A study on dermatologic diseases of workers exposed to cutting oil / 예방의학회지

We investigated the 1,004 workers who worked in a automobile factory to study the epidemiologic characterist of dermatoses due to cutting oils. Among the workers, 667(66.4%) answered the questionnaire. They are belong to 5 departments of the factory-the Engine-Work(86), Power train Assembly(17). We measured the oil mist concentration in air of the departments and examined the workers who had dermatologic symptoms. The results were follows; 1) Oil mist concentration; Of all measured points(52), 9 points(17.2%) exceeded 5mg/m3-the time-weighed PEL- and one department had a upper confidence limit(95%) higher than 5mg/m3. 2) Dermatologists examined 213 workers. 172 of them complained any skin symptoms at that time-itching(32.5%), papule(21.6%), scale(15.7%), vesicle(12.5%) in order. The abnormal skin site found by dermatologist were palm(29.3%), finger & nail(24.6%), forearm(16.2%), back of hand(8.4%) in order. 3) As the result of physical examination, we found that 160 workers had skin diseases. Contact dermatitis was the most common; 69 workers had contact dermatitis alone(43.1%), 11 had contact dermatitis with acne(6.9%), 10 had contact dermatitis with folliculitis(6.3%), 1 had contact dermatitis with acne & folliculitis, and 1 had contact dermatitis with abnormal pigmentation. Others were folliculitis(9 workers, 5.6%), acne(8, 5.0%), folliculitis & acne(2, 1.2%), keratosis(1, 0.6%), abnormal pigmentation(1, 0.6%), and non-specific hand eczema(47, 29.3%). 4) The prevalence of any skin diseases was 34.0 per 100 in cutting oil users, and 13.3 per 100 in non-users. Especially, the prevalence of contact dermatitis was 23.0 per 100 in cutting oil users and 4.3 per 100 in non-users. 5) We tried patch test(standard series, oil series, organic solvents) on 49 patients to differentiate allergic contact dermatitis from irritant contact dermatitis and found 20 were positive. 6) In a multivariate analysis(independent=age, tenure, kinds of cutting oil), the risk of skin diseases was higher in the water-based cutting oil user and both oil user than non-user or neat oil user(odds ratio were 2.16 and 2.78, respectively). And the risk of contact dermatitis was much higher at the same groups(odds ratio were 5.16 and 6.82, respectively).

Epidemiologic study on the dermatologic disordes from cutting oil / 대한피부과학회지

We performed an epidemiologic survey to investigate the dermatologic problems from cutting oils in metal workers. The personal questionnaires and dermatologic examinations were performed on 360 metal workers who were working at 50 metal industries. The pH meter (HANNA 8520) and the atomic absorption spectrometer(G.B.C. 902) were employed to measure the pH values of cutting oil and the concentration of heavy metals contained in cutting oil respeetively. The results were as follows : 1. The prevalence rates of the dermatologic disorders from cutting oil were 46.0% of eontact dermatitis, 10.9% of black comedone, and 7.1% of paronychia in orders. The dermatologic disorders that seemed to be not directly associsted with cutting oil were callosity(19.1%), burn by metal chips(9.8%), and mechanical injury(5.7%). 2. The localizations of the contact dermatitis and the black cemedone from cutting oil were 84% of hands, 6.6% of face, and 5% af forearms. More detailed localizations of the contact dermatitis and black comedone that developed in hand were 29.6% if finger tip, 27.6% of palm and palm finger, and 19.1% of palm finger only in orders. 3. The prevalence rates of the dermatologic disorders by the of cutting oil were 51.5% of soluble oil, 68.8% of insoluble oil, and 80.8% of mixed cutting oil which containing both soluble and insoluble oil. 4. The mean pH value of aoluble cutting oil was 8.0 and that of insoluble cutting oil was 7.0. 5. The concentrations of heavy metals contained in soluble oil were 32.2 mg/m3 of chrome, 6.42 mg/m3 of nickel, and 4.85 mg/m3 of cobalt. The concentrations of heavy metals contained in inspluble oil were 24.11 mg/m of chrome, 4.63 mg/m3 of nickel, and 2.30 mg/m3 of cobalt.