Résumé
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype of breast cancer that is characterized by the lack of estro-gen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), thereby making it difficult to treat. Owing to the aggressive clinical behavior of TNBC and the lack of recognized molecular targets for therapy, patients with TNBC have shown poorer outcomes than those with other subtypes of breast cancer. Chemotherapy is the primary established systemic treatment for TNBC. However, various novel therapeutic targets have come into focus with the advances in molecular characterization of TNBC. In recent years, several targeted drugs have undergone clinical trials and have shown certain curative effects with relatively mild adverse reactions. The Food and Drug Administration has approved some of these drugs. In the current review, we have summa-rized the advances in the targeted therapy of TNBC.
Résumé
AIM: To evaluate the effects of the extract of Buddleja officinalis eye drops in basic tears secretory volume, tear film stability, expression of androgen receptors(AR) in castrated rats with dry eye, and to investigate the therapeutic effects of extract of Buddleja officinalis on dry eye caused by gonadal hormones level imbalance. METHODS:A total of 45 Wistar masculinity rats were divided at random into 9 groups, including normal group(A1,A2 and A3), model group(B1,B2 and B3), therapy group with extract of Buddleja officinalis eye drops(C1,C2 and C3). The "1" stood for being fed for 1 month, and "2" for 2 months, and "3" for 3 months. The dry eye model was established with orchiectomy on group B,C. Group C was treated with Buddleja officinalis extract eye drops for one month. All rats were checked with Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt) and tear film break-up time (BUT). Expression of AR was analyzed by flow cytometer(FCM). RESULTS:The SⅠt value of group C was significantly higher than that of group B (P<0.01) and the BUT value of group C was significantly longer than that of group B (P<0.01), which indicated the eye drop could significantly keep basic tears secretory volume and tear film stability. And the expression of AR of group C was much higher than that of group B,which showed that available composition of the eye drops maybe display androgen-like activity.CONCLUSION:The main components of extract of Buddleja officinalis is the flavonoids which could significantly inhibit happening of dry eye of rat after androgen level lowered. Its mechanism is like androgen's and it could display androgen-like activity to keep basic tears secretory volume and tear film stability.