Effect of Bushen Jianpi Recipe in Treating Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Dyslipidemia and Its Effect on Adiponectin / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Bushen Jianpi Recipe(mainly composed of Astragali Radix,Epimedii Folium,Dioscoreae Rhizoma,Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Cervi Cornus Colla,Astragali Complanati Semen,Polygoni Multiflori Radix Preparata,Polygonati Rhizoma,Puerariae Lobatae Radix,and Rhei Radix et Rhizoma)on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)complicated with dyslipidemia and differentiated as spleen-kidney deficiency type,and to observe its effect on the level of adiponectin(ADP).Methods Ninety patients with T2DM complicated with dyslipidemia and differentiated as spleen-kidney deficiency type were randomly divided into western medicine group,Chinese medicine(CM)group,and combination of CM and western medicine group(hereinafter referred to as combination group),and each group had 30 patients.All of the 3 groups were given conventional hypoglycemic treatment.Moreover,the western medicine group was given oral use of Atorvastatin Calcium Tablets,CM group was given Bushen Jianpi Recipe,and the combination group was given Atorvastatin Calcium Tablets together with Bushen Jianpi Recipe orally.The course of treatment lasted for 8 weeks.The changes of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,glucose and lipid metabolism indexes,fasting insulin(FINS),insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR)and serum ADP levels of the three groups were observed before and after the treatment.After treatment,the efficacy of TCM syndrome of the three groups was evaluated.Results(1)After 8 weeks of treatment,the total effective rates for TCM syndrome efficacy in the western medicine group,CM group,and combination group were 66.67%(20/30),90.00%(27/30),and 93.33%(28/30),respectively.The intergroup comparison showed that the TCM syndrome efficacy of the CM group and the combination group was significantly superior to that of the western medicine group(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the TCM syndrome scores in all of the three groups were decreased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.01),and the decreases of the scores in both CM group and combination group was superior to that in the western medicine group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(3)After treatment,the levels of lipid metabolism parameters of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in the three groups were improved to various degrees compared with the pre-treatment levels,of which the levels of TC,TG,and LDL-C were significantly decreased,and the level of HDL-C was significantly increased in comparison with that before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The intergroup comparison showed that the decrease of TC and LDL-C and the increase of HDL-C in the CM group were inferior to those in the western medicine group and the combination group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(4)After treatment,the levels of glucose metabolism parameters of fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2-hour postprandial glucose(2hPG),glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),FINS,and HOMA-IR in the CM group and the combination group were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),while only the levels of FPG,2hPG,and HOMA-IR in the western medicine group were decreased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The intergroup comparison showed that the patients in the decrease of FPG,2hPG,HbA1c,FINS,and HOMA-IR levels in the CM group and the combination group was significantly superior to that in the western medicine group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(5)In terms of adipokines,the serum ADP level in the three groups after treatment was significantly increased compared with that before treatment(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and the increase of serum ADP level in both CM group and combination group was significantly superior to that in the western medicine group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Bushen Jianpi Recipe has certain effect on regulating lipid metabolism,and has obvious advantages in improving clinical symptoms and insulin resistance,lowering blood glucose,and increasing ADP level in patients with T2DM complicated with dyslipidemia and differentiated as spleen-kidney deficiency type.

TANG Shui-Fu's Experience in Treating Renal Proteinuria by the Method of Replenishing and Elevating Qi / 广州中医药大学学报

