Efficacy of scrotum cold compress combined with antibiotics on necrospermia patients with seminal tract infection / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To analyze the efficacy of scrotum cold compress combined with antibiotics on necrospermia patients with seminal tract infection. 【Methods】 We made a retrospective analysis of the patients who were confirmed as necrospermia by more than 2 times of semen examination and positive by sperm bacteria culture at the Andrology Department of our center from January 2019 to September 2022. The experiment group patients who were cured by scrotum cold compress combined with sensitive antibiotics and L-carnitine were divided into experiment group A (1 time/day) and experiment group B (2 times/day) according to the daily times of scrotum cold compress. Meanwhile, only sensitive antibiotics and L-carnitine were administered in the control group patients. We recorded the improvement of sperm parameters and the number of negative sperm bacterial cultures in different groups at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks of treatment. 【Results】 A total of 145 patients were enrolled in the study. According to the principle of randomization, 49 patients in group A, 49 patients in group B, and 47 patients in the control group were enrolled. After 4 weeks of treatment, there was no significant difference between the experiment group and the control group in terms of abstinence time, the number of negative sperm bacterial cultures, semen pH, sperm ratio of forward motility, or the sperm survival rate (all P>0.05). In terms of the sperm survival rate, group B (53.1±14.1) was superior to group A (46.2±16.4) (P<0.05). In the results of the treatment at 8 weeks, the number of negative sperm bacterial cultures was significantly higher in the experiment group (74/98) than in the control group (26/47) (χ2=5.14, P<0.05). Sperm ratio of forward motility was higher in the experiment group (26.5±11.9) than in the control group (22.8±12.6). The experimental group (53.1±14.6) also had a significantly higher sperm survival rate than the control group (47.6±13.4) (P<0.05). However, the number of negative sperm bacterial cultures, sperm ratio of forward motility, and the sperm survival rate were lower in experiment group A (35/49, 25.5±10.3, 51.1±15.0) than in experiment group B (39/49, 27.5±13.2, 55.1±14.2), but there was no statistical difference between the two groups (all P>0.05). After 12 weeks of treatment, the number of negative sperm bacterial cultures in the experimental group (67/98) was significantly higher than that in the control group (21/47) (χ2=6.11, P<0.05). Sperm ratio of forward motility in the experiment group (30.9±11.2) was higher than that in the control group (24.7±13.4) (P<0.05). The experiment group (56.3±13.0) had a significantly higher sperm survival rate than the control group (46.7±12.0, P<0.01). However, in terms of the number of negative sperm bacterial cultures, sperm ratio of forward motility, and the sperm survival rate, there were no statistical differences between group A (31/49, 28.8±10.0, 55.9±12.7) and group B (36/49, 32.8±12.1, 56.7±13.4) (all P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 Scrotum cold compress combined with antibiotics is superior to only antibiotic treatment on necrospermia patients with seminal tract infection, especially in the sperm ratio of forward motility and sperm survival rate, but it has little relationship with the times of cold compressions per day. Therefore, the method deserves application in this type of patients’ diagnosis and treatment.

Effects of Modified Sanhuang Powder （加味三黄散） Combined with Cold Compression on Swelling and Pain after Knee Arthroscopy： A Retrospective Cohort Study / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of topical application of Modified Sanhuang Powder （加味三黄散， MSP） combined with cold compression versus cold compression alone on swelling and pain after knee arthroscopy through a retrospective cohort study. MethodsMedical records of 134 patients with knee arthroscopy-induced knee swelling and pain were divided into non-exposure group （51 cases） and exposure group （83 cases） based on whether they used MSP for external application after surgery. The non-exposure group received simple cold compression therapy in addition to functional exercise and routine treatment after surgery， while the exposure group received topical MSP on the basis of what were given in the non-exposure group. The Visual Analog Scale （VAS） scores were compared between the two groups before and 7 days after treatment， and knee swelling measurements were taken before and 3， 5， and 7 days after treatment. The clinical effective rate was compared between the two groups. ResultsThe VAS scores in both groups were lower after treatment （P＜0.05）， and the exposure group had lower scores than the non-exposure group （P＜0.05）. On the 3rd， 5th， and 7th days of treatment， the scores on swelling at 2 cm above the superior pole of the patella， at the midline of the patella， and 5 cm below the inferior pole of the patella significantly decreased after treatment in both groups （P＜0.05）， and the exposure group had lower scores than the non-exposure group （P＜0.05）. The total clinical effective rate in the exposure group was 91.56% （76/83）， which was higher than 78.43% （40/51） in the non-exposure group （P＜0.05）. ConclusionTopical application of MSP combined with cold compression is effective in relieving postoperative swelling and pain after knee arthroscopy and is superior to cold compress alone.

