Résumé
Aging is one of the most important risk factors for human diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases, and many aging diseases are related to cellular aging. Cells show profound phenotypic changes during aging, which are driven by changes in metabolism, chromatin organizationand transcriptional activity. A significant feature of aging is the secretion of inflammatory mediators, including various cytokines, chemokines, extracellular matrix proteins and growth factors, collectively known as the aging-related secreted phenotype (SASP). By secreting SASP, senescent cells have important effects on many biological processes, such as wound healing, tissue repair, tumor formation, or in vivo reorganization. In addition, the inflammatory response associated with SASP is considered to be the basis of aging-related diseases, and the discovery of new targets to control the response of aging effects is crucial. Recent scientific advances have shown that innate immune responses, particularly those involving the cGAS-STING pathway, trigger SASP. In this article, we review the biological function and regulatory mechanism of SASP through the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in aging diseases.
Résumé
Objective·To investigate the effect of population aging on health condition of Emergency Department (ED) visitors, the disease constitution of ED, the pressure of emergency treatment and the emergency department length of stay (EDLOS). Methods·Patient data from ED of a tertiary hospital in Shanghai from Jan. 2014 to Dec. 2016 were collected and retrospectively analyzed, including gender, age, arrival time, diagnosis, EDLOS, outcome, chronic disease, infection or tumor, etc. Statistics was used to determine possible factors associated with prolonged EDLOS. Results·A total of 15429 cases were selected. The number of the elderly patients (≥65 years old) was 8480 (54.96%). The elderly patients' EDLOS was significantly longer than patients younger than 65 years (P=0.000). The incidence of chronic aging diseases was significantly higher in elderly patients (67%) than in who were below 65 years old (52%). Tumor and infection were independent risk factors for EDLOS (P=0.000). The proportion of elderly patients with acute onset and unknown diseases was only 14%. Conclusion·The increasing proportion of elderly patients in ED is the main reason leading to the pressure of emergency treatment. The elderly patients who had chronic diseases prolong the EDLOS and cost the most medical resources of emergency treatment. So the gerontology should be rapidly expanding. Meanwhile, the complex chronic aging diseases, acute onset of chronic disease and varying severity of disease in the elderly patients should be treated by the new stepping mode "Family- Hospitalization-Emergency".
Résumé
Objective·To investigate the effect of population aging on health condition of Emergency Department (ED) visitors, the disease constitution of ED, the pressure of emergency treatment and the emergency department length of stay (EDLOS). Methods·Patient data from ED of a tertiary hospital in Shanghai from Jan. 2014 to Dec. 2016 were collected and retrospectively analyzed, including gender, age, arrival time, diagnosis, EDLOS, outcome, chronic disease, infection or tumor, etc. Statistics was used to determine possible factors associated with prolonged EDLOS. Results·A total of 15429 cases were selected. The number of the elderly patients (≥65 years old) was 8480 (54.96%). The elderly patients' EDLOS was significantly longer than patients younger than 65 years (P=0.000). The incidence of chronic aging diseases was significantly higher in elderly patients (67%) than in who were below 65 years old (52%). Tumor and infection were independent risk factors for EDLOS (P=0.000). The proportion of elderly patients with acute onset and unknown diseases was only 14%. Conclusion·The increasing proportion of elderly patients in ED is the main reason leading to the pressure of emergency treatment. The elderly patients who had chronic diseases prolong the EDLOS and cost the most medical resources of emergency treatment. So the gerontology should be rapidly expanding. Meanwhile, the complex chronic aging diseases, acute onset of chronic disease and varying severity of disease in the elderly patients should be treated by the new stepping mode "Family- Hospitalization-Emergency".