made six channels as key line,formulae-syndromes as item,coming into being the unique system of treatment based on syndrome differentiation."Six channels" in Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases and Inner Canon of Huangdi has different theory concepts,so when readouting Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases,we should not confuse the two concepts.