Professor TANG Shui-Fu believes that the development of renal proteinuria in chronic kidney disease is due to the deficiency of spleen and kidney,which leads to the malfunction in lifting lucid yang and lowering turbid yin of the body and the internal retention of turbid-toxin.The early stage of renal proteinuria is mainly induced by qi deficiency of spleen and kidney,and the middle and late stage of renal proteinuria results from the long-lasting spleen and kidney deficiency together with damp-toxin accumulation and is characterized by the mixture of healthy-qi deficiency and pathogenic-qi excess.Aimed at the key pathogenesis of the dysfunction of ascending and descending of qi movement,Professor TANG Shui-Fu treated the renal proteinuria with the principal method of strengthening the spleen and tonifying the kidney,combined with method of eliminating dampness,draining turbidity and dissolving stasis targeted at the pathogenic-qi excess of damp-turbidity and stasis-toxin diffusing in the triple energizer.Meanwhile,the use of the method of replenishing and elevating Qi for regulating the qi movement of the spleen and kidney was stressed.In the early stage of renal proteinuria,the Chinese medicines with the actions of promoting the lifting of lucid yang such as Cimicifugae Rhizoma and Bupleuri Radix were added on the basis of herbs for strengthening the spleen and benefiting the kidney,so that the essence can be consolidated and proteinuria can be eliminated.In the middle and late stage of renal proteinuria,the course of the disease lasted a long time,and the internal attack of the pathogens caused the reversal and chaos of the lucid yang and turbid yin.In this case,treatment should follow the principal method of lowering turbid yin and by the assistance of the herbs for replenishing and elevating qi such as Astragali Radix,Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,Poria,Dioscoreae Rhizoma,Cimicifugae Rhizoma,and Bupleuri Radix,so that the ascending and descending of qi movement can be coordinated,the lucid yang is raised and turbid yin is directed downward,the renal function is protected and the progression of chronic kidney disease is slowed down.

A Rat Model of Adenine-induced Chronic Renal Failure Complicated with Cardiovascular Disease / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the preparation method of a rat model of adenine-induced chronic renal failure complicated with cardiovascular disease by investigating the effect of different time points of adenine gastric lavage on general vital signs， biochemical indicators， and cardiac and renal tissue structure and function of model rats. MethodRats in the model group were administered adenine at 150 mg·kg-1·d-1 by gavage for 16 weeks， while those in the normal group were given an equal volume of 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium solution by gavage. At weeks 5， 13， 17， 24-hour urinary protein quantification （24 h-UTP）， biochemical indicators， cardiac ultrasound， and changes in cardiac and renal tissue structure and function were measured in both the model and normal groups. Blood pressure was measured at weeks 5 and 13 in both groups. Weekly changes in body weight were recorded， and general conditions of the rats were observed daily. Result① Compared with the normal group， the model group showed a significant decrease in body weight （P<0.05）. ② Rats in the model group exhibited a significant increase in urine volume， and proteinuria appeared at week 13. ③ Compared with the normal group， the model group showed significant differences in triglyceride （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）， creatinine （Cr）， blood urea nitrogen （BUN）， blood potassium， and blood phosphorus at week 5 （P<0.05）， which increased gradually over time. At week 17， uric acid levels were significantly elevated （P<0.05）， and blood calcium levels were reduced at the end of week 17 （P<0.01）. ④ Compared with the normal group， the model group showed a significant increase in blood pressure at week 5 （P<0.05）， which progressively worsened. ⑤ There was no statistically significant difference in left ventricular wall thickness between the model and normal groups at week 5， but a significant difference was observed at week 13 （P<0.05）. ⑥ Fibrosis appeared in the kidneys of rats in the model group at week 5 and gradually worsened， while obvious fibrosis occurred around the cardiovascular system at week 13 as compared with the results in the normal group. ⑦ In the proximal tubular epithelial cells of the model group， there was an increasing presence of high-density rhomboid needle-shaped crystals， damaged cell membrane integrity， increased cell spacing， increased lysosomes， increased mitochondrial proliferation， denser mitochondrial cristae， and outer mitochondrial membrane. ⑧ Compared with the rats in the normal group， rats in the model group exhibited depressed spirits， significantly reduced activity， hunched posture， dry fur， pale ears and toes， swollen cheeks， increased nocturnal urination， and dark and viscous blood. ConclusionAdenine by gavage at 150 mg·kg-1·d-1 for 12 weeks can be used to establish a rat model of chronic renal failure complicated with cardiovascular disease， which can be used for the prevention and treatment research on chronic renal failure and its associated cardiovascular complications. The syndrome of adenine-induced rat model of chronic renal failure belongs to the deficiency of spleen and kidney， turbidity and stasis obstruction， and can be used to study the mechanisms of warming and tonifying the spleen and kidney， resolving stasis， and eliminating turbidity in the treatment of chronic renal failure.

