Regulation Effect of Roxadustat on Blood Lipid Metabolism in Hemodialysis Patients / 医药导报

Objective To observe the regulatory effect of roxadustat on lipid metabolism while correcting anemia in hemodialysis patients.Methods Sixty patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD)receiving hemodialysis treatment at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital and combined with concurrent renal anemia were selected.These included 30 patients receiving erythropoietin(EPO)therapy at a dose of 10 000 U per week,and 30 patients receiving roxadustat treatment at a dose based on body weight.The patients'hemoglobin levels were measured,and data on lipid and iron metabolism-related indicators were collected for statistical analysis.Results After 6 months of treatment,the mean hemoglobin levels of both groups of patients were significantly higher than the baseline levels.The mean hemoglobin level in the roxadustat group was higher than that in the EPO group(114.1±7.88 vs.122.23±10.33,P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the achievement rate between the two groups(77%vs.93%,P>0.05).The total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and triglycerides(TG)in the roxadustat group decreased significantly(P<0.05),while there was no significant change in the EPO group.Compared with the EPO group,roxadustat showed an improvement in iron metabolism indicators.Conclusion Roxadustat has been shown to improve lipid metabolism while correcting anemia.

Effect of Five Huoxue Huayu Prescriptions on Blood Lipid Metabolism， Liver Tissue and ABCA1 and PPARγ Expression in New Zealand Rabbits with Blood Stasis Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of five Huoxue Huayu prescriptions on blood lipid metabolism， liver tissue and adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporter A1 （ABCA1） and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ（PPARγ） expression in New Zealand rabbits with blood stasis syndrome， and to compare their differences in order to provide laboratory evidence for clinical selection of prescriptions and drugs. MethodSeventy New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into normal group （n=10） and model group （n=60）. The blood stasis syndrome was modeled by the method of starvation+high-fat feed+adrenaline. After the models were successfully established， they were randomly divided into Xuefu Zhuyutang（3.55 g·kg-1·d-1） group， Danshenyin（1.962 g·kg-1·d-1） group， Shixiaosan（0.56 g·kg-1·d-1） group， Huoluo Xiaolingdan（2.80 g·kg-1·d-1） group， and Taohong Siwutang（2.66 g·kg-1·d-1） group， and were given corresponding compound prescriptions by gavage. The normal group and model group were given the same dose of distilled water. After the treatment of 30 consecutive days， blood was taken from the abdominal aorta to detect the content of total cholesterol （TC）， triglycerides （TG）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） and apolipoprotein A1 （ApoA1）. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining was used to observe the changes in liver tissue. Real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of ABCA1 and PPARγ in liver tissue， respectively. ResultCompared with the conditions in the normal group， increased mRNA and protein levels of HDL-C， LDL-C， TG， TC， and PPARγ （P<0.01）， decreased ApoA1 level （P<0.05） and decreased mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1 （P<0.01） were found in the model group. Compared with the conditions in the model group， the HDL-C level in the five Huoxue Huayu prescriptions was lowered （P<0.05）， and lowered TG level in Xuefu Zhuyutang group and Shixiaosan group （P<0.05）， decreased LDL-C and TC levels in Shixiaosan group （P<0.05）， and increased ApoA1 level in the Huoluo Xiaolingdan group （P<0.01） and Taohong Siwutang group （P<0.05） were observed. Furthermore， the mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1 in Xuefu Zhuyutang group， Shixiaosan group， Huoluo Xiaolingdan group and Taohong Siwutang group were elevated （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the elevated levels were higher than that of Danshenyin group （P<0.05）. The mRNA level of PPARγ in the five Huoxue Huayu prescriptions was reduced （P<0.01）， and its protein level was also decreased in Xuefu Zhuyutang group， Shixiaosan group， Huoluo Xiaolingdan group and Taohong Siwutang group （P<0.01）. ConclusionThe five Huoxue Huayu prescriptions had a certain therapeutic effect on dyslipidemia，which might be achieved by up-regulating the expression of ApoA1 and ABCA1 to promote the production of HDL-C and strengthen the excretion of dysfunctional HDL-C. And Xuefu Zhuyutang had the optimal effect in lowering lipid.

