Beneficios de la fibra dietética y poder antioxidante del salvado de arroz en ratas deficientes en Vitamina E / Benefits of fiber and antioxidant power of rice bran in Vitamin E deficient rats / Beneficios da fibra alimentar e poder antioxidante do farelo de arroz em ratos deficientes em Vitamina E

Las recomendaciones de consumo de fibra no se cumplen y hay una necesidad por alimentos con fibra. El salvado de arroz (SA) tiene fibra y propiedades antioxidantes. Aquí se evaluaron estas propiedades en ratas suficientes (+) y deficientes (-) en Vitamina E (VitE) con o sin SA. Las ratas fueron divididas en cuatro grupos. Dos consumieron dietas +VitE y uno tenía SA. Los restantes consumieron dietas -VitE y uno tenía SA. El consumo de alimento, su eficiencia y el crecimiento, fueron similares entre los 4 grupos pero la masa fecal húmeda o seca fue 3 veces superior en los SA+. La hemoglobina en sangre y el hierro hepático fueron similares entre grupos, pero en los grupos (SA-) la VitE hepática fue 10 veces menor en las ratas -VitE que en las +VitE. Sin embargo, en las ratas -VitE/SA+, la VitE hepática fue sólo 2,6 veces menor. Este efecto del SA también se detectó en los eritrocitos, ya que la catalasa y la glutatión reductasa aumentaron en el grupo -VitE/SA-pero no en el grupo -VitE/SA+. El estudio muestra que SA no interfirió con el crecimiento y el metabolismo del hierro, sino que tuvo un efecto laxante y previno parcialmente la deficiencia de VitE.

Dietary fiber requirements are met by only a small fraction of the population. There is need for supplemented foods to fill this gap. Rice bran (RB) is high in fiber and has antioxidant properties. The effects of rice bran fiber on several metabolic indicators and the antioxidant capacity of rice bran in rats was reported. Rats were divided into 4 dietary groups: Vitamin E-sufficient with (+VitE/RB+) or without (+VitE/RB-) rice bran; Vitamin E-deficient with (-VitE/RB+) or without (-VitE/RB-) rice bran. Food intake, growth and feed efficiency were similar in all groups but wet and dry fecal mass of the RB+ groups were 3 times higher than the RB- groups. Blood hemoglobin and liver iron were also similar among all groups. However, the liver VitE concentration of the rats of (-VitE/RB-) group was 10x lower than the (+VitE/RB-) group. In contrast, liver VitE of the rats (-VitE/RB+) was only 2.6x lower. This effect of RB was also seen in erythrocytes since, catalase and glutathione reductase increased in the VitE deficient rats but RB prevented this increase. This study shows that dietary RB did not interfere with growth, feed efficiency and iron metabolism, it provided dietary fiber and laxation and partially prevented VitE deficiency.

As recomendações de ingestão de fibras não são cumpridos e existe uma necessidade de alimentos ricos em fibras. Farelo de arroz (FA) tem fibra e propriedades antioxidantes. Aqui, estas propriedades foram avaliadas em ratos suficientes (+) e pobres (-) em Vitamina E (VitE) com ou sem FA. Os ratos foram divididos em 4 grupos. Dois consumiram dietas +VitE e um tinha FA. Os restantes consumiram dietas -ViteE e um tinha FA. O consumo de alimento, sua eficiência e crescimento foram semelhantes entre os 4 grupos, mas nos grupos (FA-) a VitE hepática foi 10 vezes menor nos ratos -VitE que nos +VitE. Entretanto, nos ratos -VitE/FA+, a VitE hepática foi apenas 2,6 vezes menor. Este efeito do FA também foi detectado nos eritrócitos, visto que catalase e glutationa redutase aumentaram no grupo -VitE/FA-, mas não no grupo -VitE/FA+. O estudo mostra que FA não interferiu no crescimento ou no metabolismo do ferro, porém teve um efeito laxante e impediu parcialmente a deficiência de VitE.

The Effect of Antioxidant Nutrition against Fenvalerate Toxicity in Rat Liver (Histological and Immunohistochemical Studies).

Aims: Fenvalerate (FEN) is a type II synthetic pyrethroid that has replaced other groups of insecticides due to its improved insecticidal potency. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible role of antioxidant nutrients as a protective agent against alterations of FEN in liver tissue of male albino rats. Study Design: Histological and immunohistochemical studies. Place and Duration of Study: Zoology Department, College of Science, Alexandria University - Egypt, between May 2010 and February 2013. Methodology: Forty animals were divided into four groups of 10 rats each. The first group served as control which received corn oil , second group received a single dose (20mg FEN/kg) 24hours prior to decapitation , third group received (20 mg fish oil (ώ3) /kg/48h) and (4.1 mg selenium (Se) /kg/48h) for 20 days and fourth group received FEN following the supplementation with ώ3 and Se . Results: Histopathological changes in the FEN group illustrated as degeneration and proliferation of hepatocytes forming acinar and pseudoglandular pattern. The previous changes disappeared from FEN+ (ώ3 and Se) group. The histochemical staining of catalase enzyme revealed increased activity in FEN, FEN+ (ώ3 and Se) groups while activity of glutathione reductase enzyme was decreased in compare with control group. Immunohistochemical staining of Bcl-2 oncoprotein increased in the cytoplasm of periportal and centrilobular hepatocytes in FEN and FEN+ (ώ3 and Se) groups, while it decreased in (ώ3 +Se) group. Conclusion: It was suggested that FEN-induced dysregulation of architecture, antioxidant enzymes and expression of Bcl-2 oncoprotein which might be ameliorated by the effect of antioxidant nutrient.