Clinical study of Gushen Jianpi Huashi Decoction combined with irbesartan in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy with spleen and kidney deficiency syndrome / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Gushen Jianpi Huashi Decoction combined with irbesartan in the treatment of spleen and kidney deficiency syndrome of diabetic nephropathy (DN).Methods:According to random number table method, 97 patients with DN who met the inclusion criteria and from January 2018 to September 2020 were randomly divided into two groups, 48 in the control group and 49 in the study group. The control group took irbesartan on the basis of routine treatment of western medicine, and the study group took Gushen Jianpi Huashi Decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 14 days as a course of treatment, a total of 6 courses of treatment. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome scores were performed before and after treatment, BUN and SCr levels were detected by automatic biochemical instrument, and serum IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP levels were detected by ELISA. The Urinary microalbumin excretion rate (UAER) was measured by radioimmunoassay, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated and adverse reactions were recorded.Results:The total effective rate was 91.8% (45/49) in the study group and 75.0% (36/48) in the control group, and there was significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=4.99, P=0.025). The scores of TCM syndrome in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( t=29.75, P<0.01). After treatment, the serum BUN [(4.49 ± 0.68) mmol/L vs. (5.16 ± 0.61) mmol/L, t=5.11], SCr [(63.42 ± 4.09) μmol/L vs. (69.01 ± 4.35) μmol/L, t=6.52] and UAER [(72.58 ± 5.88) μg/min vs. (85.63 ± 6.49) μg/min, t=10.44] in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01), the serum IL-6, CRP and TNF-α levels in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 9.44, 7.24 and 18.08, respectively, P<0.01). During the treatment, the incidence of adverse reactions was 14.6% (7/48) in the control group and 16.3% (8/49) in the study group, but there was no significant difference between two groups ( χ2=0.06, P=0.812). Conclusion:The Gushen Jianpi Huashi Decoction combined with irbesartan can improve the renal function of DN patients, reduce the level of inflammatory cytokines and improve the clinical effect.

Clinical Observation of Yishen Tongluo Decoction in Treating Chronic Glomerulonephritis with Spleen and Kidney Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis mechanism of Yishen Tongluo decoction in the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis （CGN） with spleen and kidney Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. Method:According to the random number table method， one hundred and twenty patients were divided into control group （60 cases） and observation group （60 cases）. The two groups were given oral valsartan capsules， 160 mg/time， 1 time/day， and dipyridamole tablets orally， 50 mg/time， 3 times/day. Patients in control group additionally took Wubi Shanyao pills orally， 9 g/time， 2 times/day， while patients in observation group additionally took Yishen Tongluo decoction orally， 1 dose/day. Both groups were treated continuously for four months. Before and after treatment， 24 h urine total protein （24 h UTP）， creatinine （SCr）， urea nitrogen （BUN）， serum cystatin C （CysC）， tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic> （TNF-<italic>α</italic>）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-17， interferon-<italic>γ</italic> （IFN-<italic>γ</italic>）， transforming growth factor-<italic>β</italic>₁ （TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁）， connective tissue growth factor （CTGF）， matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）， tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases （TMP-1） and hypoxia inducible factor-1<italic>α </italic>（HIF-1<italic>α</italic>） levels were detected in both groups. The scores of spleen and kidney Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome were graded. Urine protein， and urine red blood cells （urinary RBC） were monitored. Result:The 24 h UTP， SCr， BUN and CysC levels of the observation group were lower than those of the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The score of spleen and kidney Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in the observation group was lower than that in the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The levels of TNF-<italic>α</italic>， IL-6， IL-17 and IFN-<italic>γ </italic>in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The levels of TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁， CTGF， TMP-1 and HIF-1<italic>α</italic> in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. While MMP-9 level was higher than that in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The clinical effective rate was 88.33% （53/60） in the observation group， higher than 73.33% （44/60） in the control group （<inline-formula><alternatives><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>χ</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn mathvariant="normal">2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:math><graphic specific-use="big" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="alternativeImage/155A9E27-C0C9-44b4-96FF-AF947372054E-M002.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="3.30200005" height="3.64066648"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="alternativeImage/155A9E27-C0C9-44b4-96FF-AF947372054E-M002c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="3.30200005" height="3.64066648"?></graphic></alternatives></inline-formula>=4.356， <italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:On the basis of conventional Western medicine treatment， Yishen Tongluo decoction in the treatment of CGN patients with spleen and kidney Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome can reduce proteinuria， and improve traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes， with anti-inflammatory and anti-kidney fibrosis effects. Thereby， it plays a role in protecting renal function and delaying the malignant progression of renal function， with high clinical efficacy and value of clinical use.