Effects of different steps of brisk walking on the fitness of middle-aged and old men / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To analyze the effect of walking pace on the fitness of middle-aged and elderly people in order to provide more theoretical data for the development of entensive mass fitness based on the means of sports physiological and biochemical techniques.@*METHODS@#The selected 80 middle-aged and elderly subjects were divided into three groups:brisk walking group A (=30, 56.26 ±3.68 years), brisk walking group B (=30, 57.65 ±4.78 years), and control group C (=20, 55. 73 ±4. 18 years). Exercise group A:10 000~12 000 steps/day, a total of 16 weeks; walking group B:10 000~12 000 steps/day in the first 10 weeks, 14 000~15 000 steps/day in the last 6 weeks. Control group C:keeping the normal living conditions. The indicators were tested before the experiment and after the tenth week and the sixteenth week of the experiment. Test indicators included systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, vital capacity, timed vital capacity, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol.@*RESULTS@#The levels of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and triglyceride were decreased significantly (<0.05, <0.01), while the vital capacity and high density lipoprotein cholesterol were increased significantly in both exercise groups afler 10 and 16 weeks compared with those in the same group betor test(<0. 05, <0. 01). The levels of diastolic blood pressure, timed vital capacity, serum triglyceride and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in exercise group B after 16 weeks were significantly higher than those of exercise group A (<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Ten thousand steps away every day can effectively improve the indexes of blood pressure, vital capacity, serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol of middle-aged and elderly men and it can further improve the indicator above by increasing the number of steps after 10 weeks.

Observation on the sensitivity of Wuzhishan, Tibetan and Bama minipigs to exogenous fats / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To observe the sensitivity of Wuzhishan, Tibetan and Bama minipigs to exogenous fats.Methods A total of 15 male minipigs including 5 WZS minipigs, 5 Tibetan minipigs and 5 Bama minipigs, were used in this study.The minipigs were intravenously injected with fat emulsion and fed with high-fat diet, and the changes of serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) levels were detected at 0.5 h, 1 h, 1.5 h, 2 h, 2.5 h and 3 h after intravenous injection of fat emulsion and at 3 h and 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, 48 h, 60 h, 72 h and 84 h after fed with high-fat diet, respectively, and calculated the changes of area under the curve (ΔAUC) values.Results The triglyceride (TG) in the three kinds minipigs were significantly increased (P Wuzhishan minipig > Bama minipig, while TC, LDL-C and HDL-C showed no significant changes (P>0.05).Moreover, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG were significantly increased in the three stocks of minipigs induced by feeding with high-fat diet (P Bama minipigs > Tibetan minipigs.Conclusions The three stocks of minipigs are sensitive to TG after intravenous injection of fat emulsion, and the lipid tolerance values are in an order of Tibetan minipig > Wuzhishan minipigs > Bama minipigs.Meanwhile, the three stocks of minipigs are also sensitive to TC, LDL-C and HDL-C after feeding with high-fat diet, and the lipid tolerance values are in an increasing order of Wuzhishan minipig > Bama minipigs > Tibetan minipigs.

Evaluating Pharmacological Effects of Two Major Components of Shuangdan Oral Liquid: Role of Danshensu and Paeonol in Diabetic Nephropathy Rat

Shuangdan oral liquid (SDO) containing radix Salviae miltiorrhizae (Chinese name Danshen) and cortex moutan (Chinese name Mudanpi) is a traditional Chinese medicine using for treating vascular diseases. Danshensu (DSS) is a main effective monomer composition derived from radix Salviae miltiorrhizae and paeonol (Pae) from cortex moutan. Although the two herbs are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, the pharmacological functions of their active compositions were not reported. Therefore, the research of DSS and Pae in mechanisms and pharmacodynamics interaction can provide scientific evidence to support clinical application. The diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats which were induced by streptozotocin (STZ) were treated with SDO, DSS, Pae, and DSS+Pae for eight weeks. The positive effects on DN animal models were investigated by detection of physiological and biochemical indexes and oxidative stress markers, within five treatments: SDO, DSS, Pae, DSS+Pae and insulin group. Compared with the model group, the DSS+Pae group improved the renal function, blood lipid metabolism and blood viscosity, increased the vitality of T-SOD or T-AOC and decreased the level of MDA or NO after the treatment. The study was successfully showed that the DSS+Pae group could delay the process of DN, especially in the renal injury part of histopathology changes. Our results suggest that the co-administration of DSS and Pae significantly may play a protective role in DN rats through decreasing the oxidative stress and improving the blood lipid metabolism mechanisms.