Effect of acupoint application of / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the effect between acupoint application of @*METHODS@#A total of 62 KOA patients with knee swelling after knee arthroscopy were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 31 cases in each group. In the control group, cold compress was adopted after surgery, 3 times a day. On the basis of the treatment as the control group, acupoint application of @*RESULTS@#The VAS scores 3, 5 and 7 days into treatment were lower than those before treatment in the two groups (@*CONCLUSION@#Acupoint application of

Comparative study of cold compress and liniment treatment as an adjunct to massage therapy for Exercise-Associated Muscle Cramps (EAMC) among young athletes in the Philippine setting

@#Exercise-associated muscle cramps (EAMC) is prevalent among athletes during training or competitions where they are subjected to strenuous activities for a prolonged period. To manage this painful condition, health practitioners have used numerous treatment modalities having massage done with adjunct application such as cold compress or liniment. Studies show that it is debatable which combination of treatment modalities is more effective on people affected by EAMC. Hence, this study aimed to present evidence-based data to show if there is a difference in the effectiviteness of the two modalities in treating EAMC. A total of thirty-two (32) athletic participants were enrolled in this study and a total of 40 treatment trials were included in the analysis of data. Each participant performed strenuous exercises meant to induce muscle cramps. The onset of muscle cramps was identified using a set criteria. After which, treatment was applied and the length of time that the cramp was resolved was recorded. Determining relief from muscle cramps was based on the characteristic of muscle hardness and the level of pain by using a numerical rating scale. Results showed that though majority of the participants verbalized preference for the ice treatment, analysis of data using one-way ANOVA revealed that there is no evidence to prove that there is a difference in the effectivity among the treatment modalities performed. In conclusion, though all modalities performed were able to relieve the EAMC, the use of adjunct treatment in addition to massage and stretching may have a placebo effect component, which improves the patient's perception of greater efficacy.

The effects of two different cold compress modes on swelling and pain among patients receiving extraction of impacted tooth of mandibular / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To examine the effects of two different cold compress modes (continuous cold compress and intermittent cold compress) on the pain and swelling among patients receiving extraction of impacted tooth of mandibular. Methods From January 2016 to August 2016, 64 cases of adult patients with impacted mandibular impacted wisdom teeth and 24 h in the outpatient department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Fujian Medical University were selected. They were randomly assigned to the control group and the experimental group (32 cases in each group) by random digital table. The participants in the control group received the usual care plus intermittent cold compress. The participants in the experimental group received the usual care plus continuous cold compress. And the treatment was continued for 24 hours. Outcomes including pain and skin temperature were measured in the intervention cycle, and the swelling was measured at baseline, 6 hour, 12 hours,18 hours, and 24 hours after the intervention. All the participants were asked to have further consultation at 7th days after the operation. Results At 6 hour, 12 hours,18 hours, and 24 hours, the pain of the experimental group was lower than the control group ,and there was significant difference (F=63.665-290.872, P<0.05 ). At 12 hours,18 hours, and 24 hours after the intervention ,number of the swelling grades (0-I-Ⅱ-III) in the control group was 16, 14, 2, 0 cases, 11, 13, 8, 0 cases, 11, 12, 8, 1 cases,number of the swelling grades (0-I-Ⅱ-III) in the experimental group was 27, 5, 0, 0 cases, 26, 6, 0, 0 cases, 26, 6, 0, 0 cases, and there was significant difference (Z=-2.968,-4.017,-4.052, P<0.05). A positive correlation between swelling grade and time (M2=45.22, P<0.05). At 6 hour, 12 hours,18 hours, and 24 hours , the skin temperature of the experimental group was lower than the control group, and there was significant difference (F=1 735.106-23 993.33, P<0.05). Conclusions This study showed that the continuous cold compress was more effective in reducing the pain and swelling among the patients receiving extraction of impacted tooth of mandibular. Compared with the intermittent cold compress, it suggested that continuous cold compress can be integrated into usual care to reduce the pain and swelling among the patients receiving extraction of impacted tooth of mandibular.

Applicationand progress of cold compress after tooth extraction / 中国实用护理杂志

Bleeding and swelling is one of the first kinds of complications or main symptoms after tooth extraction. With the development of high quality oral treatment, the doctors and nurses of oral and maxillofacial alveolar surgery pay more and more attention to maximize reduce the postoperative tooth extraction reaction, improve patient comfort. Cold compress can effectively reduce postoperative bleeding and pain, so it has been widely used in clinical application. The mechanism of bleeding and swelling after tooth extraction and the application principle, method, material selection of cold compress are reviewed in this paper, in order to provide reference for the colleague.

Ginical Observation of Early Treatment of Intravenous Injection Seepage / 第二军医大学学报

This paper reports the efficacy of the treatment of local swelling caused by intravenous injection Kakage with hot (40-50℃) or cold (4-6℃) compress. It was found that cold compress had a better repellent effect than hot one. Cold compress could resolve the swelling due to extravasation rapidly, effectively and safely.