Regulation Effect and Clinical Efficacy of Addition and Subtraction Therapy of Jinkui Shenqiwan Combined with Buzhong Yiqitang on Immune Inflammatory Factors of Patients with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and Deficiency of Spleen and Kidney / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of addition and subtraction therapy of Jinkui Shenqiwan combined with Buzhong Yiqitang to postmenopausal osteoporosis （PMO） with deficiency of spleen and kidney， and to investigate its regulation effect on immune inflammatory factors. Method:One hundred and sixty patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group， with 80 cases in each group. Both groups got comprehensive western medicine treatment measures. Patients in control group additionally got Zhuanggu Zhitong capsule， 4 capsules/time， 3 times/day. Patients in observation group additionally got addition and subtraction therapy of Jinkui Shenqiwan combined with Buzhong Yiqitang， 1 dose/day. The treatment was continued for 24 weeks. Before and after treatment， lumbar L2-4 bone mineral density （BMD） was detected by Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） and lumbar BMD was detected by quantitative CT （QCT）. Scores of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） syndromes and Chinese osteoporosis-targeted quality of life questionnaire （COQOL） were graded. Levels of Estradiol （E₂）， type Ⅰ procollagen amino terminal pro peptide （PINP）， serum osteocalcin （OC）， osteoprotegerin （OPG）， type Ⅰ collagen cross-linked C-terminal peptide （S-CTX）， tartrate resistant acid phosphatase （TRACP） and urinary pyridinoline （PYD） were detected. Levels of CD4⁺ T cells， CD8⁺ T cells， interleukin-17 （IL-17）， tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic> （TNF-<italic>α</italic>）， <italic>γ-</italic>interferon（IFN-<italic>γ</italic>） and interleukin-4 （IL-4） were calculated. The proportion of T helper cell （Th）17 and regulatory T cell （Treg） in CD4⁺ T cells was calculated. Besides， the safety was evaluated. Result:Bone density was detected by DXA in observation group， and its T-value and bone density detected by QCT were all higher than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. After treatment， scores of TCM syndrome and COQOL were lower than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Levels of PINP， OC， S-CTX， TRACP and PYD/Cr were all lower than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Levels of OPG， CD8⁺ and Treg were higher than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， levels of Th17， Th17/Treg， CD4⁺/CD8⁺， IL-17， TNF-<italic>α</italic> and IFN-<italic>γ </italic>were lower （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and levels of IL-4 and E₂ were higher than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The clinical efficacy in observation group was better than that in control group （<italic>Z</italic>=2.103， <italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:On the basis of calcium and vitamin D supplementation， Jinkui Shenqiwan combined with Buzhong Yiqitang can improve levels of E₂ and bone density， reduce clinical symptoms， improve quality of life， regulate bone metabolism index and immune inflammation reaction， with better clinical efficacy and safety.