Lipid metabolism abnormality among patients with schizophrenia and effect of antipsychotics withdrawal on it / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To preliminarily explore the possible profile of lipid metabolism abnormality and the effect of antipsychotics withdrawal on lipid metabolism of patients with schizophrenia.Methods All 131 in-patients with schizophrenia,admitted to our hospital firom October 2009 to October 2012,were chosen and divided into three groups:drug-naive first-episode patients (group A,n=70),patients with continuous antipsychotics administration (group B,n=33) and patients with antipsychotics withdrawal for at least three months (group C,n=28); positive and negative syndrome scale was used to assess the psychopathological symptoms.Other 44 healthy adults were enrolled into the clinic research as controls (group D).At baseline,the demographic characteristics were collected.The weight,height,waist circumference,hipline,and plasma fasting lipid levels were tested at admission.The blood lipid profiles in patients from groups A and D were compared to explore the lipid metabolism abnormality.The blood lipid profiles in patients from groups A,B and C were compared to explore the effects from antipsychotics withdrawal on lipid metabolism of patients with schizophrenia.Results The fasting plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and apolipoprotein A1 (aPOA1) in group A ([1.29±0.26] mmol/L and [1.20±0.22] g/L) were significantly lower than those of groupD ([1.58±0.31] mmol/Land [1.40±0.20] g/L,P＜0.05).The body mass index (BMI),waist circumference,and waist-hip ratio in group B ([23.09±3.92] kg/m2,[81.87±9.35] cm and [0.89±0.06]) were significantly higher than those of group A ([19.63±2.53] kg/m2,[70.42±7.63] cm and [0.82±0.06]); the HDL-C level in group B ([1.09±0.24] mmol/L) was statistically lower than that of group A ([1.29± 0.26] mmol/L,P＜0.05).The BMI and waist circumference in group C ([22.28±4.19] kg/m2 and [78.92± 10.94] cm) were larger than those of group A ([19.63±2.53] kg/m2 and [70.42±7.63] cm),and the fasting plasma HDL-C level in group C ([1.12±0.29] mmol/L) was lower than that of group A ([1.29±0.26] mmol/L) with significantly differences (P＜0.05).No significant difference of lipid profile was found between group C and B (P＞0.05).The multiple regression analysis showed that fasting plasma HDL-C level of patients with schizophrenia was negatively correlated with waist circumference (B=-0.670,t=-4.909,P=0.000),and positively correlated with aPOA1 level (B=0.713,t=13.137,P=0.000).Conclusions The possible profile of lipid metabolism abnormality in patients with schizophrenia is shown as the descending of HDL-C level and aPOA1.Antipsychotics discontinuation cannot reverse the abnormal lipid profile in patients with schizophrenia.

Study on the impacts of the TT2 prescription in treating hypertension in the patients with blood lipid metabolism disorder

A study was carried out on 51 patients with hypertension and blood lipid metabolism disorder at the Clinic Department and Heart-Renal-Joint Department in the Military Traditional Hospital and at the General Enterology Department in the Son Tay Hospital from Feb 2004 to Sept 2004. The patients were divided into two groups: study group included 2 patients using a TT2 traditional repice/day for 28 days; control group included 9 patients using Caporil 25mg x 2 tablets/day for 28 days. 50 white mousses of Swiss species were provided by The National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology. TT2 experiment showed no acute toxicity with experimental dose 50g/1kg of mouse weight. Boiling and drinking a TT2 traditional repice/day did not cause any side effects. TT2 helps to decrease blood pressure significantly in patients with hypertension and blood lipid metabolism disorder. After 4 weeks, the blood pressure level in patients using TT2 is as equivalent as in patients using Caporil 25mg x 2 tablets/day. TT2 improves symptoms of the both of disease type: dizzy, headache, neck pain, dyspepsia, insomnia, lose appetite, red face, red eyes and constipation.

Effect of 20S-protopanaxadiol saponins on blood lipid metabolism and antioxidative activity in hyperlipidemia rats / 中草药

Object To observe the effect of 20S-protopanaxadiol saponins from Panax quinquefolium (PPDS) on total cholesterol, lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism and antioxidative activity in experimental hyperlipidemia rats. Methods The total cholesterol (TC), lipoprotein cholesterol, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) contents, prostaglandin I 2 (PGI 2), thromboxane A 2 (TXA 2) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and blood viscosity were measured in hyperlipidemia rats which have been given PPDS 25, 50, 100 mg/(kg?d) by ip, continuously for 12 days. In addition, fat accumulation in liver was observed. Results Triglyceride (TG), TC, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) in serum, TXA 2 in plasma, LPO in serum and liver, and blood viscosity were decreased significantly; and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) in serum, PGI 2 in plasma, and SOD in serum and liver were significantly increased by given PPDS [50, 100 mg/(kg?d)] in experimental hyperlipidemia rats. Moreover, PPDS can decrease TC/HDL-c and LDL-c/HDL-c ratio, increase PGI 2/TXA 2 ratio, and inhibit fat accumulation in liver. Conclusion PPDS could inhibit arteriosclerosis by improving cholesterol and lipoprotein-cholesterol metabolism, suppressing LPO, and increasing the activity of SOD.