Effect of Shenwu Yishenpian on Renal Interstitial Fibrosis and Micro-inflammatory State in Chronic Kidney Disease 4-5 Stage / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To discuss the efficacy and safety of Shenwu Yishenpian on stage 4-5 chronic kidney disease-nondialysis （CKD） with deficiency of spleen and kidney Qi， and the effect on renal interstitial fibrosis （RIF） and microinflammation. Method:One hundred and twenty patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group. A total of 58 patients in control group completed the treatment （including 2 patients falling off or lost）. And 58 patients in observation group completed the treatment （including 1 patient was falling off or lost visit， and 1 eliminated）. Both groups got comprehensive treatment of western medicine. Patients in control group got simulated medicine of Shenwu Yishenpian， 4 pieces/time， 3 times/day. Patients in observation group got Shenwu Yishenpian， 4 pieces/time， 3 times/day. The treatment lasted for 6 months until the renal replacement therapy， and the 6-month follow-up was recorded. For every month， blood creatinine （SCr） was detected， and glomerular filtration rate （eGFR） were calculated. The 12-month renal replacement （dialysis or kidney transplantation）， progress （CKD4 to CKD5） and mitigation （CKD5 to CKD4 or CKD4 to CKD3） were recorded. Before and after treatment， levels of urea nitrogen （BUN）， hemoglobin （HB）， plasma albumin （ALB）， urine protein quantity （24 hUp） and blood uric acid （UA） levels were detected， deficiency of spleen kidney Qi was scored， and transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）， connective tissue growth factor （CTGF）， serum Klotho， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-1 （Lkn-1） and interleukin-12 （IL-12） were detected. And the safety was evaluated. Result:At the 3th and 6th after treatment， SCr in two groups increased （P<0.01）， while eGFR decreased （P<0.01）. Compared with control group， SCr was less than that in control group （P<0.01）， whereas eGFR was higher than that in control group （P<0.01）. During 12 months of observation， the reduction rate of CKD was 13.79% （8/58）， which was higher than 1.72% （1/58） in control group. The progress rate of CKD was 11.43% （4/35）， which was lower than 31.58% （12/38） in control group （P<0.05）. Levels of BUN， 24 hUp and UA were lower than those in control group （P<0.01）， while levels of Hb and ALB were higher than those in control group （P<0.01）. Effect in observation group was better than that in control group （Z=2.051， P<0.05）. And levels of TGF-β1， CTGF， TNF-α， IL-6， Lkn-1 and IL-12 were lower than those in control group （P<0.01）， and level of Klotho was higher than that in control group （P<0.01）. There was no adverse reaction relating to Shenwu Yishen Pian. Conclusion:Shenwu Yishenpian can delay the progress of renal function and CKD， reverse the progress of renal function in some patients， reduce the risk factors of disease progress， reduce the state of micro inflammation and resist RIF， and protect or improve renal function. Its clinical effect is better than placebo， and it is safe to use.

Effect of Erxian Shengbai Decoction Combined with Huangqi Huanagshan Soup on Leukopenia After Chemotherapy and Regulatory Effect on Immunity / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Erxian Shengbai decoction combined with Huangqi Huang soup for leucopenia (deficiency of spleen and kidney Qi) after chemotherapy, and to investigate the regulatory effect on immune function and cytokines. Method:One hundred and fifty patients were randomly divided into control group（75 cases） and observation group （75 cases）by random number table. Patients in group got batilol tablets by oral administration for 6 weeks, 60 mg/time, 3 times/day. And the patients at stage Ⅲ or Ⅳ additionally received recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor injection (rhG-CSF) for subcutaneous injection,2-5 μg·kg-1·d-1, until the count of neutrophils recovered to 5.0×109个/L (10.0×109个/L for white blood cell). In the control group shengbaikang granules were taken orally,1 bag/time,3 times/day.Patients in observation group additionally received Erxian Shengbai decoction combined with Huangqi Huangshan soup for 6 weeks, 1 doses/day. Number of peripheral blood leukocytes (WBC) and neutrophils (NEUT), time to recovery, number of infections, duration of using antibiotics, dose and duration of rhG-CSF, red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), platelets (PLT) and rate of completed chemotherapy were recorded. Scores of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）syndrome and karnofsky performance scale (KPS) were graded before and after treatment. Levels of T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+) , natural killer cell (NK), interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were all detected. Result:In the analysis of rank sum test, to the efficacy for leucopenia in observation group was better than that in control group (Z=2.057, P<0.05). Levels of WBC, NEUT, RBC, Hb and PLT were higher than those in control group (P<0.01). Time to recovery, number of infections and duration of using antibiotics, dose and duration of rhG-CSF were all less than those in control group (P<0.01). After treatment, the recovery rate of WBC and NEUT as well as completed chemotherapy were 76.12% (51/67), 73.13% (49/67) and 92.54% (62/67) in observation group, higher than 57.35% (39/68), 52.94% (36/68) and 79.41% (54/68) in control group (P<0.01). Levels of NK, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ and IL-2 were all higher than those in control group (P<0.01), while levels of CD8+ , IL-6 and TNF-α were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion:Erxian Shengbai decoction combined with Huangqi Huangshan soup can promote the recovery of WBC and NEUT, stabilize the immune function, regulate cytokines, improve the microenvironment of bone marrow hematopoiesis, improve the completion rate of chemotherapy, reduce the number of infections and the amount of rhG-CSF, relieve clinical symptoms, and stabilize the quality of life in patients with leukopenia after chemotherapy (deficiency of spleen and kidney Qi).

The effect of warming kidney and dredging collaterals on the clinical effect and urinary C5b-9 in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the effect of the method of warming kidney and dredging collaterals on the clinical effect and the content of urine C5b-9 in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy with spleen kidney yang deficiency and blood stasis. Methods A total of 60 idiopathic membranous nephropathy patients with spleen kidney yang deficiency and blood stasis type were randomly divided into the conventional western medicine treatment group (control group), Jingui-Shenqi pill and Taohong-Siwu decoction plus conventional western medicine treatment group (treatment group), 30 cases in each group. The Scr was detected by deproteinized alkaline picric acid method, and BUN was detected by rate method, and serum albumin (ALb) was detected by bromocresol green dye binding method, and 24 hours urinary protein was measured by pyrogallol red colorimetry, and the double antibody sandwich ELISA method was used for detection of urinary C5b-9. Results The Jingui-Shenqi pill combined with Taohong-Siwu decoction plus conventional western medicine treatment has obvious curative effect on patients. The total effective rate was 83.3 in the treatment group (25/30), and the control group was 60％ (18/30). After treatment, the Alb (33.5 ± 7.95 g/L vs. 28.8 ± 6.10 g/L, t=2.569) in the treatment groupwas significantly higher than that in the conventional treatment group (P<0.01). While the 24 h urine protein (2.40 ± 0.92 g/24 h vs.3.60 ± 2.3 g/24 h, t=2.653), the contents of C5b-9 in urine(42.5 ± 17.50 ng/mg vs.71 ± 25.2 ng/mg, t=5.088) in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the conventional treatment group (P<0.01). Conclusions The method of warming kidney and dredging collaterals can improve the clinical symptoms, improve serum albumin level, reduce the 24 hour urine protein and urinary C5b-9 content of idiopathic membranous nephropathy of spleen and kidney yang deficiency and blood stasis type.

Clinical observation of Sweet Dream Oral Liquid curing deficiency of spleen and kidney style MCI / 中草药

Objective To observe the clinical effect of Sweet Dream Oral Liquid on the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients of spleen and kidney deficiency. Methods A total of 102 patients with MCI were randomly divided into two groups, the treatment group with 53 patients and the control group with 49 patients. Both groups were given Citicoline Sodium Tablets for 8 weeks. The treatment group was given Sweet Dream Oral Liquid extra. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Transcranial Doppler (TCD) and Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Score (TCMSS) were performed before and after the treatment. Compliance and adverse reactions for both groups were observed during the treatment. Results MMSE improved after the treatment for both groups; Especially, MMSE of the treatment group improved more obviously (P < 0.01); The difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05); For treatment group, the average blood flow velocity (Vm) of the cerebral arteries was increased significantly after the treatment(P < 0.01); Compared with the control group, the difference was obvious (P < 0.05); The total effective rate of the treatment group on spleen and kidney deficiency syndrome was 96.23%. It was 18.37% for the control group. Difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.01). After the treatment, TCMSS of the treatment group was significantly reduced (P < 0.01); It was a significant difference comparing with the control group (P < 0.01). During the treatment, both groups had a good compliance, no adverse reactions and no shedding patients. Conclusion Sweet Dream Oral Liquid can improve the cognitive function and living quality of the patients with deficiency of spleen and kidney style MCI by reducing TCMSS, improving cerebral hemodynamics and rising MMSE score.

YE Jin's Experience for the Treatment of Short Stature in Children / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To explore Professor YE Jin's experiences for the treatment of short stature in children. [Methods] From the etiology and pathogenesis, TCM syndrome typing, feature medication to analyse the academic perspective and clinical experience of Professor YE Jin in the treatment of short stature, and list 1 proven case. This case focuses on the patient having an inadequate natural endowment and a poor diet, so we can discriminate he is in deficiency of spleen and kidney and give him a treatment to invigorate spleen and nourish kidney.[Results]Short stature in children is a common disease in pediatrics, with a complex etiology constitution. It has influence on children 's physical and mental development. Professor YE Jin thinks its treatment should adhere to the principle of clear etiology, for etiological treatment; explore pathogenesis, treatment based on syndrome differentiation;based on therapeutia principle and method to constitute prescription, then chooses TCM materials flexibly. Also she thinks its main pathogenesis is deficiency of spleen and kidney, which ought to be spleen invigorating and kidney nourishing therapy to make the children have an ideal height. [Conclusion]Professor YE Jin has unique clinical experience for short stature treatment based on spleen-insufficiency constitution related theory, with significant effect.

YE Jin's Experience for the Treatment of Short Stature in Children / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To explore Professor YE Jin's experiences for the treatment of short stature in children. [Methods] From the etiology and pathogenesis, TCM syndrome typing, feature medication to analyse the academic perspective and clinical experience of Professor YE Jin in the treatment of short stature, and list 1 proven case. This case focuses on the patient having an inadequate natural endowment and a poor diet, so we can discriminate he is in deficiency of spleen and kidney and give him a treatment to invigorate spleen and nourish kidney.[Results]Short stature in children is a common disease in pediatrics, with a complex etiology constitution. It has influence on children 's physical and mental development. Professor YE Jin thinks its treatment should adhere to the principle of clear etiology, for etiological treatment; explore pathogenesis, treatment based on syndrome differentiation;based on therapeutia principle and method to constitute prescription, then chooses TCM materials flexibly. Also she thinks its main pathogenesis is deficiency of spleen and kidney, which ought to be spleen invigorating and kidney nourishing therapy to make the children have an ideal height. [Conclusion]Professor YE Jin has unique clinical experience for short stature treatment based on spleen-insufficiency constitution related theory, with significant effect.

Experience of TAN Jin-chuan in Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy / 中国中医药信息杂志

Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is one of the main causes of nephrotic syndrome in adults, and is a kind of glomerular capillary loops epithelial side immune complex deposition of glomerular disease. At present, Western medicine treatment mainly uses hormone combined with immunosuppressive agent, but the adverse reactions are bigger. According to many years clinical experience, Professor TAN Jin-chuan starts from the spleen and kidney deficiency and blood stagnation in kidney meridian, and uses modified Yishen Tongluo Prescription to support right qi and regulate spleen and kidney at the same time. She is good at use of insect medicine to seize the meridians, and focuses on comprehensive care, which provides positive reference value for TCM treatment of IMN.

Clinical observation on Yiyi Fuzi Baijiang powder for treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis accompanied by yang-deficiency of spleen and kidney: a report of 80 cases / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To observe the clinical effects of Yiyi Fuzi Baijiang powder for treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) accompanied by yang-deficiency of spleen and kidney.Methods Eighty patients with UC admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) from January 2012 to December 2015 were enrolled, and they were divided into an integrated TCM and western medicine group (combined group) and a control group by random number table method, 40 cases in each group. The control group was treated by normal saline 100 mL with dexamethasone 10 mg enema, whilethe combined group was given Yiyi Fuzi Baijiang powder 100 mL (coix seed 30 g, aconitum carmichaeli debx 6 g, herba patriniae 15 g, radix paeoniae alba 15 g, frankincense 6 g, myrrh 6 g, glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 g) combined with dexamethasone 10 mg enema, one therapeutic course was 10 days, and after 3 courses, the clinical efficacy was observed in the two groups. The differences of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), the number of red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) positive patients in stool routine were compared before and after treatment, and the clinical therapeutic effects were observed in the two groups.Results After treatment, the ESR was reduced in both groups compared to that before treatment, the numbers of RBC and WBC positive patients in stool routine were decreased in both group compared to those before treatment, and the degrees of changes were more significant in combined group than those in the control group [ESR (mm/1 h): 15.00±3.07 vs. 20.55±3.87, the number of RBC positive patients: 7 cases vs. 21 cases, the number of WBC positive patients: 14 cases vs. 21 cases, allP < 0.05]. The total effective rate of combined group was significantly higher than that of the control group [92.5% (37/40) vs. 75.0% (30/40),P < 0.05].Conclusion The clinical effect of Yiyi Fuzi Baijiang powder combined with dexamethasone enema was superior to that simply using hormone enema therapy for treatment of patients with UC accompanied by yang deficiency of spleen and kidney, this combined method is simple, and its curative effect is definite.

Effective Cases on Zhang Qin’s Treatment of Refractory Threatened Abortion / 浙江中医药大学学报

Objective]The article summarizes the essentials of clinical dialectical experience by professor Zhang Qin on threatened abortion. [Methods]From following professor Zhang Qin clinical studies, studying professor Zhang Qin’s medical cases and selecting medical records on uterine hemorrhage with placenta low set, recurrent miscarriage with prothrombotic state, serious uterine hemorrhage with repeated vaginal bleeding, we can summarize the thoughts and experience on treating threatened abortion.[Results]Professor Zhang Qin considers that threatened abortion occurs mainly because of the deficiency of kidney ,maybe because of the deficiency of qi failing to lift or the deficiency of yin or the blood heat accompanied with blood stasis which leading to hemorrhage. We can respectively treat them by nourishing and lifting qi, nourishing yin or by clearing away heat to stanch the flow.[Conclusion] Professor Zhang Qin’s experience on treating threatened abortion has positive effect and is worth of further study.

Expression and significance of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-αand IFN-γin serum and colon tissue in the rat models of ulcerative colitis with spleen and kidney yang deficiency / 中国实验动物学报

Objective To detect the levels of IL-1, IL-6,TNF-αand IFN-γin serum and colon tissue of rat mod-els of ulcerative colitis with spleen and kidney Yang deficiency, and to explore their roles in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis ( UC) .Methods The rat model of ulcerative colitis with Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney was induced by perfusion of rhubarb decoction plus intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone and combined with TNBS (2,4,6-trinitro-benzenesulfonic acid) and ethanol enema.Sixty SPF wistar rats ( body weight 180 ±10 g, male:female=1:1) were ran-domly divided into blank control group, UC model with spleen kidney Yang deficiency for 7 days, 14 days and 21 days groups, respectively.The levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-αand IFN-γin serum and colon tissue were detected by ELISA.Re-sults Compared with the blank group, the levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-αand IFN-γin serum and colon tissue of rat UC model group with spleen kidney Yang deficiency were greatly increased (P<0.05), especially evidently increased in the model group at 21 days.Conclusions The pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, TNF-αand IFN-γplay an important role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis with syndrome of spleen and kidney Yang deficiency.

Discuss Asthenia or Sthenia Cold of True Cold and False Heat / 浙江中医药大学学报

Objective] Differentiate and analyse the asthenia or sthenia attribute about the cold attribute of true cold and pseudo hot syndrome, further to simply make a summary.[Method] In order to compare with other doctor’s viewpoint and prove the opinion from the etiology and pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, clinical application and so on, by researching the related literature and theoretical works.[Result]Pathological condition of inner true cold and outer false heat appears because Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney is so long that yin exopathogen is in stasis and yang fails to transport and transform ying, further to repel yang outside in the etiology and pathogenesis. Clinical symptoms show that the red zygomas looking like being made up, low spirit, coldblooded and huddling up body, chilly limbs, drinking much and hot, diarrhea with undigested food in the stool and extreme weak pulse and even no feelings. In clinical application, the prescription is sini tang and the main medicines are fuzi and ganjiang which restore yang and get rid of cold. [Conclusion]True cold and pseudo hot syndrome belongs to asthenia-cold. And no matter in disease diagnosis even in clinical treatment, it has an important theoretical and practical significance to distinguish and clear the asthenia or sthenia attribute.